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Roger OttmarResearch Forester

Fire and Environmental Research Applications TeamPacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory

USDA Forest Service Research—PNW Research Station

Seattle, WashingtonPhone: 206-732-7826

E-mail: rottmar@fs.fed.usWeb: www.fs.fed.us/pnw/fera

RPO Meeting

Austin, Texas

February 9, 2005

Black Area Land Managers

Fuel Loading

Fuel Consumption

Emission Factor

Emission Production

Dispersion/Concentration

Photo series

FCCS

Consume 3.0

Air Chemistry project (Missoula Fire Lab)

FEPS

BlueSky

Natural Fuels Photo Series

Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team

Pacific Northwest Research Station

Seattle, Washington

Website: www.fs.fed.us/pnw/fera

NortheastMissouri Breaks

Borderlands

Natural Fuels Photo Series Completed

• Southeast VIa: sand hill, sand pine scrub, and hardwood with white pine types in the Southeast United States with supplemental sites for Volume VI. (PMS 838)

• Alaska IIA: hardwood with spruce (NFES 2668)• Midwest Va: jack pine (NFES 2669)• PNW I: mixed conifer; juniper; sage; grass (NFES 2580)• Alaska II: black/white spruce (NFES 2581)• Rockies III: lodgepole; aspen; gambel oak (NFES 2583) • Southwest IV: pinyon/juniper; sage; chaparral (NFES 2584)• Midwest V: red/white pine; tall grass; oak/hickory (NFES 2582)• Southeast VI: long leaf pine; pocosin; marsh grass (NFES 2585)• Hawaii: grass, shrub, woodland, and forest types (PNW-GTR-156) • Training package: How to Use Photo Series (Rx 410-Smoke

Management)

Average 2 volumes per year

Photo Series in Preparation• West: Deciduous-evergreen oak/savanna;

mixed conifer/brush (January, 2005) • Northeast: Mixed hardwoods; pitch pine

scrub; red spruce/balsam fir (Late 2005)• Southwest borderlands: juniper/mixed oak

(2006)• Missouri breaks: sage, grass, juniper (2006)

Missouri Breaks Borderlands CaliforniaNortheast

Black Area Land Managers

Fuel Loading

Fuel Consumption

Emission Factor

Emission Production

Dispersion/Concentration

Photo series

FCCS

Consume 3.0

Air Chemistry project (Missoula Fire Lab)

FEPS

BlueSky

Shortcut to fccs.jar.lnk

What is FCCS?

• Simple to use software tool

• Comprehensive set of fuelbeds with:–assigned and calculated characteristics– fire potentials

• Allows customization of fuelbeds

• Assignment at multi-scales across the United States

Fuelbed Strata and Categories

Crown Fire

Surface Fire

Smoldering, Residual Effects

SnagTree

LadderFuels

Canopy Stratum

Shrubs

Needle Drape

Shrub Stratum

Graminoids HerbsNonwoody Vegetation Stratum

StumpsPiles and Jackpots Sound Wood Rotten Wood Woody Fuel

Stratum

Moss

Lichen

LitterMoss, Lichen, Litter Stratum

DuffGround Fuel Stratum

The use of fuelbed strata facilitates the creation of spatial data layers and allows the user to include, combine or

exclude as much detail as needed to suit an application.

Basal Accumulation

Select National Fuelbed

Review assigned variables of selected fuelbed in FCCS editor

Customize fuelbed

Calculate fuelbed properties

Generate output reports

Characteristics by fuelbed strata and category

Characteristics by fuelbed strata and category

FCCS Fire potentials

FCCS Fire potentials

Information Flow in FCCSEcoregion

Veg. form

Structure

Cover type

Change agent

Fire regime

Condition class

Fuel model crosswalk

Fuel model crosswalk

Application

• Use FCCS to develop a set of fuelbeds to represent an area– Select default National Fuelbeds– Customize with inventory data/expert

knowledge• Assign fuelbeds to landscape• Assign fuelbed characteristics and fire

potentials at multiple scales

ApplicationApplication---- National Fire Plan Regional Haze Project, EPA National Fire Plan Regional Haze Project, EPA Emissions Inventory Fuels Map, and test Forests for Region Emissions Inventory Fuels Map, and test Forests for Region

6 (McKenzie, Sandberg, and 6 (McKenzie, Sandberg, and OttmarOttmar))

