oxyfuel capture technology international training programme on clean coal technologies and carbon...
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Oxyfuel Capture Technology
International Training Programme on Clean Coal Technologies and Carbon Capture and Storage: Learning from the European CCT/CCS Experiences, Trichy, India, 31st October to 3rd November 2012
Saravanan Swaminathan, Gerry HesselmannPlant Group R&D
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Our Vision
Enabling energy to realise opportunities for our customers and the world we live in.
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2011
Heritage
Acquired by Doosan Power Systems and renamed Doosan Lentjes
Doosan Power Systems is formedbringing Skoda and Babcock together
Acquired by Doosan
Acquired by Doosan to become Doosan Babcock Energy
Lentjes GmbH formed
Company becomes Skoda Power
Skoda Energo formed
Skoda daughter companies privatised
Babcock Power Ltd formed
Ferdinand Lentjes founds boiler manufacturing company
Babcock & Wilcox established
Engineering workshop founded
Babcock
Škoda Power
Lentjes
20051928
2004199819931859
200619791891 2009
2009
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Products and Services
Doosan Power SystemsCEO JM Aubertin
Turnover 2011: £800mEmployees: 5,800
Doosan BabcockDoosan Lentjes Skoda Power Doosan Babcock
Boiler & Air Pollution Control Turbogenerators Plant Service
Doosan Heavy Industries
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Outline
Oxyfuel Technology Overview
Air Separation and CO2 ProcessingProof of Concept TestingDemonstration of Oxyfuel Combustion SystemThermal PerformancePlant DemonstrationSafety Issues
Overview
Oxyfuel Technology
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CO2 Capture – Oxyfuel Technology
N2 removed from air prior to combustion in an Air Separation Unit (ASU)
Oxidant is nearly pure O2 (over 95%)
Recycle flue gas is used to
Moderate the high temperatures arising from combustion with oxygen → replicate radiant heat transfer in air-fired plant
Maintain volumetric flow through the boiler → replicate convective heat transfer in air-fired plant
Flue gas contains a high level of CO2
CO2 typically over 75%v/v dry basis
Simple compression process for purification and capture
Oxyfuel is based on the removal of nitrogen from the combustion process
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CO2 Capture – Oxyfuel Technology
Illustration courtesy of Vattenfall
The oxyfuel process comprises of three basic blocks – the Air Separation Unit (ASU), the boiler and turbine island, and the CO2 compression & clean-up plant
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CO2 Capture – Oxyfuel Technology
Power consumption in the ASU and CO2 compression plant dominate the operating costs of an oxyfuel plant
Baseline Oxyfuel
Generated Power (MWe) 625.2 634.4
Auxiliary Power (MWe) for Boiler & Turbine Island
48.4 45.8
ASU Power (MWe) 0.0 77.3
CO2 Compressor Power (MWe) 0.0 63.1
Power Dispatched to Grid (MWe) 576.8 448.2
Slight increase in gross power generated due to recovery of compression heat into feed water heaters
Slight reduction in boiler island auxiliary power due to SCR being out of service for oxyfuel firing; more than compensates for FGR fan power
Reduced power output from is equivalent to a reduction in efficiency of ~10 %age points; improvements in integration and ASU / CO2 compression lead to an estimated 6 %age point reduction for the n th plant
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CO2 Capture – Oxyfuel Technology
Relatively simple process
ASU, boiler island, gas clean-up & compression, FGR
No impact on steam cycle
Uses existing power plant technology (well proven components)
Can be retrofitted to existing plant or installed as new build
Minimal impact of oxyfuel firing on boiler thermal performance
Boiler designed for air-firing can operate under oxyfuel, without pressure part modifications
Potential to avoid requirement for FGD and/or SCR
Capture of NOx and SOx is integral to the CO2 compression process
Can be designed to fire a wide range of fuels
Robust to changes in fuel quality
Costs are comparable to the other CO2 capture technologies
Power consumption of ASU is significant, but penalty is similar in magnitude to steam consumption in PCC
Key to the success of oxyfuel technology is it’s demonstration
Combustion system, burners
Thermal performance
Oxyfuel is one of the most promising capture technologies
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CO2 Capture – Oxyfuel Technology - Doosan Power Systems Activities
For 20 years, Doosan Power Systems has been a leading player in the development of oxyfuel technology.
