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© REACT Consortium 2019-2022 Page 1 of 47
GRANT AGREEMENT N°: 820869 Call: H2020-SC5-2018-2019-2020
Topic: CE-SC5-01-2018 Type of action: RIA
RECYCLING OF WASTE ACRYLIC TEXTILES
Periodical Technical Report
Part B
Period covered by the report: from 01/06/2019 to 30/11/2020
Periodic report: 1st
History of Changes
VERSION PUBLICATION DATE CHANGE
2.2 15/01/2021 1st Draft
Periodical Technical Report 1 – Part B
© REACT Consortium 2019-2022 Page 2 of 47
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GRANT AGREEMENT N°: 820869 .................................................................................................... 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................................................... 2
1 EXPLANATION OF THE WORK CARRIED OUT BY THE BENEFICIARIES AND
OVERVIEW OF THE PROGRESS .................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Explanation of the work carried per WP ................................................................................ 15
1.2.1 Work Package 1: Recollection, sorting and analysis of waste acrylic textiles; black logistic
implementation....................................................................................................................................... 15
1.2.2 Work package 2: Elimination of finishing chemical products ............................................... 21
1.2.3 Work package 3: Treatment of removed chemicals ............................................................... 26
1.2.4 Work package 4: Mechanical recycling and spinning ............................................................ 27
1.2.5 Work package 5: Textile production, finishing and testing.................................................... 29
1.2.6 Work package 6: LCA and Recommendations ...................................................................... 29
1.2.7 Work package 7: Dissemination and communication ............................................................ 31
1.2.8 Work package 8: Management ............................................................................................... 34
1.2.9 Work package 9: Ethics requirements .................................................................................... 35
ACCEPTED STANDARDIZATION CONTRIBUTIONS .............................................................. 40
1.3 Impact ..................................................................................................................................... 41
2 UPDATE OF THE PLAN FOR EXPLOITATION AND DISSEMINATION OF
RESULT ................................................................................................................................................ 43
3 UPDATE OF DATA MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................. 44
4 FOLLOW-UP ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS AND COMMENTS FROM
PREVIOUS REVIEW ......................................................................................................................... 45
5 DEVIATION FROM ANNEX 1 .......................................................................................... 46
5.1 Use of Resources .................................................................................................................... 46
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1 EXPLANATION OF THE WORK CARRIED OUT BY THE BENEFICIARIES AND OVERVIEW OF THE PROGRESS
This section provides a detailed presentation of each project objectives and its associated achievements
with a comprehensive summary of what has been accomplished during Period 1 of the project
(01/06/2019 to 30/11/2020).
The project work is progressing on schedule. All planned deliverables have been produced and all
respective milestones have been met.
1.1 Objectives
The overall aim of the project is to develop a method to remove undesirable substances
(fluorocarbons, melamine and acrylic resins, anti-mold agents) from waste of acrylic fabrics with
an environment friendly process to enhance their recycling, improve sustainability and reduce
environmental and health risk, as stated in Regulation (EC) No 1907/20061.
Therefore, the specific objectives of this proposal, to be reached within its 36 months duration, are:
• To remove those hazardous substances whose presence could adversely affect the quality of the secondary raw materials and prevent their recycling;
• To reach a removal rate of 90-95% of those substances;
• To treat up to 99% of all sewage impurities, obtained from removal steps, for safe utilisation
or disposal of these substances;
• To obtain a final textile product with yarn coming from 100% recycled fibre, mixing regenerated fibres from card, winding opened thread and waste material collected fibre, each up to 33%
• To re-use the acrylic textiles as raw material for other production cycles, also in combination with virgin fibres, to reach 30 % of waste prevented from disposal (3.600 tonnes total) for the outdoor sector (awnings and furnishing);
• To produce recommendations on production chain implementation (management and recovery of production scraps) and on design and manufacturing of materials to enhance
recyclability and recommendation for technology transfer (knowledge transfer to other products and applications) and for standards.
This aims to be beneficial and highly impactful for the whole environment and thereby improve quality
of life for all European citizens with overall resonance and high potential on a global scale.
