old testament: history and structure. the holy bible the word “bible” comes from the greek word...
Post on 05-Jan-2016
217 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Old Testament: History and Structure
The Holy Bible
• The word “Bible” comes from the Greek word
biblia, which means “books”. The Bible is really a
collection or library of many books.
• These books are divided into two main parts, the
Old Testament and the New Testament.
• “Testament” means “covenant or agreement”.
• The Old Covenant is an agreement that God made
with the nation of Israel.
The Holy Bible
● It contains 73 books, 46 (39 main books plus 7 Second Canonical books removed by Protestants) in the Old Testament and 27 in the New Testament
• More than 40 writers over more than 1,500 years.
• It is one book as God inspires it.
• A variety of writings, stories, tales, biographies, poems, and proverbs, but one focus: the message of salvation, carried out by our Lord Jesus Christ.
• We find the crimson line clear in all its books and we notice clearly how the wonderful Divine plan in the Old Testament prepared humanity for salvation and how the events and topics were symbols of the Lord and His work of expiation.
The Old Testament
• The Old Testament tells the history of the people of
Israel.
• This history is based on their faith in the God of
Israel and on their religious life as the people of
God.
• The authors of these books wrote about what God
had done for them as a people and how they were
to worship and obey God in return.
Languages of the Old Testament
• The Old Testament language was Hebrew. Some of the chapters were
written in Aramaic.
• Scripture was translated into Aramaic which was spoken by Jews
people after the exile.
• Hebrew was known as the sacred language. The books of the Old
Testament were written in Hebrew and gradually after the exile the
Scripture was written in Hebrew using the Aramaic alphabet.
• The Hebrew language is written from right to left. They used to write
without leaving space between the words, so it depends on the reader
who knows how to read. Even if there is not enough space to finish
the word on the line, the rest of it will be written in the next line.
Why do I love the Old Testament?
• It is a shadow of the New Testament.
The New Testament was hidden in the
Old Testament.
• It shows me how to live with God.
What does God want from me.
• The characters are awesome!
Why do I struggle with the Old Testament?
Understanding the:– Structure– History
of the Old Testament is Key to understanding and spiritual benefit.
Genes is
Exodus
Levitic us
Num
bers
Deuteronom
y
The Pentateuch (Judaism: Torah)
Joshua
Judges
Ruth
I Sam
uel
II Sam
ue l
I Kings
Nehem
iah
II Kings
Esthe r
Ez ra
I Chronicle s
II Chronicle s
Old Testament History
Job
Psalm
s
Prove rb
s
Eccle siaste s
Son
g of Son
gs
Wisdom and Poetry
Is aiah
Jer emiah
Ezek
ie l
Dan
ie l
Hos ea
Joe l
Am
os
Ob
adiah
Jonah
Micah
Nah
um
Hab
akk
uk
Zep
han
iah
Haggai
Ze ch
ar iah
Malach
i
The Major and Minor Prophets
Matth
ew
Mark
Lu
ke
John
Ac ts of th
e A
pos tles
The Gospels and Acts
Rom
ans
I Cor in
thian
s
II Corin
thian
s
Galatian
s
Ep
hesian
s
Ph
ilipp
ians
Coloss ian
s
I Thes salonians
II The ssa lonians
I Tim
othy
II Tim
ot hy
Titu
s
Ph
ilemon
Heb
rews
James
I Pe te r
II Pete r
I John
II John
II I John
Jud
e
Revelation
Writings of the Apostles
Lam
ent ation
s
The Old Testament
The Law: Major Prophets:
History: Minor Prophets:
Poetry and Wisdom:
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Baruch, Ezekiel, and Daniel.
Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 King, 2 King, 1 Chronicles, 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Tobit, Judith, Esther, 1 Maccabees, and 2 Maccabees.
Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi.
Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, and Wisdom.
The following chart shows the different groups of books that make up the Old Testament.
Books are not placed in chronological order. Many of prophetical and wisdom books take place during periods of historical books
THE BIBLE IS NOT ONE BOOK
But a library of 66 books
Over a period of more than 1,500
years
Written by more than 40 men
30 A.D.
2000 A.D.
1500-1400 B.C.
Moses
Of the 66 books, 39 were written before the birth of Jesus
These 39 are called the
Old TESTAMENT
30 A.D.
2000 A.D.
1500-1400 B.C.
