p6 oo vs moose (&moo)

Perl 6 OOP

What is OOP ?

Larry Wall Says:

What is OOP ?

Position

Out Of Position

O O P

Man With Clue

Read That !

Damian Says:

Object-orientedprogramming ... many opinions, theories, and even ideologies have been formulated on the subject. ... Most are mutually inconsistent.

O O P

Classes / Prototypes(Multiple) Inheritance / Roles

MMD + DelegationTypes + Subtypes

Introspection / Metaobj.

His Opinion

TIMTOWTDI

All There in Beauty

In Search Of Perf.

Starts With A Class

Class

class

Class

class

instanceable name space

Class

class module package

Class

class Excalibur; class Babylon;

Class

class

instanceable name space

NS in Braces

class Excalibur { ... }

Object

Object

my $obj = Class.new();

Ops Changed

my $obj = Class.new();

Create New

Clone Existing

Object

my $obj = $old.clone();

Object

my $obj = $old.clone(...);

Positional Paramters

clone($pos1, $pos2);

Named Parameters

clone( :key('value'),);

With Autoquoting

clone( :key<value>,);

Old School Works Too

clone( key=>'value',);

Object

new & clone

bless stayed

Attributes

+

Methods

Space Ship

Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed; method stop { $speed = 0 } }

I can do that too !

In Perl 5package Spaceship;use Moose;has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => 'Int';);sub stop { $self = shift; $self->speed = 0;}

Me too !

In Perl 5package Spaceship;use Moo;has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => sub { die "…" unless looks_like_number($_[0]);});sub stop { $self = shift; $self->speed = 0;}

In Perl 5use MooseX::Declare;class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => 'Int'; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; }}

Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed; method stop { $.speed = 0; } }

Attribute Usage

P5 P6

$self->speed $.speedshift->speed self.speed $!speed

Twigil of Accessors

. public ! private

Twigil of Accessors

. public ! private

has $!speed; # private

Twigil of Accessors

. public ! private

has $speed; # private too

trusts

trusts

class Dog { trusts Cat; has $!Bone;}

trusts

class Cat { method steal { my $carlo = Dog.new(); $carlo!Bone = 0; ...

Twigils . punlic access. ! private access. ^ pos. auto para. : named auto p. * global var ? compiler info = POD ~ sublang

Sigils

$ Scalar @ Array % Hash

Sigils

has $.speed;has @.shuttle;has %.crew;

In Perl 5use MooseX::Declare;class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'ro'; isa => 'Int'; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; }}

In Perl 5use MooseX::Declare;class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'rw'; isa => 'Int'; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; }}

Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed is rw; method stop { $.speed = 0; } }

Class class Spaceship { has Int $.speed is rw = 0; method stop { $.speed = 0; } }

In Perl 5use MooseX::Declare;class Spaceship { has 'speed' => ( is => 'rw'; isa => 'Int'; default => 0; ); method stop { $self->speed = 0; }}

Perl 6 Attribute

no:isa default (just Syntax)predicate required coercereader writer init_argclearer builder lazy_build

That was my idea!

Perl 6 & Moose

has is

Subtypes

Moose

subtype 'Slogan' => as 'Str' => where {length $_< 50};

Perl 6

my subset Slogan of Str where {$_.chars < 50};

Delegation

Excalibur

Perl 6class Excalibur;has $.clock handles 'now';

$excalibur = Excalibur.new;$excalibur.clock.now;

Perl 6class Excalibur;has DateTime $.clock handles 'now';

$excalibur = Excalibur.new;$excalibur.now;

Moose

has 'clock' => ( handles => 'now'; );

Moose Rename

has 'clock' => ( handles => { now => 'time'

}; );

Perl 6 Renameclass Spaceship;has DateTime $.clock handles { :time<now>};

Methods

Methods

method stop { … }

Methods

method !stop { … }

Methods

method !stop { … }

submethod

Methods

method !stop { … }

submethod # !inherit

MMD

?

