overview of the hungarian implementation and practical experiences related to weee
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21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Overview of the Hungarian
implementation and practical experiences
related to WEEE
INFRA workshop in Sofia21-22 July 2009
Viktória Dezső – RTP expert
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/weee/index_en.htm
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Outline
• Basic definitions• EU & Hungarian legal framework• Overview of the Hungarian system• Challenges• Concluding remarks
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Basic definitions
• producer and distributor/retailer• recipient• product fee (tax type of product
charge and it is partly reimbursed if certain targets are met)
• co-ordinating company• WEEE from private households• historical waste
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
§ Hungarian Legal background (1) §
Waste Electrical and Electronical Equipment
• governmental decree on take-back obligation of EEE (264/2004)
• ministerial decree on treatment requirements of WEEE (15/2004)
• ministerial decree on restriction of use of certain hazardous substances in EEE (16/2004)
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
§ Hungarian Legal background (2) §
closely relating to WEEE
• governmental decree on treatment requirements of hazardous waste (98/2001)
• governmental decree on registration and administration obligations regarding waste (164/2003)
• ministerial decree on the waste register (EWC – European Waste Catalogue) (16/2001)
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Problems with interpretation
• In the EWC there are two options for WEEE:– Hazardous EWC 16 02 13* and 20 01 35*– Non-hazardous EWC 16 02 14 and 20 01
36
• Transportation of WEEE– from the take-back or collection place to
the waste treatment place the WEEE is considered as non-hazardous waste
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Target & Deadlines• According to 2002/96/EC directive article 5
(5) by 31 December 2006 separate collection of at least 4 kg/capita /year on an average of WEEE from households should be achieved.
• With 2004/312/EC Council Decision CZ, EST, HU, LV, LT, SK received an extension by 24 months. => deadline 31 December 2008
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Targets & Deadlines for collection
2005 2006 2007 2008WEEE needs to be collected (thousand tons)
10 18 30 421.Large household appliances 9 % 18 % 28 % 36 %2. Small household appliances 5 % 10 % 15 % 19 %3. IT & teleccomm.equipment 9 % 17 % 26 % 35 %4. Consumer equipment 9 % 17 % 25 % 33 %5. Lighting equipment/lamps operating on the princ. of gas discharge
1/0 % 2/0 % 4/1 % 5/1 %6. Electrical and electronic tools 1 % 2 % 4 % 5 %7. Toys, leisure & sport equipment 0 % 0 % 1 % 1 %
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Targets & Deadlines for collection
2009 20101.Large household appliances 38 % 39 %2. Small household appliances 20 % 20 %3. IT & teleccomm.equipment 37 % 37 %4. Consumer equipment 35 % 35 %5. Lighting equipment/lamps operating on the princ. of gas discharge
5/30 % 5/30 %6. Electrical and electronic tools 5 % 5 %7. Toys, leisure & sport equipment 5 % 5 %9. Monitoring and control instrument 5 % 5 %10. Automatic dispensers 5 % 5 %
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Targets & Deadlines for recycling & recovery
2005 2006 2007 2008Category of electrical and electronic equipment
R-rate recovery rate R-rate recover
y rate R-rate recovery rate
R-rate
recovery rate
1. Large household appliances 20% 19% 40% 38% 60% 56% 80% 75%
2. Small household appliances 18% 13% 35% 25% 53% 38% 70% 50%
3. IT and telecomm. equipment 19% 16% 38% 33% 56% 49% 75% 65%
4. Consumer equipment 19% 16% 38% 33% 56% 49% 75% 65%5. Lighting equipment 18% 13% 35% 25% 53% 38% 70% 50%5. a) Lamps operating on the principle of gas discharge
20% 20% 40% 40% 60% 60% 80% 80%
6. Electrical and electronic tools 18% 13% 35% 25% 53% 38% 70% 50%
7. Toys, leisure and sport equipment 18% 13% 35% 25% 53% 38% 70% 50%
8. Medical devices - - - - - - - -9. Monitoring and controlling instruments 18% 13% 35% 25% 53% 38% 70% 50%
10. Automatic dispensers 20% 19% 40% 38% 60% 56% 80% 75%
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Who is responsible for what? (1)
At National level• Government → issues legislation• Ministry for E&W → issues legislation, writes
and sends the report to the EC• National Environmental, Nature Protection and
Water Chief Inspectorate → registers the producers, co-ordinating companies→ checks the producers’ compliance (fulfilment of the various obligations)→ imposes waste management fine→ obliged to process the provided data until 1 Sept.
