pennoni associates inc. consulting engineers - … · providing engineering services since 1966...

Providing Engineering Services Since 1966

Pennoni Associates Inc. Consulting Engineers

SUCCESSFUL ERD PILOT STUDY IN RESIDUAL DNAPL UTILIZING A SIMPLE

ADDITIVE DELIVERY APPROACH

I. Richard Schaffner and Kevin J. Davis, P.E.; Pennoni Associates, Inc. Kent C. Armstrong, BioStryke Remediation Products, LLC

Presentation Outline

ERD Review

Site Background

Pilot Study Methods

Results

Conclusions

ERD Review

• RD = Substitution of H for Cl

• Environmental Conditions

– Anaerobic (<0.5 mg/L DO) – Chemically Reducing (<50 mV) – Hydrogen – ‘fuel for dechlorination’

• Mechanisms

– Metabolic (Dehalorespiration) – Co-metabolic (minor mechanism) – Abiotic reactions (e.g., FeS) – Solubilization (co-solvency) Dehalococcoides

Electron Ladder Theory

Unifying Field Theory of Microbial Respiration Organic Carbon

Oxygen H2O

Mn (IV)

Mn (III)

Iron (III) Iron (II)

Sulfate H2S

CO CH4

cVOCs Ethene / Ethane

2

ERD

Nitrate NH+, N2

Site Background

Site History: Electronics Manufacturer, East Central Ohio Incidental TCE Spillage

Conceptual Site Model: ~15’ to ~20’ of Overburden (Sand, Silt, Clay) Fractured Sandstone / Shale contact at 15’ to 20’ Bedrock Impacted Zone ~10 feet Thick Baseline cVOC Signature:

- Total Parents: ~50 - 550 ppm; TCE - Total Daughters: ~10 - 15 ppm; 1,2-DCE - Parent Fraction: 80% - 99%

P&T Implemented to Manage Migration Operational since 2005

Conceptual Site Model

Pilot Study Methods

• PRSs with ERDENHANCED™ (BioStryke Remediation Products, LLC)

– Baseline no purge sampling – PRS deployment – No-purge perform. sampling

• VOCs + MNA Indicators • CENSUS® Assay

• PRS deployment units replaced when depleted (every 6-8 weeks)

• Provides Go-No-Go Efficacy Evaluation

• Performed under actual site biogeochemical conditions

Well with deployed PRS

Ground surface

Groundwater Flow Direction

Graphical Representation, To

Well with deployed PRS

Ground surface

Groundwater Flow Direction

Graphical Representation, To+1

Well with deployed PRS

Ground surface

Groundwater Flow Direction

Graphical Representation, To+2

Well with deployed PRS

Ground surface

Groundwater Flow Direction

Graphical Representation, To+3

Well with deployed PRS

Ground surface

Groundwater Flow Direction

Graphical Representation, To+4

Area of Influence

Results, TCE

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

7/10/2012 10/18/2012 1/26/2013 5/6/2013 8/14/2013 11/22/2013 3/2/2014 6/10/2014

TC

E (

µg/L

)

Date (mm/dd/yyyy)

MW-30A

MW-31A

MW-38A

Bas

elin

e

Results, c-1,2-DCE

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

7/10/2012 10/18/2012 1/26/2013 5/6/2013 8/14/2013 11/22/2013 3/2/2014 6/10/2014

TC

E (

µg/L

)

Date (mm/dd/yyyy)

MW-30A

MW-31A

MW-38A

Bas

elin

e

Results, MW-30A

1.00E-09

1.00E-08

1.00E-07

1.00E-06

1.00E-05

1.00E-04

1.00E-03

1.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.00E+00

7/10/2012 10/18/2012 1/26/2013 5/6/2013 8/14/2013 11/22/2013 3/2/2014 6/10/2014

Mo

lari

ty (

mo

l/L)

Date (mm/dd/yyyy)

TCE

c-1,2-DCEB

asel

ine

Results, MW-31A

0.00E+00

5.00E-05

1.00E-04

1.50E-04

2.00E-04

2.50E-04

3.00E-04

3.50E-04

4.00E-04

4.50E-04

10/18/2012 5/6/2013 11/22/2013 6/10/2014

Mo

lari

ty (

mo

l/L)

Date (mm/dd/yyyy)

TCE

c-1,2-DCE

Bas

elin

e

Results, MW-38A

1.00E-05

1.00E-04

1.00E-03

1.00E-02

7/10/2012 10/18/2012 1/26/2013 5/6/2013 8/14/2013 11/22/2013 3/2/2014 6/10/2014

Mo

lari

ty (

mo

l/L)

Date (mm/dd/yyyy)

TCE

c-1,2-DCEB

asel

ine

Results, Molar Parent Fraction

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1/26/2013 5/6/2013 8/14/2013 11/22/2013 3/2/2014 6/10/2014

Mo

lar

Par

ent

Fra

ctio

n (

%)

Date (mm/dd/yyyy)

MW-30A

MW-31A

MW-32A

MW-38A

Bas

elin

e

MNA Parameters:

– Up to 1,000X [diss Fe/Mn] increase

– General decrease in [sulfate]

– General decrease in ORP values

– General increase in [methane]

– Spiked increases in [TOC] following each PRS replacement-deployment event

– Elevated [Ethene] & [Ethane]

Results

Results

CENSUS® Assay: – BioTraps® for each well amended with

ERDENHANCED™ filled PRS deployment units

» Generally positive bio-indicator values » tceA gene, bvcA gene, vcrA gene

– BioTrap® for background well non-detect for same parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

Baseline [TCE] 55-550 mg/L

80-99.9%REDUCTION in [TCE] over ~1 year

MNA indicator signatures consistent with reductive dechlorination

Positive change in microbial community and treatment zone geochemistry to favor dechlorinators

Evidence of both biotic and abiotic dechlorination

Questions

I. Richard Schaffner, Jr. Senior Consultant / Hydrogeologist

Office 856-656-2887 | Mobile 603-703-3887

rschaffner@pennoni.com

Kent C. Armstrong BioStryke® Remediation Products, LLC

karmstrong@biostryke.net