open access + preprints for scholars and journals
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Open Access + Preprints for Scholars and Journals
Presented by:
About the Creators
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Scholastica
Scholastica is a web-based software platform for managing academic
journals with integrated peer review and open access publishing tools.
Over 400 journals across disciplines use Scholastica to easily manage their peer review and publishing process at
a price they can afford.
scholasticahq.com
Authorea
Authorea is the leading collaborative platform to write, cite, collaborate,
host, and publish research. Founded by two physicists out of CERN,
Authorea aims to accelerate the entire research cycle, from writing to publishing, creating a new platform
for researchers and scientists.
authorea.com
Open Access + Preprints: Journals and scholars take action
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For more information on how scholars and journals can use preprints for OA research dissemination download Scholastica & Authorea’s free eBook.
resources.scholasticahq.com/open-access-publishing-preprints/
Let’s talk about research dissemination
How has access to scholarship changed in the last 350 years?
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Origin of the Formal Scholarly Record
▫ 1st scholarly article published in 1655 in Philosophical Transactions
▫ New publications followed:
▪ The Lancet - 1823
▪ Virchows Archiv - 1847
▫ Increasing volume of academic publications led to formalized peer review system in early 19th century
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From Philosophical Transactions published in 1655 to the modern day
Primary research access model 350+ years to present
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Scholars freely submit research to journals
Accepted articles are published in print and/or online journal
issues
Academics volunteer to peer review research
Scholars freely submitted research to journals
Manuscripts were vetted during an editing process (precursor to formal peer
review)
Accepted articles were published in print issues
1655... 2016
The predominant method of accessing scholarship hasn’t changed much despite the transition to the digital age...
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BUT the cost of access is going up...
In a 2014 exposé, Fields Medalist Timothy Gowers revealed how much universities pay for journals from monolith publisher Elsevier, which now has 30%+ profit margins
http://blog.scholasticahq.com/post/an-infographic-view-of-gowers-s-elsevier-expose/
Revelations of the true cost of access to research, which is often publicly funded, have caused scholars, institutions, and funding
bodies to call for open access.
Some Highlights:
Cost of Knowledge (2012) Inspired by Timothy Gowers’ exposé of Elsevier, over 16k scholars started an author, editor, and reviewer boycott of Elsevier journals.http://www.thecostofknowledge.com/
EU Announces New OA Policy (2016)Science ministers from across the EU called for open access to all research by 2020.http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/05/dramatic-statement-european-leaders-call-immediate-open-access-all-scientific-papers
U.S. Policy for Taxpayer-Funded Research (2013)The U.S. government announced publications from taxpayer-funded research should be free to read after no more than a year’s delay.http://blogs.nature.com/news/2013/02/us-white-house-announces-open-access-policy.html
Funders Call for OA (2016)The Wellcome Trust, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and others urged journals and funding agencies to pledge to make papers on Zika OA.
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/plea-open-science-zika
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Things Are ChangingAs scholars, institutions, and funding bodies speak
up we are seeing more open access research
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“The number of OA research articles published annually is growing at double the rate of
the complete spectrum of research articles.
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Open Access Journal Publishing 2016-2020, Simba
http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/simba-information-open-access-articles-grow-at-twice-the-rate-of-all-published-research-300340548.html
But there’s still work to do...
65 of world’s 100 most cited papers still behind a paywall
Authorea blog: https://www.authorea.com/users/8850/articles/125400/_show_article
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What steps can scholars and academic journal publishers take to make research more
open?
One option scholars have been developing since the 1960s is preprint servers
Preprint servers house copies of pre-publication
manuscripts
Scholars can access research
on preprint servers for free
Scholars upload papers to
preprint servers prior to formal
publication
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● Physicists started experimenting with preprint servers in the 1960s
● Databases in U.S. and Germany housed preprints
● Stanford Linear Accelerator Center developed first preprint computer database SPIRES
https://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/about/
Preprints in the Internet Age
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Following Tim Berners-Lee’s invention of the World Wide Web a central preprint repository to be called the arXiv was developed.
Today there are preprints for virtually all disciplines.
https://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/
Preprints facilitate Green OA around the world
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Green OA =
Scholars deposit their research into a preprint server, institutional repository, or subject repository in order to make a version of it OA.
Benefits of preprints for scholars
▫ Give scholars working on time-sensitive projects a way to communicate their research while undergoing peer review
▫ Can serve as a way for scholars to establish priority over a particular research discovery or method
▫ Ensure that an OA version of scholars’ work will be available regardless of where they formally publish
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5 Ways to Use Preprints to Make Research OA
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1. Check preprint policies at journals to which you’re considering submitting
2. Use collaborative writing tools like Authorea to write and post preprints
3. Share your preprints with colleagues via social media and email to solicit feedback
4. Educate and encourage others to share their work openly
Authorea article draft view
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How do preprints fit into the academic journal publishing
landscape?
Journals can facilitate research access by encouraging Green OA via preprints
▫ Make clear OA policies accessible on journal website
▫ Provide specific preprint policies that meet funder requirements and are reasonable to the academic community
▫ Apply Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to all articles, so scholars can link the different versions of their work
▫ Provide journal and article level OA licensing terms to clarify any differences at either level
▫
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Journals developing preprint publishing
models
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Overlay journals like Discrete Analysis publish via preprints
In the overlay model journal editors vet submissions, coordinate peer review, and then, rather than publishing accepted articles in an issue, republish final versions to a preprint server along with a DOI.
Discrete Analysis was launched by Timothy Gowers and a team of colleagues in 2015. It is managed and hosted on Scholastica.
http://discreteanalysisjournal.com/
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Discrete Analysis offers readers a modern journal browsing experience by connecting a user-friendly website hosted on Scholastica to arXiv. The journal accepts arXiv submissions and coordinate peer review via Scholastica.
Article show page: http://discreteanalysisjournal.com/
What’s next for preprints?We’d love to hear what you think! Reach us on
Twitter at:
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@scholasticahq @authorea
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