Measurable output KPI Achieved
On time achievement of Objectives KPI 1.1 No delayed
Textile waste amount by type of finishing
applied KPI 1.2
Collected an amount larger than 3600
kg
Minimization of mistakes made in the
validation of the NIR model KPI 1.3
Zero mistakes in the validation of the
NIR model
Number of treated textile wastes KPI 2.1
3 – fabrics finished for awnings,
coated fabrics and fabrics finished for
outdoor furnishings
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Number of removed substances at lab scale KPI 2.2
4 – lab scale removal above 90% for
melamine formaldehyde resin,
fluorocarbon resin, acrylic resin and
softeners
Quantity of pollutants removed by type of
fabric KPI 2.3
Simple acid hydrolysis: only
melamine formaldehyde resin and
softeners are fully removed
Sequential treatment including UV
irradiation: all finishing compounds
are fully removed
Validation of NIR model KPI 2.4 To be performed
Removal quantity of pollutants from
wastewater KPI 3.1 To be performed
Influence of filtration in the water treatment
plant performance KPI 3.2 To be performed
Number of fibres that will have sufficient
length to be spun KPI 4.1 At least 87.5%
Efficiency of recycling: quantity of recycled
yarn obtained from 1 kg of waste fabric KPI 4.2 To be performed
Number of fabric trials for testing KPI 5.1 To be performed
Use of prototype as a new fully compliance
solar protection device (0=no 1=yes) KPI 5.2 To be performed
% of performances reached with eco-
friendly treatments in comparison with
current finishes
KPI 5.3 To be performed
Level of compliance with EU Ecolabel
specifications KPI 5.4 To be performed
Number of enterprises that could use
similar solutions KPI 6.1 To be performed
Number of other production areas selected
to maximize the dissemination results KPI 6.2 To be performed
Number relevant contacts reached among the primary target: industry researchers and
secondary target: policy makers and general
public
KPI 7.1
Around 1000 contacts between
Website, social media, events and
publications
Number of publications in scientific and
industrial magazines KPI 7.2
10 publications of vertical industry
magazines
Number of events organized and attended KPI 7.3 4 events attended
Flyers, posters/roll-ups KPI 7.4 1 flyer and 3 posters
Project website KPI 7.5 Around 1000 unique visitors to the
website
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Social media KPI 7.6
72 followers on Twitter, 67 followers
on LinkedIn, 140 YouTube channel
views
e-newsletter (published every 4 months) KPI 7.7 57 subscribers
Press releases KPI 7.8 1 press release
Videos KPI 7.9 2 videos published on the REACT
YouTube channel
On time achievement of milestones KPI 8.1 MS3 and MS9 delayed by 3 months
Cost variances against budget KPI 8.2 NyA
Number of incidents occurred KPI 8.3 No incidents
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GANTT CHART
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LIST OF DELIVERABLES
The following Deliverables were achieved in M1-M18 of the project.
Deliv
no.
Deliverable name WP
no.