1992 to 1995
2005 to 2008
2007 to 2009
2008 to 2010
2011 to 2012
Proof of concept testing at 0.55mmBtu/h (160kWt) scale – several “first’s” (Renfrew, Scotland)
Numerous high level feasibility studies for retrofit and new-build oxyfuel installations.
Development of thermal performance prediction models.
Collaborative R&D projects.
Full scale demo of OxyCoalTM burner on lignite at 102mmBtu/h (30MWt) (Schwarze Pumpe, Germany)
FEED studies for Young Dong and Janschwalde
Full scale demonstration of an OxyCoalTM burner on bituminous coal at 136mmBtu/h (40MWt) (Renfrew, Scotland)
Fundamentals and underpinning technology development
A Quick Overview
(With thanks to Vince White, Air Products)
Air Separation and CO2 Processing
3rd APP OFWG Oxy-fuel Capacity Building Course, 11-12th September 2011, Queensland, Australia
http://www.newcastle.edu.au/project/oxy-fuel-working-group/capacity-building-courses/Australian-Course-2011.html
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Proof of Concept Testing160kWt Pilot Scale Tests
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“Proof of Concept” Testing
Retrofitted 160kWt test facility to oxyfuel firing
Demonstrated oxyfuel firing concept
– CO2 typically 80 to 85%v/v dry; 95% max
– NOx reduces with flue gas recycle rate
– Early data on slagging and fouling effects (world-first by “industry”)
– Early data on impact of oxyfuel on ash pozzolanic activity (world-first)
– Smooth transition from air to oxyfuel firing
– Many practical lessons learned
Over the period 1992 to 1995, the project “Pulverised Coal Combustion System for CO2 Capture” demonstrated the viability of the oxyfuel process
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Emissions Reduction Test Facility
Test facility relocated and extensively upgraded
Oxygen Supply
CO2 SupplyCoal Feeder
ESP
FGR Fan
FGR HeaterSCR Unit
Combustion Chamber
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RIG
SO2
NOx
Inlet Outlet
NOx & SO2 Capture
Further testing was undertaken in the period 2007 to 2009 with Air Products. Almost all the NOx and SO2 is captured in the first compression stage of the CO2 compression & clean-up plant – the first time their process was demonstrated with “real” flue gas.
Demonstration of Oxyfuel Combustion SystemFull Scale Component Tests - Renfrew
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Demonstration of Combustion System – Importance
It is only by undertaking “real” projects that we learn to make the hard decisions
It is too easy to put off decisions in paper studies
From Doosan Power System’s perspective, we have gained valuable practical experience during the engineering of our test facility oxyfuel retrofit, even before we started testing
It is only by undertaking “real” projects that we can gain confidence in a process
The prospect of massive quantities of nearly pure O2 and CO2 in a utility environment is a frightening one for the uninitiated
Experience of the process allows those fears to be rationalised and properly addressed
It is only by undertaking “real” projects that we can commercialise the technology
No matter how much information and experience we gain from reduced scale facilities, there is always a degree of uncertainty in the performance of the “first-of-kind” full scale plant
Until we are fully confident in our design process it is impossible to deliver a plant under truly commercial conditions with performance guarantees
Real projects give us the essential experience to commercialise oxyfuel
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Demonstration of Combustion System – OxyCoal-2
Lead Company Prime Sponsor
Sponsors
University Participants
UK Government Support
The OxyCoal-2 collaborative project was led by Doosan Power Systems and supported by the Department of Energy and Climate Change.
