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Operational Landing DistancesImplementing TALPA ARC

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

Presented byLars KORNSTAEDT / Performance Expert, Airbus Flight Operations Support

Winter Operations Conference – Montreal October 5-6, 2011

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Contents

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1

Runway Assessment Matrix2

Performance3

Implementation by Airbus4

Conclusion5

Page 2

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FAA TALPA ARC

Slide 321-24 March 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Page 3

May 2011

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TALPA ARC Concepts

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Page 4Page 4

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• Attempt to maintain runways “bare and dry”• Make observations

• As accurately as possible• As frequently as required

• Report• Runway Codes by thirds of runway length• Contamination from 10%, then in 25% steps• PiReps• No measured friction values (downgrade only)

• Close runway• One report of “Nil” condition• Two consecutive reports of “Poor” condition

Slide 5

Rules for Airports

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

• Publish Operational Landing Distances• “Minimum” Compliance with new principles

• Cover all 6 friction levels• Accountability for

• Temperature effect• Runway slope effect• Approach speed increment effect

• Rule to be retroactive

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Rules for Manufacturers

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Rules for Operators - Dispatch

Existing dispatch requirements

• Dry runway RLD dry = 1.67 ALD dry• Wet RLD wet = 1.92 ALD dry• Conta max of RLD wet

RLD conta = 1.15 ALD conta

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Rules for Operators – in-Flight

• Systematic Landing Performance computation in approach

• Exemptions

• Dispatch to same dry runway under same conditions

• Dispatch to same wet grooved runway under same conditions

• 15% Safety Margin

1.15 x OLD = Factored OLD (FOLD) ≤ LDA

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

• Except in case of in flight failures or emergencies wet grooved

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Rules for Operators - Use of Automation

• Automatic Landing• Increments to airborne distance as required

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

• Automatic Braking• If FOLD manual ≤ LDA

• And if OLD a/brk ≤ LDAthen FOLD a/brk > LDA allowed

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Contents

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1

Runway Assessment Matrix2

Performance3

Implementation by Airbus4

Conclusion5

Page 10

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Purpose of Runway Condition Reporting

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Contaminant Type and Depth

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Friction Measurement

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Pilot Braking Action Report

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

FAA TALPA ARC – Runway Assessment Matrix

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

Code

2

Runway Contaminant

Greater than 1/8” of:•Water•Slush

Mu (µ)

~29-21µ

Deceleration and DirectionalControl Observation

Brake deceleration andcontrollability is between

Medium and Poor.Potential for hydroplaning

exists.

PiRep

Mediumto

PoorDOWNGRADE

ONLY

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

•Always start assessment with contaminant type anddepth

•Use additional information to• Degrade to lower friction code• Never upgrade

•Careful with friction reports• May be optimistic on fluid contaminants

•Do not hesitate to request additional informationfrom ATC

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

Procedure

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Examples

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

Compact SnowBraking Action Medium

Wet in Heavy RainStorm Cells above Airport

Dry Snow over Ice,Braking Action Medium

Compact SnowOAT 1ºC Dewpoint 1ºC

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Contents

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1

Runway Assessment Matrix2

Performance3

Implementation by Airbus4

Conclusion5

Page 18

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Definition of Operational Landing Distance

• Realistic airborne part

• 6 braking performance levels• Labelled by Reported Braking Action (RBA)• Good, Medium, Poor and intermediates• Matrix becomes compulsory point of entry

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

• All relevant parameters considered• Pressure altitude• Planned approach speed• Outside temperature and wind• Runway slope• Reverse thrust use

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

6 friction levels

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

20m/s 40m/s 60m/s 80m/s 100m/s

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Landing Distance Definitions

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Page 21

50ft

TouchdownVTD

ThresholdVAPP

Airborne Distance

µBSpray ImpingementDrag Aquaplaning

Displacement Drag

• ALD – Actual Landing Distance• RLD – Required Landing Distance (Dispatch) = ALD x FDISPATCH

• OLD – Operational Landing Distance• FOLD – Factored Operational Landing Distance = OLD x 1.15

Ground DistanceFull Stop

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Landing Distances: Legacy vs. TALPA ARC

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Page 22

Air GroundMargin

ALD

OLD FOLD

DRYDRY

WETGOOD

COMPACTED SNOWGOOD TO MEDIUM

SLUSHMEDIUM TO POOR

STANDING WATERMEDIUM TO POOR

ICEPOOR

500m 1000m 1500m 2000m 2500m 3000m

BOTH BASED ON MAX BRAKING FROM TOUCHDOWN

LOOSE SNOWMEDIUM

NO CURRENT STANDARD

RLD

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A320 in Tegucigalpa / Honduras MHTG/TGU RWY 02

LDA 5410ft / 1649m

Elevation 3287ft

CONF FULL / VREF+5 / no wind / OAT 20ºC

LW

Dry 64.5t

Wet 59.9t

Standing Water 53.8t

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Page 23

Limited by MLW / Dispatch

OLD FOLD

Dry 1330m 1520m (no rev)

Good 1600m 1830m (all rev)

Med to Poor 1910m 2200m (all rev)

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Contents

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Introduction to FAA TALPA ARC1

Runway Assessment Matrix2

Performance3

Implementation by Airbus4

Conclusion5

Page 24

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Rulemaking Update

May 2011Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

Page 25

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

21-24 March 201117th Flight Safety Conference

Page 26

Airbus Implementation Schedule

May 2011

Page 26

Airbus Rolls Out the Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

• For all Airbus aircraft• At least “Minimum Compliance” with new principles

• Cover all 6 friction levels• Accountability for

• Temperature effect• Runway slope effect• Approach speed increment effect

• All Performance data sources• Flight Ops Engineer Software• Flight Manual• Operational Documentation• Electronic Flight Bag• Training Material

Operational Landing Distances

OLD Implementation by Airbus

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Operational Documentation - QRH

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

EFB Landing Application

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

EFB Landing Application

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

EFB Landing Application

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Conclusion

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

• Airbus adopts TALPA ARC standard for in-flight landingperformance

• Realistic computation basis for all winter runway conditions

• In current environment, pilot must compensate for non yetcompliant Runway Condition Reporting

• Major safety improvement requires

© AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.

Winter OperationsConference 2011Operational Landing Distances

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