oecd gov mobile government
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M-GOVERNMENT: ESTABLISHING THE
FRAMEWORK
Barbara-Chiara UbaldiOECD E-Government Project ManagerReform of the Public Sector Division
Content overview
1. What is m-government?2. Why m-government : Origin
and context of OECD work 3. How to make it happen:
prerequisites, main barriers and challenges
4. Who can benefit? 5. Where to go: The OECD role
1. From e-government to m-government (the what)
• What is m-government?
• Differences between e-government and m-government services provision: more than a shift in technologies, a fundamental change (e.g. different relationship btw mobile state and mobile public officials, mobile state and mobile citizens, mobile citizens and mobile civil servants)
• Key role of mobile technology to pursue next generation of public services: citizen centric, integrated, measurable and transparent
• New technologies enable more open specifications, greater sharing of resources, interoperability, counting on future market trends
• Key question: will e-government be replaced by m-government?
• Early stage of m–government development and part of the overall strategy of Public Sector modernisation and integrated service delivery strategy
1. From e-government to m-government (the what)
Source: OECD Report on Mobile Government , 2011
2. Origin of OECD work on m-government (the why)
• Countries are looking for increased agility, ubiquity and responsiveness of public services: mobile and wirelsess services platform-independent and available anywhere, anyhow, anytime and for anybody.
• Strategic importance of wireless and mobile technology
• Evident trends and need to establish a sound framework and settings for successful m-government
• Purpose: assist governments worldwide for a coherent m-government framework and services
2. Mobile Internet takes off in OECD
Over 500 million mobile broadband subscriptions in the OECD, averaging 42 subscriptions per 100 households (December 2010)
Source: OECD Broadband Portal.
Subs
crip
tions
per
100
inha
bita
nts
Finl
and
Italy
Portu
gal
Austri
a
Luxe
mbo
urg
Estoni
a
Sweden
Germ
any
Czech
Rep
ublic
Nethe
rland
s
Polan
d
Unite
d Kin
gdom
Chile
Greec
e
Switzer
land
Denm
ark
Israe
l
Belgi
um
Irela
nd
Hunga
ry
Norway
Spain
Slova
k Rep
ublic
New Z
eala
nd
OECD (ave
rage
)
Icela
nd
Austra
lia
Slove
nia
Korea
Fran
ce
Japa
n
Unite
d Sta
tes
Turk
ey
Mex
ico
Canad
a
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2G subscriptions 3G subscriptions Total (2G+3G)
Mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
2. …and in developing countries.
Over 300 million mobile broadband subscriptions in developing countries in 2010, more than double the amount one year earlier.
Source: ITU World Telecommunication /ICT Indicators database.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
2007 2008 2009 2010
Subs
crip
tions
per
100
inha
bita
nts
2. Underlying concepts and motivational factors
• Main reasons for the emergence of m-government solutions:– wide acceptance of these technologies
– penetration of mobile devices
– ease of use for the citizens
– easier interoperability
– can bring government closer to citizens and businesses
– m-government services can be cheaper than computer-based services
• Motivational factors...– Better service accessibility, availability, responsiveness, quality
– Service scalability (expanding coverage, size, broadening impact and enhancing organisational sustainability)
– Better stakeholder participation
– Integration, communication, interaction
– Efficiency gains: Reduced costs (operational and fixed)
– Better image and perception
– increased adaptability to future requirements
3. A framework for m-government (the how)
• Establishing an implementation framework...
– Analysis of the business requirements
– Establishment of conceptual architecture principles
– Coherence of the two: business requirements are met with the right solutions and principles are grounded in the business requirements
– Sorting out the challenges from the opportunities: impact (coordination of the strategic, managerial and operational levels) and responses (change or innovation that may need its own managerial process)
• The framework should incorporate the following principles:
• Interoperability
• Security
• Flexibility
• Scalability
• Openness
• Integrity
• transparency
• Alignment with public sector modernisation and integrated service delivery strategy
3. Main challenges...
• Careful analysis of challenges to avoid increasing the gap and creating new inefficiencies:
– Organisational
– Technical
– Financial and economic challenges
– Governance
– Legal and regulatory challenges
• Avoid enforcement but enable access to those who are willing
• Pragmatic strategic planning: Infrastructure strategy, service delivery strategy, organisational change strategy, : end-user (civil servant, citizen, business) and m-enabled solution focus of the planning and not technology
• Transparency
• Linked to use of other new technologies and open government data
3. Future steps for governments
• Technology few steps ahead of socio-economic and usability enablers necessary to make the transition
• Designing and constructing m-government services accepted and used by citizens and businesses : Careful analysis of perceptions and expectation (e.g. trust, self-efficacy in using mobile technology) prototyping, evaluation of services to avoid obsolescence and inefficient use of resources
• Evolutionary approach: small set of high-value services accessible from a range of technologies
• Flexible applications that can be changed with changing needs
• M-applications inclusive and with a national spread: from pilots to national scale projects
• Increased linkages btw hardware and content: linking the hardware to a content delivery platform
• Mid-term perspective and technology trends outlook taken into account
3. Future steps (2)
• Delivering m-government services implies change: habits, fear of the unknown, security and economic factors and civil servants might feel threatened
• Adaptation process needed: education, participation, interpersonal communication, motivation
• Widespread acceptance of mobile technologies in everyday life does not guarantee the acceptance of the technologies for the provision of public services: the risk of low levels of uptake
• Appraising the readiness of the society for m-government: maturity of technology, capacity of service providers, users’ interest
• Partnering with the private sector (capability and availability have reached a more mature status than the one in the public sector)
4. OECD help to formulate policies that leverage the potential (where to go)
• review existing m-government policies, frameworks and initiatives
• assess public sector maturity to deliver results through m-gov
• appraise alignment with other relevant strategies (OGD, E-gov, PS reform)
• help delivering results: – Provide more services with fewer resources
– Emphasis on priority in favour of activities (and not 7/7) to avoid proliferation
– Look at strategic state and social value, not only with a ROI perspective on how m-government enables to economize on the traditional costs of e-government
– Part of a multichannel delivery strategy to ensure appropriate combination of online and offline channels in a ubiquitous manner
– Consider the impact on digital divide
• Part of our digital cities?
For more information email: barbara.ubaldi@oecd.orgor visit our website: http://www.oecd.org/gov/egov
Thank
you!
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