Lead
Beneficiary
Natur
e
Disseminatio
n
level
Delivery
Date
From
Annex 1
Actual
Delivery
Date
Comments
D1.1 Plan design of waste storage WP1 PARA' SPA D Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
6 4th Dec. 19
D1.2 Classification system:
methodology for waste
classification
WP1 PARA' SPA OTH Public 12 2nd June 20
D1.3 Report on acrylic textile waste
characterization WP1 CENTROCOT R Public 18
D6.1 Life Cycle Environmental
Assessment Report for virgin
acrylic textile
WP6 CENTROCOT R
Public 15 31st Aug. 20
D6.2 Recommendation on
production chain and
backlogistic
WP6 PARA' SPA R Public 18
D7.1 Dissemination and
exploitation strategy and plan WP7 MARTEL
GMBH
R Public 3 9th Sept. 19
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D7.2 Intermediary report on
dissemination and exploitation
of results
WP7 MARTEL
GMBH
R Public 18 4th Dec. 20
D7.3 Mid-term policy report WP7 CENTROCOT R Public 18 Not yet
D8.1 Project quality and
contingency plan
WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
2 5th Aug. 19
D8.2 Internal Project Periodic
Report a WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
3 9th Sept. 19
D8.3 Internal Project Periodic
Report b
WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
6 4th Dec. 19
D8.4 Internal Project Periodic
Report c
WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of
9 28th Feb. 20
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the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
D8.5 Internal Project Periodic
Report d
WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
12 2nd June 20
D8.6 Internal Project Periodic
Report e
WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
15 31st Aug. 20
D8.12 Internal Financial Report a WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
6 4th Dec. 19
D8.13 Internal Financial Report b WP8 CENTROCOT R Confidential,
only for
members of
12 2nd June 20
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the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
D8.16 Data Management Plan WP8 CENTROCOT ORDP Public 6 24th Jan. 20
D9.1 EPQ - Requirement No. 1 WP9 CENTROCOT Ethics Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
3 2nd Oct. 19
D9.2 EPQ - Requirement No. 2 WP9 CENTROCOT Ethics Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
18 Not yet
D9.3 POPD - Requirement No. 3 WP9 CENTROCOT Ethics Confidential,
only for
members of
the
consortium
(including the
Commission
Services)
3 2nd Oct. 19
Table 1 : List of REACT Deliverables
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DELIVERABLE ABSTRACTS
D1.1: Plan design of waste storage
Design of a plan for collection, organisation and storage of textile waste
D1.2: Classification system: methodology for waste classification
Development of a classification method for Identification, classification and registration of textile
waste coming from production process or products at the end of their life
D1.3: Report on acrylic textile waste characterization
Report on characterization of acrylic textile waste with different kind of techniques, in order to
evaluate which kinds of chemical products must be removed
D6.1: Life Cycle Environmental Assessment Report for virgin acrylic textile
LCA analysis of virgin acrylic textile performed following PEF method and taking into account
inputs and outputs of each process, such as energy, water and chemicals consumption, gas emission,
waste generation.
D6.2: Recommendation on production chain and backlogistic
New references on production chain for the management of textile industrial waste and references
on back logistic, for the implementation of take-back and rental-services approaches.
D7.1: Dissemination and exploitation strategy and plan
The Dissemination and Communication Strategy and Plan will be the guideline for dissemination and
communication activities throughout the entire project duration.
D7.2: Intermediary report on dissemination and exploitation of results
The Intermediary Report on Dissemination and Communication will outline of the intermediary
results for dissemination and communication activities throughout the half project duration
D7.3: Mid-term policy report
The mid-term policy report will include initial recommendations on research and innovation; policy
for the engagement of the European industries, SMEs, Research centres and end-users;
environmental legislation and policy.
D8.1: Project quality and contingency plan
A Quality & Contingency Plan will be structured, containing procedures to monitor quality of
activities and tackle any risk or incident if it happens and including Gantt table, List of Deliverables
and Milestones, Risk Assessment, and List of Key Performance Indicators.
D8.2: Internal Project Periodic Report a
Periodic monitoring of the progression of work activities, ensuring that both the general project
objectives and the individual work package objectives are met by comparing the estimated baseline
against actual performance.
D8.3: Internal Project Periodic Report b
Periodic monitoring of the progression of work activities, ensuring that both the general project
objectives and the individual work package objectives are met by comparing the estimated baseline
against actual performance.
D8.4: Internal Project Periodic Report c
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Periodic monitoring of the progression of work activities, ensuring that both the general project
objectives and the individual work package objectives are met by comparing the estimated baseline
against actual performance.
D8.5: Internal Project Periodic Report d
Periodic monitoring of the progression of work activities, ensuring that both the general project
objectives and the individual work package objectives are met by comparing the estimated baseline
against actual performance.
D8.6: Internal Project Periodic Report e
Periodic monitoring of the progression of work activities, ensuring that both the general project
objectives and the individual work package objectives are met by comparing the estimated baseline
against actual performance.
