nils-krister persson

Nils-Krister Persson PhD

ass. Professor, docent

head of Smart Textiles Technology Lab

Swedish School of Textiles, University of Borås,

nils-krister.persson@hb.se

Textile is unique among classes of man-made materials

Textile and textile community creates problem

Textile and textile processing provides solutions

If textiles did not exist…

If textiles did not exist…All humans wear textiles: 100% market coverage

There has been no culture ever not having textiles

Textiles is ever present 24-7 in human life: 20 min 1.39 % is textileless

If textiles did not exist…All humans wear textiles: 100% market coverage

There has been no culture ever not having textiles

Textiles is ever present 24-7 in human life: 20 min 1.39 % is textileless

▪ Create 2D surfaces - cheap and with precision

▪ Obtain lightweight materials

▪ 2D continuity ▪ Cover large and small

objects (mm)2 to (km)2

▪ Interfaces ▪ Drape ▪ Create flexible function ▪ Handle (1D) strength ▪ Create distance ▪ Create porous layers ▪ Create dense layer ▪ Express aesthetics ▪ Patterns - periodic ▪ Create high tensile

strength ▪ Keep moisture

I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans

Technosphere• synthetic, artificial,

man-made realm• System• Functions• Artefacts

Biosphere • the totality of

biological matter• system• functions• biofacts

Characteristics of biofacts and “nature as a manufacturer”

The way technology address these items

Biological materials are made from one or both of two polymers: proteins (poly(amino acids)) and polysaccharides (polymers mostly of six-carbon sugars or hexoses).

For plastic a very large number of polymers have been synthesis showing a wide spectrum of properties. Besides metal and metal alloys, ceramics, glass are used

Fluxes of energy, info and materials Fluxes of energy, info and materialsWaterbased chemistry Water is used in industrial processes but also a

spectrum of hazardous solventsStructures are often hierarchical Sometimes hierarchicalSelf-assembly Top-down such as drilling, cutting, sawing -

subtractive manufacturingBottom up Top-down Rounded surfaces Typical sharp, square, surfaces; trianglesFlexibility, pliability Rigid, hardSoft matter (exceptions include teeth) Hard (metals, synthetic diamonds and alike)Adaption (sometimes tropism, or on long term : migration)

Artefacts are dead, just recently “smart” materials have appeared

Recyclable and degradable Deposition, just recently recyclingFibres i.e. prolonged structures common Rods, tubes, pillars, all stiff are commonComposites CompositesPorous, Often impermeable sides for protectionwater beneficial in fluxes and processes water destructivePeriodicity on some scale Materials both and without periodicity exist

Comparison of biofacts from a material point of view and counterparts in techne, and, in mid column textile matching indicated by X

Comparing the artificial, biofacts and textiles

Characteristics of biofacts and “nature as a manufacturer”

The way technology address these items

Biological materials are made from one or both of two polymers: proteins (poly(amino acids)) and polysaccharides (polymers mostly of six-carbon sugars or hexoses).

X For plastic a very large number of polymers have been synthesis showing a wide spectrum of properties. Besides metal and metal alloys, ceramics, glass are used

Fluxes of energy, info and materials Fluxes of energy, info and materialsWaterbased chemistry Water is used in industrial processes but also a

spectrum of hazardous solventsStructures are often hierarchical X Sometimes hierarchicalSelf-assembly X Top-down such as drilling, cutting, sawing -

subtractive manufacturingBottom up X Top-down Rounded surfaces X Typical sharp, square, surfaces; trianglesFlexibility, pliability X Rigid, hardSoft matter (exceptions include teeth) X Hard (metals, synthetic diamonds and alike)Adaption (sometimes tropism, or on long term : migration)

Artefacts are dead, just recently “smart” materials have appeared

Recyclable and degradable X Deposition, just recently recyclingFibres i.e. prolonged structures common Rods, tubes, pillars, all stiff are commonComposites X CompositesPorous, X Often impermeable sides for protectionwater beneficial in fluxes and processes water destructivePeriodicity on some scale X Materials both and without periodicity exist

Comparison of biofacts from a material point of view and counterparts in techne, and, in mid column textile matching indicated by X

Comparing the artificial, biofacts and textiles

II. Textile is the class of material closest to Nature

STATUS IDENTITY

BELONGING

BEE SEEN IDENTIFY

INCLU-EXCLUSION

ESTETICS CULTURE

ZEIT GEIST

SEX GENDER

SEXUALITY

AGE POWER

OCCUPATION

III. Textile is the class of material closest to EMOTIONS

Textile is unique among classes of man-made materials

I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans

II. Textile is the class of material closest to Nature

III. Textile is the class of material closest to EMOTIONS and Mental states

Smart Textiles - For a better world through textile innovation

The largest resource for textile research in Northern EuropeFull scale equipment Yarn spinning Weaving Knitting Textile printing Coating Sewing

Borås, Sweden ¨The Textile Centre

of Sweden¨

Health and Medicine Architecture and InteriorSustainable Textiles

Smart Textiles

CLEAN, ACCESSIBLE WATER

ENSURING HEALTHY LIVES

THE POWER OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY

RUNNING OUT OF RAW MATERIALS

THE BRIDGE

Textiles do adress all these

some quick examples from us

Clean, Accessible Water

Clean, Accessible Water

Xia Huang, Yaobin Meng, Peng Liang, Yi Qian Operational conditions of a membrane filtration reactor coupled with photocatalytic oxidation Separation and Purification Technology Volume 55, Issue 2, 15 June 2007, P 165–172

