opening task

• Identify the events you learned about in the Moderate Phase on the timeline that I provided to you on Handout 2a!!!

OpeningTask

• Chronicle the events of the Moderate Phase of the French Rev

• Analyze the PERSIAGM effects of the French Revolution on Europe

1. Moderate Phase (National/Legislative Assembly) 1789-1791– France becomes a

Constitutional Monarchy

2. Radical Phase 1792-1794– Reign of Terror

3. The Directory 1795-1799

4. Age of Napoleon 1799-1815

G = Gov action FM = French Mob action

1. Great Fear starts after Bastille Day (FM)2. NA writes Dec Rights of Man in S-1789 (G)3. Women’s March on Versailles in S-1789 (FM)4. NA takes power from Clergy (G)5. June 1791, Louis XVI caught fleeing France (G)6. Constitution of 1791 (G)

Legislative Assembly made (EG-NA-LA)

7. War begins when France reacts to Declaration of Pillnitz (G)8. Great Fear inside from 1789-1792 gets worse and worse (FM)

• King has no answers for bankruptcy scare…hmm

• His next action will open the door to revolution that he won’t be able to close

• Estates General in 1788– Jacques Necker, Nobles

and Bourgeois ask for the EG to be called

– Hasn’t met in 175 years!!!• Cahiers are created in

early 1789– Each estate throughout

France makes one to send to the Estates General

– What is a Cahier?– Everyone gets in on this!!!

• Clergy’s Grievances– True monarchy kept

• Upholds law• Laws must be made with

his consent– Estates General should

exist too • King has right to call it…• at least every 5 years• Vote by order/head?

– No tax w/o consent of nation

– Every citizen has sacred right to personal liberty and to property…

• Nobility’s Grievances– Personal Liberties (person &

property)• Writ of Habeas Corpus, Trial,

Speech and Press (w/except)– Taxes = only w/consent– One code of laws for all– National Education for all– Constitution should be made

that makes indissolvable EG• EG has Leg power…• King = ???

– Military oath should be to king and…

• 3rd Estate Grievances– No nobility…No Serfdom– Rights…Writ of Habeas Corpus– Taxes…should be for the good of the country

• Corvee (peasant chores) & banalite (peasant dues) OUT• All should be taxed• Taille replaced with land tax!! (salt tax )

– Justice System be reformed• Merit system and positions for all

– Military Reform• Nobles are not exempt from service• Joining should be voluntary

– Old Privileges eliminated• Hunting rights extended

• 1st Estate/Order = 300 Members (some liberal)

• 2nd Estate/Order = 300 Members (some liberal)

• 3rd Estate/Order = 600 Members (most are lib)

• Big Issue is?– Vote by

• Order• Head

• Break off the EG and become…– National Assembly

• “we are majority”• “we represent France”

• What else does the NA do?– Invites other 2 estates to

join…do they join?

• To make a Constitution

• What does Louis XVI do? –Tries to lock them

out of their meeting hall

• What does the NA do?

• What gives them the right?• What don’t they have? What can Louis XVI do

to them?• Who bails them out?

• When?– July 14, 1789

• What causes it? (2)– Rumors of French army coming!!!!!!!!– Jacques Necker fired

• French mob reacts to rumors– Goes to Bastille for ammo– Mob takes over fort– Tons of Bloodshed

• Sans-Culottes– Working poor

of 3rd estate– Urban– Very Radical– Large % of

population in Paris

– “Mad as hell and...”

• Think PERSIAGM– Royal Power looks

weak• Louis XVI does

NOTHING– National Assembly is

saved…• sword bails out pen

• What happened?

• Who are they?• Why did they leave?• When they escape

to surrounding countries, what do they do?

• What do they want?

• What is its impact??• How will other European

Monarchs feel? How will they react?– Close borders– Control their “3rd estates”– Plot to help Louis XVI

• Especially Austria…why?

• Moderates (in charge) make – National Guard

• Protest groups• Political Clubs…• Newspapers

– Jean Paul Marat’s “The Friend of the People”• Will tell Sans-culotte what to do• Literary Terrorist

• What actions did they perform in unison?

• National Assembly from 1789 to 1791– EG-NA-LA-NC

• Mob revolts push NA to act fast

• First big action by NA is…– August 4 1789 =

____________is abolished

– Nobles lose tax and legal privileges

• Completed Late August 1789

• Modeled after…?• Pair Work…• Big proclamations?

– Protect natural rights– Equality– Any French man can

hold office– Fairer taxes– Freedom of Speech,

Press, Religion• Problems w/ Dec?

• Not accepting the reforms

• Plans to retake Paris from NA and Radicals

• Thinks Palace of Versailles protects him…ha!!!

• Bread for starving children

• Marie Antoinette’s blood!! (Louis too)– Why?

• Hated Marie for being a symbol of extravagance

• Details of it?–1st estate loses…

• • Power…how?

• Reaction to it?–RC Church is

MAD!!!• Why is this a big

deal?

• It will last for less than 1 year!!

• Type of Gov Created…– 3 branches

• National Assembly (NA) is now called…– Legislative Assembly (LA)

• One chamber Leg...• King = ???

• Who could vote?• Rights?

• Think Pyramid…who made it?– Bourgeois (Lawyers)

and Nobles• Only taxpaying male

citizens vote• Few men are eligible

for LA• Nobles get back land

from peasants

• But this 1st Constitution is already threatened before it is done!– Louis XVI…– External

Enemies…– LA is splitting

• NA does not promise Constitution will keep him as King

• Marie Antoinette = Secret Agent• Flee on June 20, 1791• Goal of this journey?• Axel von Fersen leads the

escape!!!• Royal family disguised as

servants• Halfway through trip, Louis

makes von Fersen leave…why?

• Stopped close to Belgian (Why Belgium?) border

• Royalist troops come to HELP HIM

• Louis chooses not to have armed conflict and waits

• National Assembly orders him to be returned

Left = Mountain (Libs/Radicals)

Center = Girondins (Moderates)

Right = Conservatives or Royalists

-Sans-culottes supported them-mostly middle class lawyers-Biggest group-growing in power

-Wrote the Constitution-want moderate change

-Want the country to go back to the old absolute monarchy

• Led by Maximilien Robespierre, George Danton and journalist Jean-Paul Marat

• Made Late August 1791

• Made by…– Austrian

Emperor Leopold II

– Prussian King Frederick William II

• What did it say? What did it NOT say?

• Overzealous Legislative Assembly reacts– France declares war

on Austria in April 1792– Then Prussia– Then GB