normal distributions. essential question: how do you find percents of data and probabilities of...

Normal Distributions

Essential Question: How do you find percents of data

and probabilities of events associated with normal

distributions?

Normal Curves (68-95-99.7 Rule)

• 68% of the data fall within 1 standard deviation of the mean.

• 95% of the data fall within 2 standard deviation of the mean.

• 99.7% of the data fall within 3 standard deviation of the mean.

Normal Curve’s Symmetry

Finding Areas Under a Normal Curve

• Suppose the masses (in grams) of pennies minted in the United States after 1982 are normally distributed with a mean of 2.5g and a standard deviation of 0.02g.

Find the following:

Percent of pennies that have a mass between 2.46g and 2.54g.

Finding Areas Under a Normal Curve

• Suppose the masses (in grams) of pennies minted in the United States after 1982 are normally distributed with a mean of 2.5g and a standard deviation of 0.02g.

Find the following: The probability that a randomly chosen penny has a mass greater than 2.52g.

Reflect 2a.

Explain how you know that the area under the curve between and represents 13.5% of the data if you know that the percent of the data within of the mean is 68% and the percent of the data within 2of the mean is 95%.

The Standard Normal Curve

Standard Normal Distribution has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.

A data value from a normal distribution with a mean and standard deviation can be standardized by finding its z-score

The Standard Normal Curve

• Areas under the standard normal curve to the left of a given z-score have be computed and appear in the standard normal table.

Using the Z-Score

𝑃 (𝑧≤1.3 )=.9032𝑜𝑟 90.32%

Example

• Suppose the heights (in inches) of adult females in the United States are normally distributed with a mean of 63.8 inches and a standard deviation of 2.8 inches.

• Fine each of the following: – The percent of women who are no more than 65

inches tall. – The probability that a randomly chosen woman is

between 60 inches and 63 inches tall.

The percent of women who are no more than 65 inches tall.

• Convert 65 to a z-score:

• “no more than” means: ___

𝑃 (𝑧≤0.4 )

Reflect 3a

• Using this result, you can find the percent of females who are at least 65 inches tall without needing the table. Find the percent and explain your reasoning.

The probability that a randomly chosen woman is between 60 inches and 63 inches tall.

• Convert 60 to a z-score:

• Convert 63 to a z-score:

) = =

𝑃 (𝑧≤−0.3 )−𝑃 (𝑧 ≤−1.4)  =

Reflect 3b

• How does the probability that a randomly chosen female has a height between 64.6 inches and 67.6 inches compare with your answer? Why?