?fixed bed reactors slurry reactors

Remediation (water) reactors - the basic constructions

Figure of merit=Ac /Ap Ac total area coated Ac projected area

Clean, Accessible Water

Xia Huang, Yaobin Meng, Peng Liang, Yi Qian Operational conditions of a membrane filtration reactor coupled with photocatalytic oxidation Separation and Purification Technology Volume 55, Issue 2, 15 June 2007, P 165–172

?

fixed bed reactors slurry reactorsfluffy

Remediation (water) reactors - the basic constructions

Textile characterizations: Softness, pliability Drapability Cuttable Foldable Possible to roll up Transportable Covering Large area systems 2D Thinness Low weight Cheap, repeatable Mature technology Culturally accepted

Figure of merit=Ac /Ap Ac total area coated Ac projected area

Clean, Accessible Water

Clean, Accessible Water

Biosorption of Artificial wetland fabrics. Copper concentration in the surrounding solution versus time using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, AAS.

Clean, Accessible Water

• Textiles as a basic for water purification• Targeting

-Microorganisms -Metals

• Large area• Simplicity• Eco perspective• Merging textiles and life science• Waste water, storm water, deposits,

remediation

Ensuring Healthy Lives

Question Supporting Medicine&Care sector for enhanced care demand Medical textiles as enabler for selfempowerment

Target Patient suffering from spacticity Electrostimulation of muscles

Result Available product on the Scandinatvian market. Through the cooperation Electrodress has access to possible producers. Deeper research projects together with researchers from the University of Boras financed by KK stiftelsen.

I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans

Ensuring Healthy Lives

Question Supporting Medicine&Care sector for enhanced care demand Medical textiles as enabler for selfempowerment

Target Patient suffering from spacticity Electrostimulation of muscles

Result Available product on the Scandinavian market. Through the cooperation Electrodress has access to possible producers. Deeper research projects together with researchers from the University of Boras financed by KK stiftelsen.

I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans

The Power Of Sustainable Energy

• Small solar panels 100mW/cm2 in direct sunlight and 100μW/cm2 in indirect light. • Thermoelectric devices 10 mW/cm2 furnace exhaust stack. 10μW/cm2 body heat •Piezoelectric elements 100μW/cm2 depending on their size and construction. • RF energy harvesting 100pW/cm2

Energy harvesting: •light, •heat differentials •vibrating beams •transmitted RF signals

The Power Of Sustainable Energy

• Small solar panels 100mW/cm2 in direct sunlight and 100μW/cm2 in indirect light. • Thermoelectric devices 10 mW/cm2 furnace exhaust stack. 10μW/cm2 body heat •Piezoelectric elements 100μW/cm2 depending on their size and construction. • RF energy harvesting 100pW/cm2

Energy harvesting: •light, •heat differentials •vibrating beams •transmitted RF signals

The Power Of Sustainable Energy

Piezoelectricity - electricity or electric polarity due to pressure especially in a crystalline substance Encyclopedia Britannica

Focus shoe/sole/sock

▪ (relative) stability ▪ fix structures neareby ▪ periodicity in patterns ▪ “textilization” possible ▪ short wiring distances ▪ Basal area for human

movement ▪ Important for most

sports ▪ Breddidrott – event

organizers STEPS Smart Textiles Evaluation Platform for Socks

The Power Of Sustainable Energy

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

The Gap Peak Cotton

Fossil based raw materials

Environment and CSR

Running Out Of Raw Materials

The GapWorld population = world demand

World fibre production capability

year

The Gap

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Peak Cotton- Food vs cotton - Fresh water issue - Pesticide spread

Then, what are we doing?

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock Re:

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock

Paper textile

5 kg 3 kg

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock

Peak Cotton, really…?

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstockFrom a pair of jeans to

the YELLOW SHIRT

The world first

chemically recycled cotton

garment

Project: Den gula klänningen by: Lena-Marie Jensen, SKS, KTH Re:newcell AB, GreenHouse Labs

Recycled textile fibres

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock From cellulose to

the WHITE

ONEPIECE

Swedish pulp 90% and10%

Re:newcell Project: Textiles back to textiles

Wood cellulose based textile

CO2

One of the most severe problems whatsoever

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock

…-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-…

This is what is needed

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock

New feedstock? AIR!?

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock

Project: Made from Air

Dedicated Institute, Smart Textiles, Swedish School of Textiles

climate neutral textiles climate POSITIVE textiles

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

New feedstock

Re: -Reuse, reduce,

recycle -Resource focused

- ”Det glömda och gömda” - Waste

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Re:

Re: For the textile

community: Redesign, refresh, repair, redo

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Re:

Re: - Textile is a material class that is possible to

work with - Slöjd in school - Artist in shops (co-creation) - Transparent value chains - Empower the industry

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Running Out Of Raw Materials

Re:

Welcome! Contact: smarttextiles@hb.se

Smart Textiles Showroom