organizational change resistance
Post on 29-Jan-2018
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Functional Resistance:
• critically assess whether change will lead to improvements
• exploring the personal consequences of change.
• feelings of regret, anxiety or fear to a previous history of non-disclosure and poor working relations.
Dysfunctional Resistance:
• avoiding dealing with urgent and pressing issues
• declining to work on what really needs to be done.
• blaming and criticising without proposing alternatives
• sabotaging change
• non-collaboration with others.
Signs of Resistance: Active
Being critical
Finding fault
Ridiculing
Appealing to fear
Using facts selectively
Blaming or accusing
Sabotaging
Intimidating or threatening
Manipulating
Distorting facts
Blocking
Undermining
Starting rumours
Arguing
Signs of Resistance: Passive
Agreeing verbally but not following through (“malicious compliance”)
Failing to implement change
Procrastinating or dragging one’s feet
Feigning ignorance
Withholding information, suggestions, help, or support
Standing by and allowing change to fail
• Ignorance: a failure to understand the situation or the problem
• Mistrust: motives for change are considered suspicious
• Disbelief: a feeling that the way forward will not work
• “Power-Cut”: a fear that sources of influence and control will be eroded.
• Loss: change has unacceptable personal costs
• Inadequacy: the benefits from the change are not seen as sufficient
• Anxiety: fear of being unable to cope with the new situation.
• Comparison: the way forward is disliked because an alternative is preferred
• Demolition: change threatens the destruction of existing social networks.
Resistance to Change
Forms of Resistance to Change
Overt and immediate
• Voicing complaints, engaging in job actions
Implicit and deferred
• Loss of employee loyalty and motivation, increased
errors or mistakes, increased absenteeism
Sources of Individual Resistance to Change
Sources of Organizational Resistance to Change
Overcoming Resistance To Change
Overcoming Resistance to Change
• Tactics for dealing with resistance to change:
• Education and communication
• Participation
• Facilitation and support
• Negotiation
• Manipulation and cooptation
• Selecting people who accept change
• Coercion
Managing Resistance
• A “Situational” Approach:– this proposes six methods for managing resistance that should be
chosen based on contextual factors.
Method Context
Education & Communication resistance is due to lack of information
Participation & Involvement Resistance is a reaction to a sense of
exclusion from the process
Facilitation & Support Resistance is due to anxiety and
uncertainty
Negotiation & Agreement Resistors in a strong position to
undermine the change process
Manipulation & Cooperation Other methods are too time consuming
or resource demanding
Explicit & Implicit Coercion Change recipients have little capacity to
resist; survival of the org. is at risk
without the change
Images of Managing Change
Images Perspective on Resistance to Change
Director Resistance signifies that not everyone is on board with the change
program. Managerial skills can be acquired to overcome this.
Navigator Resistance is expected and represents different interests within
the organization. It should be overcome but this is not always
possible.
Caretaker Resistance is short-lived and change will occur regardless of
attempts to stop it.
Coach Resistance is to be expected and managers need to show others
that the resistance does not promote effective teamwork.
Interpreter Resistance occurs when the change is not interpreted well or
understood. The manager’s role is to clarify the meaning of
change.
Nurturer Resistance is irrelevant to whether the change will occur.
Resistance is a matter of guesswork by the resistor.
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