ntpc unchahar summer or vocational training ppt

A PRESENTATION ON VOCATIONAL TRAINING AT –

NTPC UNCHAHAR

PRESENTED BY- AAYUSH TARAGI SURABHI PAL

PRABJOT SINGH

PUNEET KUMAR EN 4TH YEAR

ABOUT NTPC• NTPC is the largest power generating company in india,

was set up in 1975 to accelerate power development in the country.

• NTPC has installed capacity of (43803MW).

• NTPC has 16 coal based power stations (31182MW).

• NTPC has 7 gas based power stations (4017MW).

• NTPC has 7 power stations in joint ventures (8,604MW).

NTPC has 9 Solar based Power stations(360MW).

• In 1997 , Government of india granted NTPC status of ‘Navratna’.

ABOUT NTPC, UNCHAHAR• It has energy generating capacity by – -coal based thermal plant is 1050 MW .

• It has 3 stages consisting 5 units of coal based thermal plant .

-stage 1 –unit 1 and unit 2(2 x 210MW) -stage 2-unit 3 and unit 4(2 x 210MW). -stage 3 –unit 5 (210MW).• It’s 6th unit is under construction (500MW).

COAL SOURCE - Central Coal Field limited(CCL) - Bharat Cocking Coal Limited(BCCL)

WATER SOURCE - Sharda Sahayak canal(main source) - Dalmau pump canal(auxilliary source)

SOURCES

OPERATION OF THERMALPOWER PLANT

OPERATION MECHANISM

• The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to boiler for producing heat .• In Boiler the water is converted to steam.•In super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam is called super heated steam.•The superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High pressure turbine.•The exhausted steam is sent to preheater and the steam then rotates the intermediate pressure (IP) turbine.• The steam from the IP Turbine is then feed to low pressure turbine.•The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which produces electric Power.•The power generated is then transmitted .

MAIN DEPARTMENTS OF PLANT•Coal handling plant•Boiler•Superheater •Turbine•Generator•Condenser•Cooling Tower•Switchyard•Ash handling plant•Electrostatic precipitator

COAL HANDLING PLANT

• The function of coal handling plant is automatic feeding of coal to the boiler furnace.

• A thermal power plant burns enormous amounts of coal.

• A 200MW plant may require around 2000 tons of coal daily

• following are the process of plant-:

1. Bunkering process2. Unloading process3. Feeding process 4. Screening process5. Crushing process

•A boiler or steam generator is a closed vessel to which water under pressure, is converted into steam.

•It is one of the major components of a thermal power plant.

•Always designed to absorb maximum amount of heat released in the process of combustion.

BOILER

SUPER HEATER

•A device which moves last traces of moisture.

•It helps in reduction in requirement of steam quantity.

•Steam being dry reduces the mechanical resistance of turbine.

•No corrosion at the Turbine blades.

TURBINE •A steam turbine converts heat energy of steam into mechanical energy and drives the generator.• It uses the principle that steam when issuing from a small opening attains a high velocity.

•This velocity attained during expansion depends on the initial and final heat content of the steam.

•This difference b/w initial and final heat content represents the heat energy converted into kinetic energy.

•These are of two types :- 1. Impulse turbine2. Reaction turbine

GENERATOR

•The Synchronus Generator is used to generate power by connecting the shaft of the Turbine to the shaft of the generator which create the magnetic flux producing Emf.

•The generated voltage will generally 33 KV to 11 KV max.

• the generated Voltage is stepped up by connecting Step up transformer and is also used for auxilliary purpose.

CONDENSER• Which condenses the

steam at the exhaust of turbine.

• It creates a very low pressure at the exhaust of turbine, this helps in converting heat energy of steam into mechanical energy in the prime mover.

• The condensed steam can be used as feed water to the boiler.

COOLING TOWER• Remove heat from the water

discharged from the condenser so that the water can be discharged to the river or re circulated and reused.

• Air can be circulated in the cooling towers through natural draft and mechanical draft.

SWITCHYARD

•A switchyard is a part of an electrical generation, transmission system.

•Switchyard transform voltage from high to low’ or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions

SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

EQUIPMENTS IN SWITCHYARD•OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS1. BUS BAR2. LIGHTENING ARRESTER3. BREAKER4. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER5. EARTHING ROD6. CURRENT TRANSFORMER7. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

•INDOOR EQUIPMENTS1. RELAYS2. CONTROL PANNEL3. CIRCUIT BREAKERS

ASH HANDLING PLANT•The percentage of ash in coal varies from 5% in good quality coal to about 40% in poor quality coal Power plants generally use poor quality of coal .

•thus amount of ash produced by it is pretty large .

•A modern 2000MW plant produces about 5000 tons of ash daily.

• The stations use some conveyor arrangement to carry ash to dump sites directly or for carrying and loading it to trucks and wagons which transport it to the site of disposal

UTILISATION OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIAL

(ASH)• Construction of embankments and fills

• Construction of road in sub-base

• Manufacture of cement

• Manufacture of bricks/blocks

• Filling as flowable fill material

• Agriculture as soil amendment/source of essential plant nutrients

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORPRINCIPLE- - Dust laden gases passed into chambers

where the individual particles of dust are given an electric charge by absorption of free ions from a high voltage dc ionising field.

PROCESS- -There are 4 steps that are involved:-1-Ionisation of gases and charging of particls.2-Migration of particles to respective electrodes.3-Deposition of particles on the electrodes.4-dislodging of particles from the electrodes.

FUNDAMENTAL PARTS OF ESP•Basing•Hoppers•Collecting System•Emitting System•Rapping Mechanism•Insulators•Transformer Rectifier

ADVANTAGES

•The fuel used is quite cheap.

•Less initial cost as compared to other generating plants.

•It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence of coal.

•The coal can be easily transported to the site

•It require less space as compared to Hydro power plants.

•Cost of generation is less than that of diesel power plants.

DISADVANTAGES

•It pollutes the atmosphere due to production of large amount of smoke and fumes.

•It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric plants.

•Maintenance cost is more.

THANK YOU