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Demonstration of Combustion System – Test Facility
Doosan’s 90MWt test facility in Renfrew, Scotland allows the testing of full-scale burners firing pulverised coal, heavy fuel oil, or natural gas. The facility was upgraded for oxyfuel firing in 2009.
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Demonstration of Combustion System – “Virtual Tour”
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Demonstration of Combustion System – OxyCoalTM Burner
Design based on our current Mk III low NOX axial swirl burner
Proven design with over two decades of operational experience in numerous coal-fired boilers worldwide
Applicable to new build and retrofit coal-fired boilers.
Volumetric flow of the primary gas for oxyfuel firing maintained as per air firing
Coal transport considerations
Oxygen content of the primary gas controlled to 21%v/v dry
Safe operation of coal milling plant
Overall stoichiometric ratio controlled to ~1.2
Maintain combustion efficiency
Flue gas recycle rate chosen on consideration of the adiabatic flame temperature and furnace heat transfer characteristics
The 40MWt OxyCoalTM burner design is based on our existing knowledge, experience and expertise of low NOx air-fired burner technology.
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Demonstration of Combustion System – Test Overview
Isothermal testing to characterise the aerodynamics of the OxyCoalTM burner
Flow split vs. damper setting
CFD burner model validation
Burner proving tests to demonstrate
Flame stability
Operation and controlability
Air to oxyfuel transition
Start-up, load change, and shutdown
Parametric tests to investigate
Emissions
Combustion efficiency
Full-scale testing of the Doosan Power Systems’ 40MWt OxyCoal™ combustion system: Burner Proving (Q3 and Q4 2009) Parametric Testing (Q1 and Q2 2010)
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Demonstration of Combustion System – Air to Oxyfuel Transition
Safe and smooth transitions between air and oxyfuel operation were demonstrated, with realistic CO2 levels achieved (in excess of 75% v/v dry, and up to 85% v/v dry)
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Demonstration of Combustion System – Turndown
Stable rooted flame maintained for all loads down to 40% with coal ignition within the burner throat/quarl
Comparable turndown to Doosan Power Systems’ commercially available air firing low NOX axial swirl burners
40MWt OxyCoal™ burner turndown proven from 100% load to 40% load
40MWt
32MWt
24MWt
20MWt
16MWt
4040
Demonstration of Combustion System – NOx
NOx, expressed as mg/MJ, is significantly lower (approximately 50%) under oxyfuel firing compared to air firing
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Demonstration of Combustion System – SO2
SO2, expressed as mg/MJ, is significantly lower (approximately 25%) under oxyfuel firing compared to air firing
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Demonstration of Combustion System – Combustion Efficiency
Combustion efficiency, as expressed by Carbon in Ash (CIA) and CO, is comparable for air and oxyfuel firing
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Demonstration of Combustion System – Summary
A full scale 40MWt OxyCoal™ burner was successfully demonstrated on air and oxyfuel firing, achieving safe and stable operation across a wide operational envelope
Oxyfuel flame stability and flame shape was comparable to air firing experience
Safe and smooth transitions between air and oxyfuel operation were demonstrated
Realistic CO2 levels were achieved (in excess of 75% v/v dry, and up to 85% v/v dry)
40MWt OxyCoal™ burner turndown proven from 100% load to 40% load – a comparable turndown to Doosan Power Systems’ commercially available air firing low NOX axial swirl burners
NOx and SO2 is significantly lower under oxyfuel firing compared to air firing
Combustion efficiency under air and oxyfuel conditions, as expressed by CIA and CO, is comparable
The results from successful testing demonstrate Doosan Power Systems’ pioneering expertise in the carbon capture field and mark a major step towards making full-scale carbon capture a reality
Air Firing
Oxyfuel Firing
Demonstration of Oxyfuel Combustion SystemFull Scale Component Tests – Schwarze Pumpe
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Demonstration of Combustion System - Schwarze Pumpe
Doosan Power Systems has joined the Technology Partnership for the Oxyfuel Pilot Plant (OxPP) project
– Agreement signed between Vattenfall Europe Technology Research GmbH and Doosan Power Systems in December 2010
Doosan Power Systems is responsible for providing a 30MWth OxyCoal™ burner for testing on the 30MWth pilot plant in Schwarze Pumpe, Germany.
