open source software for libraries
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Open Source Open Source Software for LibrariesSoftware for Libraries
Issues for Large Scale Issues for Large Scale librarieslibraries
Marshall BreedingMarshall BreedingDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchVanderbilt UniversityVanderbilt Universityhttp://staffweb.library.vanderbilt.edu/breedinghttp://www.librarytechnology.org/
Library and Archives CanadaDecember 7, 2007
Open Source Open Source SoftwareSoftware
Broad TrendsBroad Trends
IT InfrastructureIT Infrastructure
LinuxLinux ApacheApache
– LuceneLucene– SolrSolr
MySqlMySql PostgreSQLPostgreSQL
Apache FoundationApache Foundation The Apache Software Foundation provides The Apache Software Foundation provides
support for the Apache community of open-support for the Apache community of open-source software projects. The source software projects. The Apache projectsApache projects are characterized by a are characterized by a collaborative, consensus based development collaborative, consensus based development process, an open and pragmatic software process, an open and pragmatic software license, and a desire to create high quality license, and a desire to create high quality software that leads the way in its field. We software that leads the way in its field. We consider ourselves not simply a group of consider ourselves not simply a group of projects sharing a server, but rather a projects sharing a server, but rather a community of developers and users.community of developers and users.
http://www.apache.org/http://www.apache.org/
Web Server deploymentWeb Server deployment
Source: Netcraft www.netcraft.com
Operating System Market Operating System Market ShareShare
IDC figures for OS on new server IDC figures for OS on new server shipments 3Q 2007:shipments 3Q 2007:
Windows Server: Windows Server: 67.1% 67.1% Linux: Linux: 22.8% 22.8%
– Slight gain for Windows/loss for Linux Slight gain for Windows/loss for Linux over previous quarterover previous quarter
TrendsTrends
Open Source Software well Open Source Software well established in for general IT established in for general IT infrastructureinfrastructure
Linux emerging as the dominant Linux emerging as the dominant flavor of Unixflavor of Unix
Commercial options continue to Commercial options continue to prosperprosper
Open Source Library Open Source Library SoftwareSoftware
(non-ILS)(non-ILS)
General Infrastructure General Infrastructure ComponentsComponents
Index DataIndex Data– YAZ toolkitYAZ toolkit
Z39.50Z39.50 SRU/WSRU/W
– Zebra XML Search EngineZebra XML Search Engine– MetaproxyMetaproxy
““metasearching proxy front end server for metasearching proxy front end server for integrating access to multiple back-end integrating access to multiple back-end Z39.50-compliant databases”Z39.50-compliant databases”
Open source software from Open source software from OCLCOCLC
http://www.oclc.org/research/softwarhttp://www.oclc.org/research/software/e/
Several OAI utilitiesSeveral OAI utilities– OAIcatOAIcat– OAIHarvesterOAIHarvester
SRU/WSRU/W OpenURL 1.0OpenURL 1.0 Pears: text storage and indexingPears: text storage and indexing
Digital Repository Digital Repository ApplicationsApplications
FedoraFedora
Open source digital repository engineOpen source digital repository engine Not an out-of-the-box solutionNot an out-of-the-box solution
– Many organizations have developed Many organizations have developed their own interfaces and applications their own interfaces and applications built on top of Fedorabuilt on top of Fedora
VTLS Vital product based on FedoraVTLS Vital product based on Fedora Supported by Fedora CommonsSupported by Fedora Commons
– http://www.fedora-commons.org/http://www.fedora-commons.org/
DspaceDspace
Institutional Repository ApplicationInstitutional Repository Application Originally developed by Hewlett Originally developed by Hewlett
Packard and MITPackard and MIT http://www.dspace.orghttp://www.dspace.org Widely deployed by Universities for Widely deployed by Universities for
institutional repository projectsinstitutional repository projects
KeystoneKeystone
Developed by Index DataDeveloped by Index Data Open source digital repository Open source digital repository
applicationapplication– Digital content managementDigital content management– Federated searchFederated search– OAI harvestingOAI harvesting– Link resolver servicesLink resolver services
LibraryFindLibraryFind
Open source federated searchOpen source federated search Built-in OpenURL resolverBuilt-in OpenURL resolver 3-teired caching 3-teired caching Customizable interfaceCustomizable interface Developed by the University of Developed by the University of
Oregon LibrariesOregon Libraries
Open source Open source discovery productsdiscovery products
