perancangan pabrik dan produk - need, spec, konsep, seleksi, flow sheeting

Find Needs

1. Chemical Product Design - Toward a Perspective Through Case Studies, Ng, 2007

2. Design and Development of Biological, Chemical, Food and Pharmaceutical Products, Wesselingh, 2007

3. Product Design and Development, Ulrich, 2004

4. Product and Process Design Principles, 2nd Ed, Seider

REFERENCE

Identifikasi Kebutuhan Konsumen Tetapkan spesifikasi produk Ciptakan konsep-konsep (ide) produk Pilih konsep(-konsep) produk Formulasi produk (skala lab) Flowsheeting Estimasi biaya Penentuan alat Scale-up

TAHAP DESAIN PRODUK KIMIA

Sustaining and disruptive development

Sustaining Changes

Fogging due to condensation of water vapourbetween the two glass layers

A twenty-year old Attica windowA twenty-year old Attica window

Sustaining Changes

Construction of Attica windowsConstruction of Attica windows

Sustaining Changes

Project scope for the Attica improvementProject scope for the Attica improvement

Sustaining Changes

The steps to assessing the customer needs.The steps to assessing the customer needs.

Sustaining Changes

Customer statement list (shortened)Customer statement list (shortened)

Sustaining Changes

Grouping of the needs (shortened)Grouping of the needs (shortened)

Sustaining Changes

Rank needs:1. undesirable

2. not important

3. nice to have

4. highly desirable

5. essential

Grouped list of needs (shortened)Grouped list of needs (shortened)

Disruptive Changes

A disruptive proposal: vacuum windowsA disruptive proposal: vacuum windows

convection

more expensive less attractive?

Disruptive Changes

Problems of any investorProblems of any investor

Disruptive Changes

Suggestions with disruptive ideasSuggestions with disruptive ideas

Summary of the Method

Specify the Product

SPESIFIKASI PRODUK

Spesifikasi produk: Mengubah kebutuhan masyarakat menjadi besaran yang

dapat diukur (kuantifikasi)

Contoh: PASTA GIGI (toothpaste)

List of NeedsList of needs with ranksList of needs with ranks

The Method

List of Metrics

RDA: Relative Dentine AbrasivityPa:Pa.s:y/n:

List of Metrics

A matrix of needs and metricsA matrix of needs and metrics

The Competition

Parts of the needs chartParts of the needs chart

List of Specifications

Using Models

Two technical models of toothpasteTwo technical models of toothpaste

Using Models

Comparing different designs (economical design)Comparing different designs (economical design)

Looking Back

Apakah produk Anda terbaik? Jika tidak, dan Anda tidak dapat memperbaikinya hentikan!

Apakah pasar produk terbaik? Jika ya teruskan!

Create Concepts

Bio-fouling of Ships

First set of specificationsFirst set of specifications

Creating Concepts

The method for creating conceptsThe method for creating concepts

Splitting (Decomposing)

Splitting: to split the problem into sub-problems to analyse sub-functions.

Splitting a problem by splitting its nameSplitting a problem by splitting its name

Splitting (Decomposing)

What happens on a non-protected ship?What happens on a non-protected ship?

Splitting (Decomposing)

Getting ideas from the current methodGetting ideas from the current method

Searching for Existing Ideas

Sources (external information): Lead users – customers who are ahead of others

in exploiting the limits of your products Experts (consultants or university people), Patent literature, Open literature, Meetings (trade fairs or symposia), Products and product descriptions from the

competition.

Forming New Concepts

Guidelines: Suspend judgement on ideas in this stage Do not criticize Welcome daft ideas as these often lead to other

ideas Use graphical and physical media such as

blackboards in group sessions. Trick:

to avoid vertical thinking (use lateral thinking)

Forming New Concepts

Using lateral thinkingUsing lateral thinking

Using Concept Trees

Concept tree of existing anti-fouling conceptsConcept tree of existing anti-fouling concepts

Brainstorming

Concepts Remaining after a First Selection

SELECT A CONCEPT

CONCEPT SCREENING

Kebutuhan Konsep rujukan

Konsep A Konsep B Konsep C

…… 0 - + -

…… 0 + + +

…… 0 + - 0

…… 0 0 + -

Jumlah (-) 0 1 3 2

Jumlah (+) 0 2 1 1

Jumlah bersih 0 1 2 -1

Gabung Kembangkan Tinggalkan

CONCEPT SELECTION

CONCEPT TESTING

Informasi penerimaan konsumen akan konsep produk yang dipilih.

Teknik: Wawancara Questioner

FLOWSHEETING

METODE

FLOW DIAGRAM

NERACA MASSA

NERACA ENERGI