30MWth OxyCoal™ Burner Test Plan
– Start-Up
– Air Firing
– Air to Oxyfuel Transition
– Oxyfuel Firing
– Oxyfuel to Air Transition
– Shutdown
Project execution by Doosan Power Systems in close collaboration with Vattenfall Europe Technology Research GmbH
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Demonstration of Combustion System - Schwarze Pumpe
Doosan Power Systems OxyCoal™ burner design is based on our existing knowledge, experience and expertise of low NOX air-fired burner technology.
Doosan Power Systems 40 MWth OxyCoal™ Burner for Clean Combustion Test Facility (CCTF), Renfrew, Scotland
– Multi-fuel Burner Test Facility
– Intermittent operation
– Igniters Combustion Engineering pre-mixed gas flame system
– Heavy fuel oil light-up burner
– Pulverised fuel
» Kellingley (UK bituminous coal)
» El Cerrejón (Columbian bituminous coal)
– Common windbox
» Secondary oxidant
» Tertiary oxidant
– Manual adjustment swirlers
– National Instruments Supervisory Control and Data Analysis (SCADA) system
Doosan Power Systems 30MWth OxyCoal™ Burner for Oxyfuel Pilot Plant (OxPP), Schwarze Pumpe, Germany
– Pilot Plant
– Continuous operation
– DURAG high energy spark igniter
– Gas light-up burner
– Pulverised fuel
» BKS (German lignite coal)
– Individual ducts
» Secondary oxidant
» Tertiary oxidant
– Automatic actuated swirlers
– Siemens Power Plant Automation T3000 (SPPA-T3000) web-based instrumentation & control (I&C) system
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Demonstration of Combustion System - Schwarze Pumpe
Operational tests will determine the global performance of 30MWth OxyCoal™ burner and Oxyfuel Pilot Plant (OxPP).
Comparison and analysis of results over a range of conditions will identify clear, definitive trends of burner operating behaviour.
Fundamental tests will allow detailed mapping of the combustion conditions at well defined operating points.
Evaluation will provide greater understanding of the combustion operation at discrete points and the underlying mechanisms responsible.
Testing of the Doosan Power Systems’ 30MWth OxyCoal™ burner:First Tranche: October to December 2011 – 9 weeksSecond Tranche: February to July 2012 – 18 weeks
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Demonstration of Combustion System - Schwarze Pumpe
Doosan Power Systems’ burner operated in air firing mode, standard oxyfuel mode, and expert oxyfuel mode
OxyCoal™ Burner Testing
– Air Firing Mode
– Standard Oxyfuel Firing Mode
– Expert Oxyfuel Firing Mode
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Demonstration of Combustion System - Schwarze Pumpe
Parametric tests during 2011 and 2012 demonstrated oxyfuel firing over a wide operating envelope
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Demonstration of Combustion System - Schwarze Pumpe
Oxy Firing
(FGR O2 = 30%vol)
Video and thermography of the flame captured during testing for oxyfuel firing with high and low FGR, and air firing
Oxy Firing
(FGR O2 = 24%vol)
Air Firing Stable rooted flame at all conditions
Comparable flame shape for air & oxyfuel
Reducing FGR increases flame temperature
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Demonstration of Combustion System - Schwarze Pumpe
Automatic control modified to demonstrate safe and smooth transitions between air and oxy firing, and vice versa
300 hours operation of the OxyCoal™ burner on air firing
2500 hours operation of the OxyCoal™ burner on oxy firing
Steady oxy firing operation for extended periods - a requirement for parallel test measurements
Combustion performance optimised to achieve set targets
– O2 < 3 vol% (wet)
– NOX <120ppm (air) <380ppm (oxy)
– CO <40ppm (air) <80ppm (oxy)
Operation of the Doosan Power Systems’ OxyCoal™ burner in the Oxyfuel Pilot Plant for ~2800 hours during 2011 and 2012
Thermal PerformanceImpact of the Oxyfuel Process on the Boiler
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Heat Transfer in Oxyfuel Boilers
Recycle flue gas flow rate can be used to vary radiant and convective heat transfer
Source: IFRF Report F98/y/1
