old tensions create a cold war chapter 18: sections 1-2 & 4

OLD TENSIONS CREATE A COLD WAR

Chapter 18: Sections 1-2 & 4

WWII Conferences Refresher

Yalta Conf. ÷ Germ. into 4 sectors; Berlin ÷ into 4 sections Free elections in E. Euro if S.U. gets E. Poland United Nations created = new international

peacekeeping org. Distrust between U.S. & S.U. growing

Potsdam Truman doesn’t tell Stalin about a-bomb Stalin makes more land demands

MIND MAP

Create a mind map (graphic organizer) of what you remember/know about the Cold War (buzz words, leaders, events)

The The Cold WarCold War

Major C.W. Events

Arms RaceBerlin AirliftKorean WarCuban Missile

CrisisBerlin WallSpace RaceVietnam War

Gen. Characteristics of Cold War

U.S. & S.U. = superpowers @ end of WWIIIdeological world domination RIVALRY Leads to regional wars

& tech. competition

2 countries never physically fight each other

U.N. looks to U.S. for help on many occasions = angers S.U. U.S. = history of being

world police for demo. & self-determin.

1945 – 1991 (ends w/ breakup of S.U.)

Arms Race

Competition for most advanced weaponsS.U. tests 1st a-bomb – 1947U.S. tests 1st h-bomb – 1952

** FYI: H-bomb = 67 times the power of “Little Boy”; force of 1 mil. tons of TNT

S.U. tests 1st h-bomb – 1953ICBMs = Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles – 1957 Nuclear missiles

Space Race

East-West Split(a.k.a. “Iron Curtain”)

U.S. (West)New foreign policy = Containment= prevent spread of Comm. – 1946

Truman Doctrine = U.S. will support self determ. for nations - 1947

S.U. (East)Stalin refused free elections & created 7 new Commie. nations - 1946

Cominform = build commie. states (a.k.a. satellite nations)

Marshall Plan

Part of Tru. Doc.

Provide $$ & aid to Euro. nations - 1947 Help rebuild,poverty,econ.

Sent $13 bil. - by 1952

Reduced commie appeal

Berlin Crisis & Airlft – Part 1

G.B., Fr. & U.S. combine sectors of Germ. & Berlin – created West Germ. - 1948 to boost econ. of war-torn Germ.

Stalin paranoid Allies will invade S.U. sector & part of Berlin - creates East Germ. - 1948

S.U. blocks all supplies to Berlin Held city hostage Tried to get Allies to “back down”

cont.

U.S.-led airlift of supplies to hostage-held Berliners = Berlin Airlift Aug. 1948 – May 1949 (327 days) 13,000 lbs. of food/fuel/meds. per day U.S. image = good; S.U. = bad → end blockade

New Tech. = New Strats.

Gov. expands w/NSA = Nat. Security Act – 1947 CIA & NASA created 1955 – CIA began spy

flight missions over S.U.

Reduced army & navy; expanded air force – by 1953

Brinkmanship = use of all force, including nuclear weapons, against any aggressor nation

C.W. became moral crusade against S.U.

Summarize & Highlight

Recap what you have learned about the beginnings of the Cold War and the main ideas of the slides.

Highlight slide titles, key people, key terms, causes/effects of events