november 12, 2015 activity title: cell structure and function. challenge: how does the structure of...

November 12, 2015• Activity Title: Cell Structure and Function.• Challenge: How does the structure of a

cell contribute to its function?• Concepts/Vocabulary:

–Nucleus–Cell membrane–Mitochondrion

–Chloroplast–Vacuole–Cell wall

Cell Structure and Function:• Two main types of overall cell

structures:Eukaryotic Prokaryotic

• Larger, more complex• High level of internal

organization:– Contain many membrane

bound organelles• Have a nucleus• Ex: Plants, Animal, Fungi

• Very small, simple• Low level or internal

organization– Few to no membrane

bound organelles• No nucleus• Ex: Bacteria

Cell Structure and Function:Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic

Cell Structure and Function:• Organelles: –“Little Organ”–Structures within cells that carry out a

specific function. – Things inside cells that do a certain

job for the cell.

Cell Structure and Function:• Cell Membrane:–Function: Separates the inside of the

cell from other cells and/or the environment. Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. –Analogy: Cell membrane is the traffic

cop of the cell.

Cell Structure and Function:

Cell Structure and Function:• Nucleus:–Very obvious when looking at eukaryotic

cells.–Function: Controls cell activities.–Analogy: Nucleus is the “brain” of the cell.–Plural: Nuclei

Cell Structure and Function:

Cell Structure and Function:• Mitochondrion–Function: Breaks down nutrients to

release energy (cellular respiration)–Analogy: Power plant of the cell (gives

the cell energy)–Plural: Mitochondria

Cell Structure and Function:

Cell Structure and Function:• Chloroplast:–Function: Site of photosynthesis–Photosynthesis is where plants

combine carbon dioxide and water and create food and oxygen:

Cell Structure and Function:

Cell Structure and Function:

Cell Structure and Function:• Vacuole:–Large fluid filled space within a cell

that is surrounded by a membrane.–Function: Storage facility for cell and

helps maintain cell shape.

Cell Structure and Function:

Cell Structure and Function:• Cell Wall:–Surrounds the membrane of some

types of cells.–Not as flexible as cell membrane. –Function: Structural support and

protection.

Cell Structure and Function:

Cell Structure and Function:1. What are some common structures of a cell?2. What type of organism does not contain a nucleus?3. What do mitochondrion use to produce energy for a

cell?4. What do chloroplasts use to produce nutrients for

plant cells?5. Why is the nucleus an important part of most cells?6. Plant cells have chloroplast to carry out

photosynthesis. Do plant cells have mitochondria as well? Why or why not?