Increased recycle flow leads to:
Greater mass per unit heat input → lower adiabatic flame temperature and less radiant heat transfer
Greater mass flow through boiler → higher gas velocity and more convective heat transfer
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Thermal Performance - Issues
Radiant heat transfer in the furnace is the dominant factor in coal fired utility boiler design
Key factors include
– Furnace geometry (beam length)
– Gas extinction coefficient (depends on particulate material & non-luminous gases)
– Heat release profile
Design tools include
– Simple “1-D” semi-empirical models (e.g. Doosan’s SteamGen code)
– Engineering performance models (e.g. Doosan’s HotGen code, uses Hottel’s zone method)
– Computational Fluid Dynamics (e.g. commercial codes, such as ANSYS-FLUENT)
– All these tools have been adapted to be capable of simulating oxyfuel plant
– …………but all these tools need good quality data for validation
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Test Experience
Air → Oxyfuel (increasing FGR)
Test experience with the DPS 40MWt OxyCoalTM burner shows that flame shape, length, and luminosity are broadly similar for air and oxyfuel firing; FGR rate has some impact
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Test Experience
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Axial Distance From Burner
Hea
t F
lux
Air Oxy - FGR low Oxy - FGR medium Oxy - FGR high
Lower heat flux near burner for oxyfuel firing due to lower adiabatic flame temperature arising from FGR vs. air flowrate
Drop in heat flux occurs at the same point, suggesting comparable flame length for air and oxyfuel
Comparable heat flux towards furnace exit
5757
Limitations of Test Facilities
Small-scale test furnaces cannot adequately replicate the radiation processes in utility plant
Specific issues include
– Realistic mean beam lengths
– Estimation of extinction coefficient
– Pendant (radiant) superheaters
– Volumetric utilisation of the furnace
Plant scale demonstration is needed to verify thermal performance on oxyfuel fired boilersTriatomic Gas Emissivity Comparison
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0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Mean Beam Length (m)
Gas
Em
issi
vity
(-)
Utility Boiler Furnaces
Large TestFacilities
Air Firing
Oxyfuel Firing
Illustrations: DPS, Vattenfall, T Wall
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Oxyfuel Plant Thermal Performance
Basis
– 600MWe supercritical coal fired boiler
– Opposed wall fired
– Overfire air
Assumptions (HotGen model)
– Same flow distribution between burners and overfire air ports
– Same heat release profile (based on test experience)
– Gas extinction coefficients calculated from gas composition and particle concentration & size distribution (similar soot content in flame based on observed flame luminosity during burner tests)
– Same deposition in furnace and convective pass (surface emissivity, thermal resistance)
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Oxyfuel Plant Thermal Performance
Compared to air firing, the oxyfuel fired plant has:-
Higher arch level gas temperature
Higher heat absorption to the furnace walls
Higher heat absorption to the platen superheater
Similar furnace exit gas temperature, FEGT
Lower gas temperatures and heat absorption further downstream in the gas pass
Higher local gas temperatures throughout the lower furnace, with less variability in the burner belt
Higher incident heat fluxes to the furnace walls
The predicted impacts on thermal performance arise from the increased gas extinction coefficients and the lower flue gas mass flow rate through the boiler under oxyfuel firing conditions
The predicted impacts are small compared to day-to-day variability due to ash deposition
A boiler designed for air firing can operate in oxyfuel firing mode without change to the boiler
Demonstration at plant scale required to verify this conclusion
Modelling shows a modest impact on thermal performance arising from oxyfuel at the operating conditions simulated