Moses
Moses wrote the first five books of the Bible:
Pentateuch (5 books)
Torah (law)
Books of Moses
GENESIS EXODUS LEVITICUS NUMBERS DEUTERONOMY
The first five books -- look back from the death of Moses -- all the way to the beginning of the world.
GENESIS – Chapters 1-11
• Creation of the world
• First human family
• Spread of evil
• World wide flood
• Division of mankind into nations and languages
GENESIS – chapters 12-50
• God chooses the FATHERS of the future nation of Israel
• Four Generations – grow from 1 couple to 70 people
The Pentateuch
Books 2-5:
EXODUS, LEVITICUS, NUMBERS, DEUTERONOMY
Exodus: deliverance from Egypt and receiving the Covenant
Leviticus: obligations of the Covenant
Numbers: increases laws and time in desert
Deuteronomy: Moses gives meaning of Covenant
The Pentateuch
30 A.D.
2000 A.D.
1400 B.C.
Moses
Creation of world 2500
B.C.
Books 6-17
ARE BOOKS OF HISTORY WRITTEN BY VARIOUS AUTHORS
1400 – 400 B.C.
Possession of their land, the establishment of the kingdom, the captivity and return to their land
400 B.C.
30 A.D.
2000 A.D.
1400 B.C.
Moses
Creation of world 2500
B.C.400 B.C.
Historical Books (6:17)
• Joshua: conquest of the Promised land
• Judges: settlement and survival in the land
• 1st & 2nd Samuel: Israelite’s need for King and coming of Saul and David
• 1st & 2nd Kings: history and fidelity of Kings who followed David down to the end of Jewish Monarchy in 586 BC.
30 A.D.
2000 A.D.
1400 B.C.
Moses
Creation of world 2500
B.C.400 B.C.
Historical Books (6:17)
• 1st & 2nd Chronicles: period from Saul to return from Exile
• Ezra: Emphasizes Jewish piety and the Torah in the face of Hellenism-closes Israel’s openness to mixed marriages-race
• Nehemiah: Rebuilding, Practicality, census, feast of Booths (tents)
30 A.D.
2000 A.D.
1400 B.C.
Moses
Creation of world 2500
B.C.Books 18-22
ARE BOOKS OF POETRY AND WISDOM
Job is about man’s question about suffering
Psalms is a collection of poems put to music
Proverbs is a collection of short wise sayings
Ecclesiastes tells how to live life in a world where all is vanity
Song of Solomon is a poem about true romantic love
400 B.C.
30 A.D.
2000 A.D.
1400 B.C.
Moses
Creation of world 2500
B.C.
Books 23-39
MAJOR AND MINOR PROHETS
Throughout the history of Israel, various prophets predicted that SOMEONE from Israel will one day be a SAVIOR & KING of the world
400 B.C.
Timeline of the Old Testament
• (I) Primeval Period (Genesis 1-11):
Creation, Adam ~ 5500 B.C.
Fall
Enoch
Methuselah, 969 years
Flood, Noah ~ 2500 B.C.
The Tower of Babel, many languages
400 years of scattering
Timeline of the Old Testament
• (II) Patriarchal Period (Genesis 12-50):
Abraham ~ 2000 B.C.
Isaac
Jacob
The 12 tribes
Joseph
Exile (bondage) in Egypt (400 years)
Timeline of the Old Testament
• (III) Exodus (Exodus to Deuteromony):
Moses ~ 1500 B.C.
Exodus from Egypt, Passover ~
1446 B.C.The Law, the
Tabernacle ~ 1445 B.C.Lost in the wilderness
of Sinai (40 years)
Timeline of the Old Testament
• (IV) Conquest of Canaan (Joshua):
Joshua becomes the leader of Israel
Crossing the Jordan
Jericho
Entering and dwelling in Canaan
~ 1406 B.C.
Timeline of the Old Testament
• (V) Judges Period (Judges):
Judges rule over Israel ~ 1375 B.C.
for 400 years
Dark era
Debora, Gideon, Samson, Samuel
Theocratic system
Timeline of the Old Testament
• (VI) Early Monarchy, United Kingdom
(1,2Samuel, 1Kings, 1,2Chronicles):
Samuel
Start: King Saul ~ 1029
Establishment: King David ~ 1000
Start of decline: King Solomon ~ 961-922
Building the temple ~ 959
Timeline of the Old Testament
top related