D8.12: Internal Financial Report a
Systematic Financial Report to monitor the progress of project expenditure to be sent and discussed
with Partners in a phone/skype conference or in a meeting
D8.13: Internal Financial Report b
Systematic Financial Report to monitor the progress of project expenditure to be sent and discussed
with Partners in a phone/skype conference or in a meeting
D8.16: Data Management Plan
The data management plan will be structured to define how to check regularly GDPR compliance of
the project and freedom to operate (FTO). In particular, the data management plan will describe model,
use and check instruments to assure IPR analysis during project development. Instruments as Non-
Disclosure Agreement, Consortium Agreement, Contract R&D, Consultancy and Licensing will be
used in IPR matters during the project and in its exploitation phase.
D9.1: EPQ - Requirement No. 1 [3]
Further information about the measures that will be taken to mitigate the risks of possible harm to the
environment including details on the safe disposal of sewage impurities and other hazardous substances,
especially as regards the Wastewater treatment Scale-Up in T3.3 must be submitted as a deliverable. -
Copies of authorisations for relevant facilities (e.g., security classification of laboratory) must be kept
on file. - The beneficiaries must confirm that appropriate health and safety procedures, conforming to
relevant local/national guidelines/legislation, will be followed for staff involved in this project before
the related work starts and copies of relevant authorisations must be kept on file.
D9.2: EPQ - Requirement No. 2
The beneficiaries must ensure that the work of subcontractor in Task 2.5 will comply with necessary
safeguards and mitigating measures to minimize the environmental risks and harmful effects for human
health. This must be submitted as deliverable before relevant work starts.
D9.3: POPD - Requirement No. 3
The beneficiaries must confirm GDPR compliance, including relevant systems and privacy practices
and deploy privacy-by-design and privacy-by-default. - The beneficiaries must provide a statement that
technical and organisational measures compliant with GDPR will be implemented. - The beneficiaries
must confirm that personal data transfer between the EU and non-EU countries will be in accordance
with Chapter 5 of GDPR and with the laws of the countries in which the data was collected. - Data
Processing Agreement/Addendum (or equivalent) with data processor (i.e. LinkedIn, Twitter etc.)
including relevant assessment of the controls of third party who store or process personal data - must
be kept on file.
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List of Milestones
The following Milestones were achieved in M1-M18 of the project.
Mileston
e No.
Milestone name Related
WP(s)
no.
Lead
beneficiar
y
Delivery date
from Annex I
Actual
Delivery Date
Means of
Verification
Achieved Comments
MS1 Recollection of minimum
quantities for tearing and
spinning (50 kg) for one
category
WP1 PARA'
SPA
8 Recollection of
minimum
quantities for
tearing and
spinning (50 kg)
for one category
MS2 Recollection of 2000 kg
of waste to reach 3600 kg
at the end of the project
WP1 PARA'
SPA
12 Recollection of
2000 kg of waste
to reach 3600 kg at
the end of the
project
MS3 Identification of removal
processes with efficacy al
least of 80% for each
finishing type
WP2 Ghent
University
14 Identification of
removal processes
with efficacy al
least of 80% for
each finishing type
Y Extensive report
available. The
milestone was
achieved later than
the projected
delivery date due to
COVID-19 delays,
as agreed upon.
MS4 1 cleaned sample for each
of the 3 identified
finishing types
Ghent
University
12 1 cleaned sample
for each of the 3
identified finishing
types
Y
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MS8 Project website and
social media accounts
online
WP7 MARTEL 2 19th July 19 Project website and
social media
accounts online
Y
MS9 Engagement workshop
organised
WP7 MARTEL 1 29th Oct 20 Engagement
Workshop
Y The workshop,
planned for May
2020, was
postponed as
online webinar in
October 2020 due
to COVID.
Table 2 : REACT Milestones
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1.2 Explanation of the work carried per WP
The PERT chart indicating the interactions between the work packages is shown below:
1.2.1 Work Package 1: Recollection, sorting and analysis of waste acrylic textiles;
black logistic implementation
Work Package 1 was successfully concluded in November 2020, fully complying with the objectives
set. It provided the knowledge base and gave direction for the further work in the REACT project.
