periodic table trends periodic table trends objectives: i can predict chemical reactivity for an...

Periodic Table Trends Periodic Table Trends Objectives:•I can predict chemical reactivity for an element based on its number of valence electrons and location on periodic table. •I can predict the charge for an element (ion) to reach maximum stability. •I can distinguish between metallic and non-metallic properties. •I can understand how the periodic table was organized by Mendeleev and Moseley.•I can graph and interpret periodic trends.

Chemistry 1/8/14Chemistry 1/8/14Objectives:Review Classroom ExpectationsAnalyze first semester grades.Review Chemical Stability ConceptsChemistry Midterm make-ups addressed

ASAP

Homework:Classroom Expectation Hand-out

signed/returned.Complete Chemical Stability Worksheet

ICP: /8/13ICP: /8/13Objectives:Review Classroom ExpectationsAnalyze first semester grades.Motion on Graph WorksheetChemistry Midterm make-ups addressed

ASAP

Homework:Student/Parent sign Classroom Expecation

Hand-outComplete Motion on Graph Worksheet

Chemistry 1/10/14Chemistry 1/10/14Objectives:Analyze first semester grades.Review Periodic Trends GraphsReview Chemical Stability Concepts

Homework:Classroom Expectation Hand-out

signed/returned.Complete Chemical Stability Worksheet

Analyze First Semester Analyze First Semester GradesGradesAddress reasons for scores.Address your graphs

Periodic Properties and Periodic Properties and TrendsTrendsAtomic Radius:

-Size of an atom.

-The distance from the nucleus to the outermost energy level in picometers, pm. (1pm = 1x10-12 m)

Ionization Energy:-The amount of energy needed to remove a valence electron

from an atom. -The amount of energy needed to overcome the attractive

force the ve- has with protons in the nucleus. -Energy required for an atom to become a cation, more

stable. Electronegativity: -The degree of attraction one atom’s protons has toward

another atom’s ve-.-Determines the type of bond between the atoms, ionic or

covalent.

Chemistry 1/13/14Chemistry 1/13/14Due: Chemical Stability Cross Word PuzzleClassroom Expectation Hand-Out signed.

Objectives:Review Chemical Stability ConceptsReview Periodic Trends Graphs

Homework:Periodic Table Worksheet

Chemical Stability Chemical Stability WorksheetWorksheet

Periodic Trends: Atomic Periodic Trends: Atomic RadiusRadius

Across a Period•Decreases

Down a Group•Increases

Periodic Table : Atomic Periodic Table : Atomic RadiusRadius

Periodic Trends: Ionization Periodic Trends: Ionization EnergyEnergy

Across a Period: •Increases

Down a Group:•Decreases

Periodic Trend: Periodic Trend: ElectronegativityElectronegativity

mmsphyschem.com

Across a Period:•Increases exceptnoble gases.

Down a Group: •Decreases except for noble gases.

Electronegativity and Chemical Electronegativity and Chemical BondingBonding•Do metals or non-metals have a greater electronegativity value?

Periodic Trends AnalysisPeriodic Trends AnalysisTo determine why your

term(atomic radius, ionization energy, or electronegativity) exhibits this trend across a period and down a group.

Think about the definition of your term and how it is affected across a period and down a group.

Periodic Trend ValuesPeriodic Trend Values

1. Use your atomic radius graph to rank the following elements in increasing atomic radius. Cl, Mg, Al, Na

2. Use your ionization energy graph to rank the following elements in decreasing ionization energy. Ba, Mg, Ca, Be

Chemical StabilityChemical StabilityOctet Rule: Atoms will gain, lose, or share valence

electrons to reach maximum stability.

What is maximum stability for most atoms?

8 valence electrons (ve-)Exceptions: H and He max. stability = 2 ve-

How do atoms achieve stability ? Atoms chemically bonding with other atoms.Formation of diverse compounds in nature.

Chemical Stability: Octet Chemical Stability: Octet RuleRuleMetals will lose ve- to reach stability.

Form a cation (+ charged)

Non-metals will gain ve- to reach stability.Form an anion (- charged)

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Chemical Stability-KeyChemical Stability-KeyDetermine what type of charge each

element below would form to reach maximum stability.

a. Sodium Na1+

b. Oxygen O2-

c. Argon Ard. Phosphorus p3-

e.Chromium Cr2+

Size of an IonSize of an IonUse the diagram below to determine what happens to the size of a neutral atom(parent atom) when it becomes an ion.

Size of a CationSize of a CationWhy is the cation smaller than its parent atom (neutral)?

Size of a CationSize of a CationA cation is smaller than its parent atom.Why? Because metals will lose an energy level in the process of becoming a cation.

Size of an AnionSize of an AnionWhy is an anion larger than its parent atom?

Size of an AnionSize of an AnionA anion is larger than its parent isotope. Why? Repulsion force increases as more electrons are added to the outer most energy level. Swells the energy level.

Size of IonsSize of Ions

1. Circle the atom that is larger in size.a. Ca or Ca2+

b. S or S2-

2. Circle the atom that is smaller in size.

a. Al or Al3+

b. N or N 3-