palegeography and paleozoic stratigraphy of yemen
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PALEGEOGRAPHY AND PALEOZOIC STRATIGRAPHY OF YEMEN
By:
Abdullah Alqubaleeg201304210@kfupm.edu.sa
KFUPMEarth Science Department
Feb. 03, 2015
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Outline• Arabian Plate Paleogeography• Arabian Plate Paleo-climate• Major Paleozoic tectonic events on the Arabian Plate• Paleozoic Basins of Yemen• Paleozoic Stratigraphy of Yemen
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Arabian Plate Paleo-climatePaleo-Plate Positions
Early Palaeozoic
E-W
Late Precambrian
1st Glaciation, N-AP 2nd Glaciation, S-AP
Silurian-Late Carboniferous
Modified after Konert et.al, 2001
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Formation Wajid Akbarah
Age Cambrian-Carboniferous?
?Lower Permian
Lithology Mainly Sandstone (Glacial Deposits)
Environment Fluvial Glacial
Similar deposits in South Arabia
SW Saudi Arabia:Wajid Sandstone
Oman : Alkhalata and Gharif formation
Saudi Arabia:Juwayl Member of Wajid Sandstone and Unayzah formation
Outcrop Location NW of Sana’a Basin NW of Sana’a Basin
Lower contact Uncon. With basement Uncon. With Wajid or Basement.
Upper contact Uncon. With Akbarah or or Mesozoic Sediments
Uncon. With Mesozoic Sediments
( Beydoun, 1998)
Pale
ozoi
c St
ratig
raph
y of
Yem
en
Surface section - North of Yemen Base-Top
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Formation Dibsiyah Qalibah Khusayyayn Juwayl
Age Cambrian-Ordovician
Silurian Devonian-Carboniferous
Upper Carb. - Lower Perm.
Lithology Sst, mic-congl, congl, thin Sh interbeds
Lower : Qusibah ShUpper:Sharorah Sd, Slst.
Sandstone Samdstone/ Sandy shale / (Glacial Deposits)
Environment Fluvial Cycle of Trans. & regression/Marine
Marginal Marine-shoreface/Fluvial
Glaciofluvial
Equivalent FM
SW Saudi Arabia:Dibsiyah lower part of Wajid
Saudi Arabia: Qalibah Gr (Qusibah Fm & Sharorah Fm)
Saudi Arabia:Huj Gr. (Tawil, Jawf, Jubah) and Berwath Fm.
N Yemen:Akbarah FmC & N Saudi Arabia:Unayzah Fm
Pal
eozo
ic
Stra
tigra
phy
of Y
emen
Subsurface Section- Rub’ Al-Khali (Southern Flank) Base-Top
( Beydoun, 1998)
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Conclusion• Yemen is a part of Arabian plate which was a part of Gondwana.• Yemen was affected by the second glaciation on AP, Late Permian.• Wajid and Akbarah FM are only the exposed Paleozoic formations
located in Sana’a Basin.• Subsurface Paleozoic formations appeared in the Rub’ Al-Khali Basins
include: Dibsiyah, Qalibah, Khusayyayn and Juwayl FMs.• Glacial deposits of late Permian occurred in Akbarah FM, Sana’a
Basin, and Jwayal FM in the Rub’ Al-Khali Basin. • Qalibah and Khusayyayn FMs were deposited in marginal
marine/marine environment.
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References• As-Saruri, M. A., Sorkhabi, R., & Baraba, R. (2013). Sedimentary basins of Yemen: their
tectonic development and lithostratigraphic cover. In Lithosphere Dynamics and Sedimentary Basins: The Arabian Plate and Analogues (pp. 361-373). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
• Beydoun, Z. R. (1998). International lexicon of stratigraphy. Vol. 3. Asia: Fasc. 10b2. Republic of Yemen. Internat. Union of Geological Sciences, Internat. Commission on Stratigraphy.
• Johnson, P.S.(1998) Tectonic map of Saudi Arabia and adjacent areas. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources.
• Konert, G., Afifi, A. M., Al-Hajri, S. A., De Groot, K., Al Naim, A. A., & Droste, H. J. (2001). AAPG Memoir 74, Chapter 24: Paleozoic Stratigraphy and Hydrocarbon Habitat of the Arabian Plate.
• Haq, B. U., & Al-Qahtani, A. M. (2005). Phanerozoic cycles of sea-level change on the Arabian Platform. GeoArabia, 10(2), 127-160.
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