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Who is responsible for what? (2)
At Regional and Local level• Regional Environmental, Nature Protection
and Water Inspectorates (10) → take care fulfilling the various obligations in case the obligor fail to do that→ issue permits for WEEE treatment→ inspect WEEE treatment facilities→ impose waste management fine
• Local municipalities → organise public service for waste collection
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Who is responsible for what? (3)
• Producers→ take back the waste from EEE and the historical
waste (take-back obligation) without any fee!→ collect WEEE at least according to the minimum
specified rates (collection obligation)→ recycle and recover the collected WEEE at least
according to the minimum specified rates (recycling obligation)
→ provide proper disposal for the rest (disposal obligation)
→ inform the retailer and consumer about the take-back and collection obligation (information obligation)
→ have a permit from the competent environmental authority to operate independent collecting site
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Who is responsible for what? (4)
•Retailers/Distributors→ take back the used EEE without any
fee!→ can pay an incentive to the consumer→hand over to the WEEE to the producer
according to the marketing contract→ can reject the take back obligation in
case of the contamination of the WEEE
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Financial aspects•Producer→ has to finance the costs of taking
back, collecting, recycling, recovery and disposal
•Owner→ has to pay the costs of a non-
household WEEE
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
§ Hungarian Legal background (3) §
Relating to
Electrical and Electronical Equipment
• Environmental Product Fee Act (1995)• its complementary decrees on the
implementation
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
€ Product fee examples (1) €
Scope of products with product fee obligation EUR/kgLarge household appliances except f or f ridges 0.30Small household appliances 0.30I T and telecommunication equipment except f or mobile phones
0.32Consumer equipment 0.36Electrical and electronic tools except f or large stationary industrial tools 0.30Toys, leisure and sport equipment 0.36Monitoring and control instruments 0.32Automatic dispensers 0.33Wireless telephone equipment 3.6
Product fee rates from 1 January 2006
Source: Annex 9 of the environmental product fee act (1995)
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Reimbursement• 100 % exemption
• in case of fulfilling the collection, recycling, recovery rates and disposal obligations
• except mobile phoneswhere the recycling rate should reach 29,1 % in 2007
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
€ Product fee examples (2) €
Nominal cooling volume of a product (cooling equipment) EUR/piece
0 - 120 litre 9.77
between 120.1 - 250 litre 17.6
above 250.1 - litre 45.37
until 0.5 kg 2.44between 0.51 and 2 kg 4.36
above 2 kg 11.41
Product fee rates from 1 January 2005
Source: Annex 3 of the environmental product fee act (1995)
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Reimbursement
Recycling rate exemption30 % 50 %+ 1 % + 1.5 %
50 % 80 %above 50 % max. 80 %
Cooling equipment
Source: Annex 1 of 53/2003 governmental decree
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
WEEE collection systems within EU
Collective system(monopoly)
• dominant national system responsible for collection, recycling and financing of WEEE
• non-governemntal, not-for-profit companies are set up
• usually organised into product categories => to achieve max. efficiency in recycling
• e.g.: B, NL, SE
Competitive clearing system
• national framework with multiply partners (producers, recyclers, etc.) providing services
• government ensures the register of producers
• government defines allocation mechanisms, reporting and monitoring systems
• collection obligation of each producer
• to avoid monopolistic situation
• e.g.: UK, ES, D, F, I
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Hungarian system• Collective System• Product fee system => co-ordinating
company – not-for-profit organisation• Registration of producers and co-ordinating
companies is mandatory• Contract between producer and recipient has
to be approved by the Chief Inspectorate• Administrative obligations => set up a
public information system <= Chief Inspectorate’s responsibility
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Registration of producers and co-ordinating
companies• done by the Chief Inspectorate according
to requirements set by the Hungarian governmental degree on WEEE
• 971 registered producers and 6 registered co-ordinating companies for WEEE(http://orszagoszoldhatosag.gov.hu)
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
How the system worksProducers971 registered Retailers
Co-ordinating companies6 registered
ChiefInspectorate
Collecting networkCivic amenity sites
shops
Treatmentfacilities
municipalities
Public utilitycompanies
independently
Waste flowInformation flow Money flow
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Basic factsCollected amount of WEEE
41460
10984
23647
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
2005 2006 2007
quan
tity
in th
ousa
nd t
ons
Source: http://okir.kvvm.hu/hir
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Basic factsRecycled amount of WEEE
2280
29953971
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
2005 2006 2007quan
tity
in
thou
sand
ton
s
Source: http://okir.kvvm.hu/hir
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Number of issued valid permits at national level
Treatment/Waste code EWC 160213* EWC 200135*
pretreatment 58 65recovery and recycling 24 29disposal 7 9 EWC 160214 EWC 200136pretreatment 76 94recovery and recycling 28 33disposal 13 22
Source: http://kezelo.kvvm.hu/
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Threats
• to meet not only the collection targets but the recycling and recovery targets as well
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Our Challenge (1)• to create a new revised
directive based on:1.clear financial
responsobility of the producers
2.appliance-based recycling targets
3.introducing reuse targets4.guarantee for a
transparent system
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Our Challenge (2)• to create a new revised
directive based on:5. confirmation of local and
regional authorities6. collection targets based
on the quantities put on the market
7. centrialised database
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Concluding remarks
A study (by request of the Commission) was carried out by an independent research institute to evaluate the transposition of the directive and its implementation.
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Strong WEEE
Recycling Culture
Strong WEEE Infrastructure
/Systems
Weak WEEE
Recycling Culture
Weak WEEE Infrastructur
e/Systems
SwedenBelgium
Netherlands
Austria
UK Germany
Denmark
Italy
France
Portugal
Cyprus
Hungary
Finland
Malta Greece
Poland
IrelandSpain
Luxembourg
Transposition evaluation of the MSs
(made by external researchers in 2006)
EstoniaCzech
RepublicSlovakiaLatvia
Lithuania
Slovenia
Existing Upgrade
Early Adopters Late Adopters
New Member StatesSystem and Culture
Upgrade
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
15-16 December 2008 TAIEX Workshop in Pristina
Contact data
Tel: +32 488 292 063e-mail: viktoria_dezso@hotmail.com
21-22 July 2009 INFRA Workshop in Sofia
Questions?Source: http://www.intermetal.hu/kepgaleria/3.html
Source: http://www.intermetal.hu/kepgaleria/3.html
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