Aka: Next Generation Aka: Next Generation CatalogsCatalogs
VUFind – Villanova VUFind – Villanova UniversityUniversity
Based on Apache Solr search Based on Apache Solr search toolkittoolkit
http://www.vufind.org/http://www.vufind.org/
eXtensible CatalogeXtensible Catalog
University of Rochester – River Campus University of Rochester – River Campus LibrariesLibraries
Financial support from the Andrew W. Financial support from the Andrew W. Mellon FoundationMellon Foundation
http://www.extensiblecatalog.info/http://www.extensiblecatalog.info/– Just received a second round of funding from Just received a second round of funding from
MellonMellon $283,000 (April 2006)$283,000 (April 2006) $749,000 (October 2007)$749,000 (October 2007)
– Wider institutional participationWider institutional participation
Fac-Back-OPAC Fac-Back-OPAC
Initially developed Dan Scott Initially developed Dan Scott Laurentian University Laurentian University
Further work by Casey Durfee at the Further work by Casey Durfee at the Seattle Public LibrarySeattle Public Library
Based on:Based on:– MARCXMLMARCXML– SolrSolr– Django (Python-based Web application Django (Python-based Web application
framework)framework)
Open Source in the Open Source in the ILS arenaILS arena
Products and trendsProducts and trends
Koha: first Open Source ILSKoha: first Open Source ILS
Koha + Index Data Zebra = Koha Koha + Index Data Zebra = Koha ZOOMZOOM
Components:Components:– PerlPerl– ApacheApache– MySqlMySql– Zebra: search engine option for larger Zebra: search engine option for larger
installationsinstallations
Libraries using KohaLibraries using Koha ~300 (mostly small) libraries~300 (mostly small) libraries
Horowhenua Library TrustHorowhenua Library Trust Nelsonville Public LibraryNelsonville Public Library
– Athens County, OHAthens County, OH Crawford County Federated Library SystemCrawford County Federated Library System
– 10 Libraries in PA10 Libraries in PA Howard County, MDHoward County, MD
– Service area population: Service area population: 266300266300 – 4.7 million circulation transactions in 20064.7 million circulation transactions in 2006– 1 million volumes1 million volumes
Central Kansas Library SystemCentral Kansas Library System Near East University LibraryNear East University Library
– 1.5 million volumes1.5 million volumes
KohaKoha
EvergreenEvergreen
Developed by the Georgia Public Developed by the Georgia Public Library ServiceLibrary Service
Small development teamSmall development team June 2004 – development beginsJune 2004 – development begins Sept 5, 2006 – live productionSept 5, 2006 – live production Streamlined environment: single Streamlined environment: single
shared implementation, all libraries shared implementation, all libraries follow the same policies, one library follow the same policies, one library cardcard
Libraries using EvergreenLibraries using Evergreen
Georgia PINESGeorgia PINES– http://gapines.orghttp://gapines.org
260 libraries in Georgia260 libraries in Georgia– Does not include municipal systems: Atlanta-Does not include municipal systems: Atlanta-
Fulton County, Cobb CountyFulton County, Cobb County Province of British Columbia in Canada – Province of British Columbia in Canada –
Northern PINESNorthern PINES Experimental evaluationExperimental evaluation
– King County Library System in WA state.King County Library System in WA state. Under consideration by academic Under consideration by academic
libraries in Canadalibraries in Canada
EvergreenEvergreen
Learning Access ILSLearning Access ILS
Learning Access InstituteLearning Access Institute Turnkey Open Source ILSTurnkey Open Source ILS Designed for underserved rural Designed for underserved rural
public librariespublic libraries http://www.learningaccess.orghttp://www.learningaccess.org
LearningAccess ILSLearningAccess ILS
SCOOLSSCOOLS
South Central Organization of South Central Organization of (School) Libraries(School) Libraries
consortium of K-12 school libraries in consortium of K-12 school libraries in NYNY
Koha derivativeKoha derivative Supported by Media FlexSupported by Media Flex
SCOOLSSCOOLS
Commercial Commercial Involvement Involvement
Companies formed to support Companies formed to support open source library productsopen source library products
The Open Source FrontThe Open Source Front Index DataIndex Data
– Founded 1994; No ILS; A variety of other open source Founded 1994; No ILS; A variety of other open source products to support libraries: search engines, federated products to support libraries: search engines, federated search, Z39.50 toolkit, etcsearch, Z39.50 toolkit, etc
LibLimeLibLime– Founded 2005. Provides development and support Founded 2005. Provides development and support
services for Koha ILS. Acquired original developers of services for Koha ILS. Acquired original developers of Koha in Feb 2007.Koha in Feb 2007.