0 175 350 525Miles

Arizona white oak - Silverleaf oak - Emory oak woodlandBlack cottonwood - Alder - Ash forestBlack oak woodlandBluebunch wheatgrass - Bluegrass grasslandChamise - Redshank chaparral shrublandChihuahua pine - Apache pine - Arizona cypress forestCoastal sage shrublandCreosote bush shrublandDouglas-fir - Pacific ponderosa pine / Oceanspray forestDouglas-fir - Sugar pine - Tanoak forestDouglas-fir - Tanoak - Madrone forestGambel oak - Sagebrush shrublandGrand fir forestGray pine / Ceanothus forestIdaho fescue - Bluebunch wheatgrass grasslandInterior Douglas-fir - Ponderosa pine forestInterior ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir - Engelmann spruce forestInterior ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir - White fir forestInterior ponderosa pine forestLive oak woodlandLodgepole pine forestMesquite savannaMountain hemlock - Red fir - White pine - Lodgepole pine forestOregon white oak / Douglas-fir forestPacific ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir forestPacific ponderosa pine / Snowberry forestPacific ponderosa pine savannaPacific silver fir - Mountain hemlock forestPine - Black oak forestsPine - Oak forestPinyon - Juniper forestPonderosa pine - Jeffrey pine forestPonderosa pine - Pinyon pine - Juniper forestPonderosa pine savannaRed fescue - Oatgrass grasslandRed fir forestRedwood - Douglas-fir forestSagebrush / Bitterbrush shrublandSagebrush shrublandScrub oak - Chaparral shrublandShowy sedge - Alpine black sedge grasslandSubalpine fir - Engelmann spruce - Lodgepole pine forestSubalpine fir/ Engelmann spruce forestSugar pine - Douglas-fir - Ponderosa pine / Oak forestTanoak - California bay - Madrone forestTobosa - Grama grasslandTrembling aspen / Engelmann spruce forestTrembling aspen forestTurbinella oak - Ceanothus - Mountain mahogany shrublandVaccinium - Heather shrublandsWestern hemlock - Douglas-fir - Sitka spruce forestWestern hemlock - Douglas-fir - Western redcedar / Vine maple forestWestern hemlock - Western redcedar - Douglas-fir forestWestern juniper / Huckleberry oak forestWestern juniper / Sagebrush savannaWheatgrass - Cheatgrass grasslandWhite fir - Douglas-fir forestWhitebark pine / Subalpine fir forestWhitebark pine / Western juniper savanna

FCCS western fuelbeds

0 175 350 525Miles

0 175 350 525Miles

Arizona white oak - Silverleaf oak - Emory oak woodlandBlack cottonwood - Alder - Ash forestBlack oak woodlandBluebunch wheatgrass - Bluegrass grasslandChamise - Redshank chaparral shrublandChihuahua pine - Apache pine - Arizona cypress forestCoastal sage shrublandCreosote bush shrublandDouglas-fir - Pacific ponderosa pine / Oceanspray forestDouglas-fir - Sugar pine - Tanoak forestDouglas-fir - Tanoak - Madrone forestGambel oak - Sagebrush shrublandGrand fir forestGray pine / Ceanothus forestIdaho fescue - Bluebunch wheatgrass grasslandInterior Douglas-fir - Ponderosa pine forestInterior ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir - Engelmann spruce forestInterior ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir - White fir forestInterior ponderosa pine forestLive oak woodlandLodgepole pine forestMesquite savannaMountain hemlock - Red fir - White pine - Lodgepole pine forestOregon white oak / Douglas-fir forestPacific ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir forestPacific ponderosa pine / Snowberry forestPacific ponderosa pine savannaPacific silver fir - Mountain hemlock forestPine - Black oak forestsPine - Oak forestPinyon - Juniper forestPonderosa pine - Jeffrey pine forestPonderosa pine - Pinyon pine - Juniper forestPonderosa pine savannaRed fescue - Oatgrass grasslandRed fir forestRedwood - Douglas-fir forestSagebrush / Bitterbrush shrublandSagebrush shrublandScrub oak - Chaparral shrublandShowy sedge - Alpine black sedge grasslandSubalpine fir - Engelmann spruce - Lodgepole pine forestSubalpine fir/ Engelmann spruce forestSugar pine - Douglas-fir - Ponderosa pine / Oak forestTanoak - California bay - Madrone forestTobosa - Grama grasslandTrembling aspen / Engelmann spruce forestTrembling aspen forestTurbinella oak - Ceanothus - Mountain mahogany shrublandVaccinium - Heather shrublandsWestern hemlock - Douglas-fir - Sitka spruce forestWestern hemlock - Douglas-fir - Western redcedar / Vine maple forestWestern hemlock - Western redcedar - Douglas-fir forestWestern juniper / Huckleberry oak forestWestern juniper / Sagebrush savannaWheatgrass - Cheatgrass grasslandWhite fir - Douglas-fir forestWhitebark pine / Subalpine fir forestWhitebark pine / Western juniper savanna

