notes on southeast asia section 7.4. europeans carve out areas of influence in southeast asia goals...

Notes on Southeast Asia

Section 7.4

Europeans Carve out areas of influence in

Southeast Asia Goals– Expand Trade– Acquire raw materials– Christianize

Portugal

• Controlled spice trade around islands in Southeast Asia

• Spread Catholicism• Many natives resented Portuguese disregard

for native culture and traditions.

Spain

• They colonize the Philippines because it was an excellent location for trade between Asia and Americas.

• A Datus, or local ruler, pledged loyalty to Spain in return for keeping their regional power.

• Most Filipino’s converted to Catholicism.

Dutch

• Broke Portuguese dominance of the Spice Trade.

• They had more success because they only wanted to trade, not Christianize the natives

• Their only goal was trade• Received trading rights in Java for helping

locals rulers put down rebellion• Helped get English out of Indonesia

France

• Latecomers to exploration in Southeast Asia beginning around 1860s

• Jesuits convert many natives to Christianity• They control Vietnam and Indochina

Thai Kingdom

Trailok (1448-1488)

• King of Ayutthaya• Set up strong central government with separate civil

and military branches• Required officials to live in the capital so he could

oversee their work• Set up a class system- all people got land but higher

you were in rank, the more land you received• Europeans had not yet begun exploration during his

rule

Phraya Chakri (1782-1809)

• General who became king when rebels took over Taskin rulers

• He moved the capital city to Bangkok• Established the dynasty that still rules

Thailand• He was known as the King of Siam• Maintained policy of isolation from Europeans

King Mongkut (1851-1868)

•Makes European nations compete for trade rights

•Felt western trade is a positive influence

•Wants to modernize his kingdom

•Encouraged people to study science and European languages

•Struggled with the idea of how much change the kingdom should make

Chulalongkorn (1868-1910)•Continued his fathers’ goals of modernizing the kingdom

•Ended slavery

•Encouraged his people to study abroad

•Built railways and roads

How the Thai Kingdom avoided European

Conquest and Colonization

Had a well-established kingdomMid 1400s

• Early kings developed strong religious traditions based on Buddhism and Hinduism

• Maintained a strong central government• Required Government officials to live in the palace

with the king• Set up a rigid class system• Banned all Europeans who tried to colonize in 1688

(Dutch and some Portuguese were allowed to remain as long as they just wanted to trade)

• Thai Kingdom would remain closed to Europeans until 1826