passive voice
Post on 09-Nov-2015
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Using the Passive Voice
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Using the Passive VoiceDefinitionsChanging to the passive voiceTable of English Tenses in Passive
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Active voice vs. passive voiceActive voice takes the form A does B
Passive voice takes the form B is done (by A)Plastic film was chosen (by us) to cover the microphone.We chose plastic film to cover the microphone.
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Active voice subjects perform an actWe ... chose ... plastic film to cover the microphone.Active voiceSubjectVerbObject
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Passive voice subjects are acted on Plastic film was chosen to cover the microphone.Passive voiceSubjectVerbObjectWe ... chose ... plastic film to cover the microphone.Active voiceSubjectVerbObject
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Passive voice differs from 3rd personPlastic film was chosen to cover the microphone.The team ... chose ... plastic film to cover the microphone.Third person, but active voicePassive voiceSubjectVerbObjectSubjectVerbObject
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When would you want to use passive voice?When intentionally trying to hide the subject of the sentence.
For example, a politician might say, The mistake was made (by someone). Hiding the subject helps him/her hide the blame.
When intentionally trying to minimize the guilt of the subject.
For example, a cheating boy might say, Cheating was committed by me.
When passive voice better emphasizes the main point of the message, such as Children were harmed by the drunk driver.
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Using the Passive VoiceDefinitionsChanging to the passive voiceTable of English tenses in Passive
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To be is very irregular:
Past participles usually add -ed or t: presented, measured, built, burntIrregular past participles must be memorizedCombine to be + past participle
Present tensePast tense 1st personI amWe areI wasWe were2nd personYou areYou areYou wereYou were3rd personHe, she, it isThey areHe, she, it wasThey were
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Omit the agent of the action ActiveWorkers installed burglar alarms.
Passive, with agent Burglar alarms were installed by the workers.
Passive, with the agent omittedBurglar alarms were installed.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Remember tense and number
Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.
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Using the Passive VoiceDefinitionsChanging to the passive voiceTable of English tenses in passive
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICESimple Present TenseActive: S + V(s/es) + O
Passive: S + am/is/are + PP + by + OEX: He reads books every day.Books are read (by him) every day.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICEPresent Continuous TenseActive: S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
Passive: S + am/is/are + being +PP + by + OEX: He is writing a novel at the moment.A novel is being written (by him) at the moment.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICEPresent Perfect TenseActive: S + Has/Have + V3ed + O
Passive: S + has/have + been +PP + by + OEX: He has just finished a novel.A novel has just been finished (by him).
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICESimple Past TenseActive: S + V2ed + O
Passive: S + was/were + PP + by + OEX: He gave Tom a book.A book was given to Tom (by him).Tom was given a book (by him).
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICEPast Continuous TenseActive: S + was/were + V-ing + O
Passive: S + was/were + being + PP + by + OEX: He was writing a letter at 8.00 yesterday.A letter was being written (by him).
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICEPast Perfect TenseActive: S + had + V3ed + O
Passive: S + had + been + PP + by + OEX: He had finished his homework before 8.00 yesterday.His homework had been finished (by him) before 8.00 yesterday.
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TABLE OF ENGLISH TENSES IN PASSIVE VOICESimple Future TenseActive: S + will/shall + V + O
Passive: S + will/shall + be + PP + by + OEX: He will finish the homework.The homework will be finished.
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MODAL VERBS (MV) IN PASSIVE VOICEModal Verbs can be used in either the present or past forms.Active: S + MV + V + O
Passive: S + MV + be + PP + by + OEX: We can solve this problem.This problem can be solved.
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