Plant DemonstrationDoosan Power Systems Activities
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Plant Demonstration – Young Dong Unit #1
Unit #1
125MWe
Downshot boiler firing domestic anthracite and heavy fuel oil
In-service 1973
OEM was Babcock Hitachi KK, boiler was built under license from Doosan and is on our reference list
Steam Conditions Evaporation (tonne/h) 420
Main Steam Pressure (bar) 128.5
Main Steam Temperature (°C) 541
Reheat Steam Pressure (bar) 30.9
Reheat Steam Temperature (°C) 541
Cycle Efficiency 36%
KOSEP’s Young Dong PS has been selected to host a 100MWe oxyfuel demonstration
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Plant Demonstration – Young Dong Unit #1
Source : KEPRI
Project 1 : KEPRI & Daesung
Project 2 : Doosan HI
Air
N2
Coal
Air
O2
CO2 and/or H2O
Wet FGR
H2OSepa-ration
Dry FGR
No Stack
CO2
Power Generation
Flue gas treatment system
Project 3 : KIMM/Cottrell
Stack
ASU
The project objectives are to convert the boiler to bituminous coal firing, and to demonstrate oxyfuel technology.The project was arranged in 3 parts. Project 2 was led by DHI using DPS OxyCoalTM combustion technology. DPS were responsible for the Front End Engineering Design.
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Plant Demonstration – Young Dong Unit #1
Source : KEPRI
The feasibility stage of the project examined three options for the deployment of oxyfuel firing to the plant. Retrofit Case 2 maximizes the use of existing components and was selected.
64Source: KEPRI
Plant Demonstration – Young Dong Unit #1
FGD
Coal Yard
Boiler Island
Ash Pond
ASU & CPU
ESP
TBN & Gen
Proposed site layout
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Plant Demonstration – Young Dong Unit #1
Furnace Super heater Re-heater Economizer
Oxyfuel firing
Air firing
Thermal performance analysis was performed for Air and Oxyfuel firing
Models calibrated to air firing performance (downshot configuration)
Predictions undertaken for air and oxyfuel firing (wall firing configuration)
Design performance achieved across full load range (final steam conditions achieved)
Improved heat flux distribution (lower peaks) for oxyfuel firing
As a result of applying OxyCoalTM technology there is no requirement to change or modify plant convective pressure parts
Detailed furnace thermal performance assessment of OxyCoalTM combustion system using DPS in-house codes BWHOT (Furnace) and SteamGen (Convective Pass). Results show that the heat exchange surfaces behave similarly in Air and Oxyfuel firing mode.
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Plant Demonstration – Janschwalde
250MWe
Opposed wall boiler firing pre-dried lignite
New build
Steam Conditions
Evaporation (tonne/h) 640
Main Steam Pressure (bar) 286
Main Steam Temperature (°C) 600
Reheat Steam Pressure (bar) 51
Reheat Steam Temperature (°C) 610
Photo montage - Vattenfall
Vattenfall had planned to build a 250MWe oxyfuel fired supercritical boiler at Janschwalde PS in Eastern Germany – project recently cancelled
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Plant Demonstration – Janschwalde
European project
Boiler island bid on fully commercial terms
Pre-dried lignite with indirect firing system.
100% output with air firing or oxyfuel operation.
Client’s specification has conservative FEGT for lignite (slagging concern) and precludes furnace platen superheater surface.
12 DPS OxyCoalTM burners with individual burner rating of 174mmBtu/h (51MWt)
Oxygen injection into secondary flue gas recycle to burner windboxes.
Primary flue gas recycle used for fuel transport only (no mills).
Overfire air system to achieve NOx emission limit when air firing.
Safety IssuesCO2 & O2
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Safety Issues - CO2
Most of plant will operate under suction
But from FGR fan through to the windbox / burners the system is under pressure, and may leak
CO2 is denser than air and will collect in low level confined spaces
i.e. in the basement areas
Buoyancy helps dispersion
Good ventilation is essential
How do you ensure this?