Arizona white oak - Silverleaf oak - Emory oak woodlandBlack cottonwood - Alder - Ash forestBlack oak woodlandBluebunch wheatgrass - Bluegrass grasslandChamise - Redshank chaparral shrublandChihuahua pine - Apache pine - Arizona cypress forestCoastal sage shrublandCreosote bush shrublandDouglas-fir - Pacific ponderosa pine / Oceanspray forestDouglas-fir - Sugar pine - Tanoak forestDouglas-fir - Tanoak - Madrone forestGambel oak - Sagebrush shrublandGrand fir forestGray pine / Ceanothus forestIdaho fescue - Bluebunch wheatgrass grasslandInterior Douglas-fir - Ponderosa pine forestInterior ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir - Engelmann spruce forestInterior ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir - White fir forestInterior ponderosa pine forestLive oak woodlandLodgepole pine forestMesquite savannaMountain hemlock - Red fir - White pine - Lodgepole pine forestOregon white oak / Douglas-fir forestPacific ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir forestPacific ponderosa pine / Snowberry forestPacific ponderosa pine savannaPacific silver fir - Mountain hemlock forestPine - Black oak forestsPine - Oak forestPinyon - Juniper forestPonderosa pine - Jeffrey pine forestPonderosa pine - Pinyon pine - Juniper forestPonderosa pine savannaRed fescue - Oatgrass grasslandRed fir forestRedwood - Douglas-fir forestSagebrush / Bitterbrush shrublandSagebrush shrublandScrub oak - Chaparral shrublandShowy sedge - Alpine black sedge grasslandSubalpine fir - Engelmann spruce - Lodgepole pine forestSubalpine fir/ Engelmann spruce forestSugar pine - Douglas-fir - Ponderosa pine / Oak forestTanoak - California bay - Madrone forestTobosa - Grama grasslandTrembling aspen / Engelmann spruce forestTrembling aspen forestTurbinella oak - Ceanothus - Mountain mahogany shrublandVaccinium - Heather shrublandsWestern hemlock - Douglas-fir - Sitka spruce forestWestern hemlock - Douglas-fir - Western redcedar / Vine maple forestWestern hemlock - Western redcedar - Douglas-fir forestWestern juniper / Huckleberry oak forestWestern juniper / Sagebrush savannaWheatgrass - Cheatgrass grasslandWhite fir - Douglas-fir forestWhitebark pine / Subalpine fir forestWhitebark pine / Western juniper savanna

FCCS western fuelbeds

0 175 350 525Miles

High : 158

Low : 0

Available fuel (tons/acre)

FCCS western fuelbeds

Class 1 areas

0 175 350 525Miles

High : 158

Low : 0

High : 158High : 158

Low : 0

Available fuel (tons/acre)

FCCS western fuelbeds

Class 1 areasClass 1 areas

FCCS TimelineFCCS Timeline•• FCCS Release Candidate versionFCCS Release Candidate version——November 16, November 16,

20042004–– 175 National 175 National FuelbedsFuelbeds–– Draft user manual and help Draft user manual and help –– Fine tuning fire potentialsFine tuning fire potentials–– Building Building fuelbedsfuelbeds–– Demonstrations in 2005Demonstrations in 2005

•• FCCS final releaseFCCS final release——May, 2005May, 2005

•• Linkage to Consume 3.0, FOFEM, FETM, FEPS, Linkage to Consume 3.0, FOFEM, FETM, FEPS, FASTRACS, FVS, Behave plus, etcFASTRACS, FVS, Behave plus, etc

Fuel Loading

Fuel Consumption

Emission Factor

Emission Production

Dispersion/Concentration

Black Area Land Managers

Photo series

FCCS

Consume 3.0

Air Chemistry project (Missoula Fire Lab)

FEPS

BlueSky

Modification and Validation of Fuel Consumption Modeling

Roger Ottmar, David Sandberg, Clint Wright, and Robert Vihnanek

Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team

Pacific Northwest Research Station

Seattle, Washington

Website: www.fs.fed.us/pnw/fera

Fuel Consumption Project

• Develop new; modify and improve existing fuel consumption models for fuel types where there is:

Limited knowledgeIncreased wildland fire expectedEmphasis on shrubs and boreal forestEmphasis on combustion by fuel stratum/categories Emphasis on smoldering phase

• Consume 3.0/user manual/training package

Objective

Alaska Rapid Response: Forest Floor and Emissions Characterization

Ponderosa Pine/Mixed Conifer

• Over 40 sites inventoried and burned

• New forest floor and woody fuel consumption models developed

• Implementing equations into Consume 3.0

Southern Pine/Hardwoods

• Over 40 sites inventoried and burned

• New forest floor and woody fuel consumption models developed

• Implementing equations into Consume 3.0

Shrublands and Grasslands

• Over 42 sites inventoried and burned

• New shrub consumption model being developed.

• Implementing equations into Consume 3.0

Fuel Consumption Project Sites

What is Consume 3.0?• Consume is a software package that

models the amount of fuel consumption and emissions of a fire, either wildland or prescribed

• Builds on an earlier software package, Consume 2.1 but is more user-friendly, more flexible, more accurate, linked to FCCS

• Not specific to PNW; can be used in all fuel/forest types

Consume 3.0 Release Consume 3.0 Release Candidate June 2005Candidate June 2005

Fuel Loading

Fuel Consumption

Emission Factor

Emission Production

Dispersion/Concentration

Black Area

Consume 3.0

FEPS

Photo series

FCCS

BlueSky

Air Chemistry project (Missoula Fire Lab)

Land Managers

Sam SandbergRoger OttmarRobert Norheim

What is FEPS?• FEPS is a software package that

models the amount and rate of consumption and emissions of a fire, either wildland or prescribed

• Builds on an earlier software package, EPM (Emissions Production Model) but is more user-friendly, more flexible, more accurate

• Not specific to PNW; can be used in all fuel/forest types