north america ii

North America IINorth America II

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

Learning Objectives :-• Describe the physical characteristics• Understand the importance of tourism

characteristics• Importance of major Canadian cities

North America IINorth America II

Tourism Characteristics • Tourism and the tourist industry are of

major importance in Canada and the USA• Unequaled in the world for domestic and

international combined• US highest international and domestic

expenditures and tourism receipts of all countries in the world

North America IINorth America II

• International tourism receipts in 1999 exceeded US$95 billion dollars

• Domestic travel another 4 billion dollars• Over 80 percent of trips taken in North

America are by private automobile.

CanadaCanada• Infrastructure of the tourism industry in Canada

is similar to that of the US• Hotels and restaurants belong to chains or are

members of franchises based in the US• Canadian equivalent of AMTRAK (via rail) runs

on both the government-owned Canadian National (CN) tracks and privately owned Canadian Pacific(CP) tracks

CanadaCanada

• Agencies of government responsible for tourism development and marketing are found in every provincial and territorial government and at the federal level

• Tourism Industry Association of Canada (TIAC) has a role similar to that of the Travel Industry Association of America (TIA).

CanadaCanada

• Viewpoint of the industry to government• Provincial tourism industry associations

which serve a similar purpose at the provincial level

One country, Two One country, Two people :French separatism in people :French separatism in

CanadaCanada• Unique country, attractive to tourists is its

heritage of both English and French settlement

• 31 million population and approximately one-fourth is French speaking

• French influence is most obvious is in the Province of Quebec

One country, Two One country, Two people :French separatism in people :French separatism in

CanadaCanada• 82 percent of Quebec’s over seven million

speak French and less 10 percent claim English as their first language

• 2nd province would be New Brunswick• Obvious in the areas would be

newspapers, advertisements, television and radio

One country, Two One country, Two people :French separatism in people :French separatism in

CanadaCanada• French first to settle in Canada, but by

1763 defeated by the English• French settlement confined primarily to the

lower St. Lawrence River Valley• Canada formally unified as one country in

1867, French and English were both official languages.

Domestic tourismDomestic tourism• Largely domestic, more than 70 percent of

all overnight by Canadians• Ensured that tourist-promotional programs

would emphasize Canadians attractions for both residents and nonresidents

• Culture and heritage, beautiful national, regional and state parks, adventure tourism, festivals and events, skiing, golf, water sports and country resorts.

Domestic TourismDomestic Tourism

• Western provinces of Saskatchewan, Alberta, and Manitoba are the most frequent travellers in Canada

• West coast province of British Columbia and the eastern provinces of Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island are less inclined to travel

International TourismInternational Tourism• Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR) 37%

Pleasure (36%)• Two most visited provinces are Ontario

and Quebec for both intra and interprovincial travel

• Most popular destinations for Canadian residents are Toronto, Montreal, Edmonton, Quebec City, Ottawa-Hull, Calgary and Vancouver

International TourismInternational Tourism

• Linkage to the USA• Represent 93 percent of all Canadians

international travel trips• Daily trippers numbering 30 million

annually for shopping, entertainment and single-day trips

International TourismInternational Tourism

• 80 percent of the international visitors to Canada from the US

• Top three countries visiting Canada are as follows 1999 :-

• USA, UK, Japan, Germany etc.

Tourism Destinations and Tourism Destinations and AttractionsAttractions

• Province of Ontario is historically and currently the largest attraction for foreign tourists to Canada

• Second largest attraction is the province of Quebec followed by the province of Alberta

Tourism Destinations and Tourism Destinations and AttractionsAttractions

• Sporting/Adventure, Wilderness/Expedition, Leisure/Recreation, Beach/Recreation, Heritage/Culture, Urban, Resort and Scenic

Wilderness/ExpeditionWilderness/Expedition

• Inaccessibility• Activities including trophy hunting, fishing,

safaris, rugged and unforgiving terrain Required specialized equipment and qualified guides

Leisure/RecreationLeisure/Recreation

• Easily accessed by local populations and suitable for day trips

• Small scale recreational and cultural products designed to cater to local populations, such as Southern Ontario

Beach/RecreationBeach/Recreation

• Built on beach resources• More significant destination area character

that encourages extended visits (such as Prince Edward Island or other beach areas of the world)

Heritage/CultureHeritage/Culture

• Heritage or cultural travel generators

UrbanUrban

• Significant urban experience• Local urban product were not classified as

tourist destinations

ResortResort

• Numerous activities and considerable types of accommodation

ScenicScenic

• Amalgam of small scenic, heritage, and cultural resources, without a destination travel generator

Provinces and TerritoriesProvinces and Territories

Newfoundland and Labrador :-• Island of Newfoundland plus Labrador on

the mainland create one province• Newest province of Canada,

Newfoundland has fishing, scenic, cultural, and historical attractions

Provinces and TerritoriesProvinces and Territories

• Second smallest number of visitors of all the Canadian Provinces, attracting only 1.2 million overnight visitors a year, but about an equal number of same-day visitors yearly

• Highest unemployment is the highest in Canada

Provinces and TerritoriesProvinces and Territories

• Tourist attractions in Newfoundland are associated with the early village and coastal life combined with beautiful coastal and mountain scenery

• Attractions led to the UN educational, scientific, and cultural organisation (UNESCO) designating the areas as a World Heritage Site in 1988

QuebecQuebec

• Largest province in the area• 25% of the population of Canada• French-speaking Canadians• Largely French in language and custom• Only 47% visitors come from US• Principal attractions are the city’s rich

history, cultural events, museums and gardens

QuebecQuebec

• Attractions including Botanical Gardens (third largest botanical gardens in the world), Old quarter has sidewalk, Notre Dame Church Chinatown, Jet boat tour on the Lachine Rapids, which departs from the old port etc.

British ColumbiaBritish Columbia

• Combination of the Pacific Ocean, beautiful wooded mountains, and a west coast marine climate

• Residents mostly include English with small groups of Russian, German, Japanese and Chinese

British ColumbiaBritish Columbia

• Sandy beaches for fishing for salmon in the bays and fast-running rivers, beautiful gardens and parks

• Short distance from the city of Vancouver are Vancouver Island and the provincial capital Victoria, which is a major destination for visitors

British ColumbiaBritish Columbia• New city with modern architecture and the

second largest Chinatown in North America

• Historic Gastown area was the original settlement and has the buildings dating back to 1800s.

• Thousand-acre Stanley Park with dazzling view of the city and with famous ski resort Whistler/Blackoomb

SummarySummary

• The landforms of North America have been conducive to human use and with these characteristics it has helped the tourism aspects of the country to grow.

• With its uniqueness of the country, it has created natural visitors’ attractions for the visitors’ to explore.