Would you trust your life to a CFD model?
The Dangers of Carbon Dioxide
1000ppm 0.1% Prolonged exposure can affect powers of concentration
5000 ppm 0.5% The normal international Safety Limit (HSE, OSHA)
10,000ppm 1% Your rate of breathing increases very slightly but you probably will not notice it.
15,000ppm 1.5% The normal Short Term Exposure Limit (HSE, OSHA)
20,000ppm 2% You start to breathe at about 50% above your normal rate. If you are exposed to this level over several hours you may feel tired and get a headache.
30,000ppm 3% You will be breathing at twice your normal rate. You may feel a bit dizzy at times, your heart rate and blood pressure increase and headaches are more frequent. Even your hearing can be impaired.
40,000-50,000ppm 4-5% Now the effects of CO2 really start to take over. Breathing is much faster - about four times the normal rate and after only 30 minutes exposure to this level you will show signs of poisoning and feel a choking sensation.
50,000-100,000ppm 5-10% You will start to smell carbon dioxide, a pungent but stimulating smell like fresh, carbonated water. You will become tired quickly with laboured breathing, headaches, tinnitus as well as impaired vision. You are likely to become confused in a few minutes, followed by unconsciousness.
100,000ppm-1,000,000ppm 10-100% Unconsciousness occurs more quickly, the higher the concentration. The longer the exposure and the higher the level of carbon dioxide, the quicker suffocation occurs.
15 minutes
8 hours
Can we be sure that we will never exceed safe levels of CO2?
7070
Safety Issues - O2
< 23.5% pure O2
Treat as air, no real concerns
23.5% to 40% pure O2
Enhanced flammability due to O2 enrichment
Established codes of practice, widespread industrial experience, but questions remain– E.g. some organisations have imposed lower O2 limits in oxyfuel test facilities
40% to 80% pure O2
Discussion needed on case-by-case basis
At some point treat as “pure O2”, but when? (no clear consensus from industry)– Practicality of specifying large FGR ducts, windbox, burners, etc. for “pure O2”?
Need clear guidelines for oxyfuel, backed up by data
80% to 100% pure
Treat as pure O2
Established codes of practice, widespread industrial experience
Concerns arise from lack of familiarity in power generation industry– First applications of oxyfuel to use “simulated air”
– Already pipe natural gas, hot oil to burners, so why not O2?
What is a safe working level of O2?
Concluding RemarksThe Way Forward
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Concluding Remarks – The Way Forward
Oxyfuel burners have been successfully demonstrated at full utility scale - up to 136mmBtu/lb (40MWt) - on a wide range of coals (lignite & bituminous)
Burner technology is ready and available for plant application
Thermal performance predicted for oxyfuel fired utility boilers is comparable to air firing
Oxyfuel can be retrofitted to existing plant with minimal impact to the boiler
Large scale demonstration is needed to verify boiler operation with oxyfuel
Considerable progress has been made in the development of oxyfuel technology
The process is technically viable
The process is reasonably well understood
The process has been demonstrated at pilot scale
The process has been demonstrated at large scale
Most of the individual components are in commercial operation at the required scale
Oxyfuel combustion is economically competitive with alternative technologies
The time is right for the full scale demonstration of oxyfuel
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Contact Details
Dr. Saravanan Swaminathan
Senior Engineer, Plant Product Innovation
E saravanan.swaminathan@doosan.com
Mr. Gerry Hesselmann
Principal Engineer, Boiler Product Development
E gerry.hesselmann@doosan.com
Peter Holland-Lloyd
Business Development Manager
E peter.holland-lloyd@doosan.com
*Doosan Power Systems Limited
Porterfield Road
Renfrew
PA4 8DJ
United Kingdom
T +44 (0)141 886 4141
73© Doosan Power Systems 2012
Thank you
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