Equinox. Equinox. – Founded Feb 2007; staff formerly associated with GPLS Founded Feb 2007; staff formerly associated with GPLS
Pines development teamPines development team Care AffiliatesCare Affiliates
– Founded June 2007; headed by industry veteran Carl Founded June 2007; headed by industry veteran Carl Grant.Grant.
LibLimeLibLime
Small private company formed in early Small private company formed in early 20052005
Devoted to support of Koha and other open Devoted to support of Koha and other open source softwaresource software
Launched by individuals involved with the Launched by individuals involved with the Koha implementation at the Nelsonville Koha implementation at the Nelsonville Public LibraryPublic Library
Recently acquired the Koha activities of Recently acquired the Koha activities of Katipo Communications (Feb 2007)Katipo Communications (Feb 2007)
Total of 9-10 FTETotal of 9-10 FTE
Equinox SoftwareEquinox Software
Small companySmall company Devoted to facilitating libraries implement Devoted to facilitating libraries implement
Evergreen the open source ILS developed for Evergreen the open source ILS developed for PINESPINES
Launched by individuals related to the Launched by individuals related to the development and implementation of Evergreen development and implementation of Evergreen at the Georgia Public Library Systemat the Georgia Public Library System
Contracts to GPLS and other libraries for the Contracts to GPLS and other libraries for the ongoing development and support of ongoing development and support of EvergreenEvergreen
Care AffiliatesCare Affiliates
Recently formed company to provide Recently formed company to provide support for Open Source library support for Open Source library automation products.automation products.
Carl Grant – Former COO of VTLS, Carl Grant – Former COO of VTLS, President of Ex Libris (USA), President of Ex Libris (USA), Innovative Interfaces, DRA, etc.Innovative Interfaces, DRA, etc.
Other Open Source Other Open Source Development effortsDevelopment efforts
Andrew W. Mellon foundationAndrew W. Mellon foundation Sponsoring project to design/build an Sponsoring project to design/build an
enterprise level automation system enterprise level automation system for libraries in higher educationfor libraries in higher education
Effort will be led by Duke UniversityEffort will be led by Duke University
Open Source AlternativesOpen Source Alternatives
Explosive interest in Open Source driven Explosive interest in Open Source driven by disillusionment with current vendorsby disillusionment with current vendors
Beginning to emerge as a practical optionBeginning to emerge as a practical option TOC (Total Cost of Ownership) still roughly TOC (Total Cost of Ownership) still roughly
equal to proprietary commercial modelequal to proprietary commercial model Open Source still a risky AlternativeOpen Source still a risky Alternative Commercial/Proprietary options also a riskCommercial/Proprietary options also a risk
Open source ILS Open source ILS BenchmarksBenchmarks
Most decisions to adopt Open Source ILS Most decisions to adopt Open Source ILS based on philosophical reasonsbased on philosophical reasons
Open Source ILS will enter the main stream Open Source ILS will enter the main stream once its products begin to win through once its products begin to win through objective procurement processesobjective procurement processes– Hold open source ILS to the same standards as the Hold open source ILS to the same standards as the
commercial productscommercial products– Hold the open source ILS companies to the same Hold the open source ILS companies to the same
standards:standards: Adequate customer support ratios, financial stability, Adequate customer support ratios, financial stability,
service level agreements, etc.service level agreements, etc. Well-document total cost of ownership Well-document total cost of ownership
statements that can be compared to other statements that can be compared to other vendor price quotesvendor price quotes
Open Source Market shareOpen Source Market share
Open Source ILS implementations still a Open Source ILS implementations still a very small percentage of the total picturevery small percentage of the total picture
Initial set of successful implementations Initial set of successful implementations will likely serve as a catalyst to pave the will likely serve as a catalyst to pave the way for othersway for others
Successful implementations in wider range Successful implementations in wider range of libraries:of libraries:– State-wide consortium (Evergreen)State-wide consortium (Evergreen)– Multi-site public library systems (Koha)Multi-site public library systems (Koha)– School district consortia (OPALS-NA)School district consortia (OPALS-NA)
Open Source perspectiveOpen Source perspective
Developer community still fairly small Developer community still fairly small relative to that in place for relative to that in place for infrastructure components (Linux, infrastructure components (Linux, Apache, etc)Apache, etc)
Are existing systems ready for large-Are existing systems ready for large-scale enterprise implementations?scale enterprise implementations?
Functionality not yet in place for Functionality not yet in place for complex libraries?complex libraries?– Yet to break into ARL library arenaYet to break into ARL library arena
Enterprise operability?Enterprise operability?
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