MMD

MultiMethodDispatch

MMD

only multi proto

MMD

only # default anywaymulti # look at !proto # later

MMD

multi method navigate (Coord $place) {}

multi method navigate (Str $cmd) {};

MMD

$excalibur.navigate('back');

MMD

only # default anywaymulti # MMDproto # own handling

Inheritance

MooseX::Declare

class WhiteStar extends Spaceship;

Inheritance

extends => is

Perl 6

class WhiteStar is Spaceship;

Multiple Inheritance

class WhiteStaris Spaceship is Minbari;

Vererbung später

extends => also is

MooseX::Declare

class WhiteStar;...extends Spaceship;

Perl 6

class WhiteStar { ... also is Spaceship;

Roles

Class Hierarchy

Where to insert ?

Solution

Role:Unit Of Reusable

Functionality

Therefore

Role:Unit Of Reusable

Functionality

Outside Any Hierarchy

Solution

Role:Unit Of Reusable

Functionality

Trait Elsewhere

Therefore

Role:Unit Of Reusable

Functionality

Roles have Atributes, Traits not

Therefore

Role:Reusable => Small

Remember?

Role:Reusable => Small

Class:instanceable name space

How To Solve That

Role:Reusable => Small

Class:Complete => Big

Class Do Can't Both

Role:Reusable => Small

!=Class:

Complete => Big

Roles

may be inherited !

if mixed into a class

& remove @ run time

Rolesconflicts throw exceptions

Rolesconflicts throw exceptions

No global overwrite likeRuby Mixins

Rolesconflicts throw exceptions

No global overwrite likeRuby Mixins

Refinements doesn't solve it all

Rolesconflicts throw exceptions

Roles > multiple inheritance(conflicts remain unhandled

- in intelligent way)

Rolesconflicts throw exceptions

except when method is empty

Rolesconflicts throw exceptions

except when method is empty

then is has to be overwritten (interface)

Roles role Spaceship { has Int $.speed; method stop { $.speed = 0 } }

Roles role Clock { has DateTime $.time; method alarm { ... } }

Apply Roles

with => does

Moose

class Excalibur extends WhiteStar with Clock;

Moo too !

Moo::Role

package Excalibur;extends 'WhiteStar';with 'Clock';

Perl 6

class Excalibur is WhiteStar does Clock;

Perl 6

class Excalibur is Whitestar;

also does Clock;

Perl 6

class Excalibbur is WhiteStar;

also does Clock does PlasmaGun;

Perl 6

$excalibur does Clock;

Introspection

MethodsWHAT short name WHICH object ID (type)WHO package, long name in str contextWHERE memory addressHOW object of meta classWHEN (reserved for events?)WHY (reserved for documentation)WHENCE autovivification of closures

MethodsWHAT short name WHICH object ID (type)WHO package, long name in str contextWHERE memory addressHOW object of meta classWHEN (reserved for events?)WHY (reserved for documentation)WHENCE autovivification of closures

MethodsWHAT short name WHICH object ID (type)WHO package, long name in str contextWHERE memory addressHOW object of meta classWHEN (reserved for events?)WHY (reserved for documentation)WHENCE autovivification of closures

Introspection

Class.HOW.methods($obj)

Class.^methods()

Metaobjectmethods

identifier name authority version author description subject language licensed parents roles

Deeper & Deeper

$obj.^methods()[$which].signature

Introspection

All is an Object

Introspection

All is an Object

„objects are stupid“.uc

Introspection

All is an ObjectCommands are Methods

Introspection

All is an ObjectCommands are Methods

(Operators too)

Introspection

All is an ObjectCommands are Methods

(Operators too)MMD is everywhere

Introspection

All is an ObjectCommands are Methods

(Operators too)MMD is everywhere

also in Regexes

Name Spaces

package module

class

A Kind Of Class

package module

class grammar

Grammars

grammar { token { … } rule { … } regex { … }}

Learn MoreS12: Objekte,S14: Rollen

perl6.org/documentationhttp://perlcabal.org/syn/

opt. Precise & Volume

Learn More

Perl 6 Docs

doc.perl6.org/language/objects

Opt.: Short & Precise

Learn More

Perl 6 Tablets

tablets.perl6.org

opt.: Hypertext & Volume

Cockaigne

Thank You