This work package developed a model for collection and sorting of textile waste, with logistic and
business aspects. The collected waste has characterized in order to correctly address its following
treatment.
The objectives were:
• To collect at least 3600 Kg of acrylic textile waste from industrial and post-consumer source
• To perform the characterization of at least 10 waste samples
• To identify 3 categories of finishing and substances to be removed in WP2
WP1 is split into two tasks: Task 1.1: Back logistic approach; Task 1:2: Waste Characterization.
Sub-Work Package 1.1: Task 1.1: Back logistic approach
In a first step, groups of acrylic textile waste (“waste families”) and the storage space in order to host
and develop a real the waste collection model were identified.
The activities carried out:
• Logistic issue: identification and definition of locations to collect and store acrylic waste;
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• Classification system: adoption/ development of registration methodology to store and sort all
the collected waste, classifying them by waste type, colour, quantity, pattern/texture, finishing,
installation place (related to sales volume and weathering) and finishing category;
• Industrial waste management: collection of waste coming from production processes (spinning,
warping, weaving, finishing, quality control) and separation by different shape (fibre, yarn and
fabric);
• Distribution: delivery of collected waste, according to their classification, to other partners for
the next steps, such as elimination treatment of hazardous substances and mechanical recycling.
REACT would to increase the recycling rate and reduced landfill and incineration of secondary raw
materials Therefore, REACT aims to reduce the incineration rate of waste from landfill acrylic fabrics
by at least 30% for the external sector (awnings and furniture).
In this context, PARA 'to design the warehouse waste (storage) has first analysed the entire production
chain and highlighted all types of waste produced. Below, table 1 defines the purposes for classifying
waste and the types of waste produced during the PARA production processes.
Actions Approach
Classification system adoption/ development of registration methodology to
store and sort all the collected waste, classifying them
by waste type, colour, quantity, pattern/texture,
finishing, installation place (related to sales volume and
weathering) and finishing category
Industrial waste management Collection of waste coming from production process
(spinning, warping, weaving, finishing) and their
classification (fibre, yarn and fabric).
PARA’ has developed a new type of "talking label" in which it is possible to obtain information
regarding the sending partner, the type of waste, its origin and the date of shipment.
In order to better understand how it is possible to recover post-consumer waste, we have released some
interviews with our most important customers in different sectors of use of acrylic fabrics, awnings,
umbrellas and furniture.
This labelling action is useful for the characterization and distribution phase of the waste to the project
partners in order to proceed with laboratory analyses and / or subsequent chemical and mechanical tests.
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The results of the work carried out are described in the deliverable D1.1 Plan design of waste
storage which was delivered according to plan.
PARA’ identified all the different types of waste from the different stages of the production cycle. It
should be noted that fabrics and / or products that generate waste can be sub-categories in three other
categories. The sub-categories are closely related to the type of finishing applied to the fabric that makes
up the product.
Waste families
Below all the different types of waste from the different phases of the production cycle identified by
PARA’:
1) Spinning:
• Waste 1-1W from carding: no-separable multicolour (1) or white (1W) fibre;
• Waste 2 from carding: powder coming from suction filters – no-separable
multicolour fibre;
• Waste 3 from spinning machine: no-separable multicolour fibre;
• Waste 4-4W from spinning machine: no-separable multicolour (4) and white (4W)
yarn;
• Waste 5 from winder machine: single-colour separable yarn.
2) Weaving:
• Waste 6: multicolour yarn coming from the cutting of selvages (weaving
department).
3) Finishing:
• Waste 7: from finishing machine: multi-colour selvages with finish applied.
4) Quality Control:
• Waste 8 processing waste: finished fabrics coming from the quality control
department with the same finish as waste 7.
Collection of awnings and furniture fabrics at the end of their life –logistic organization and
pick up:
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5) Customer’s processing waste:
• Waste 8 A1-8B1-8C1: fabrics coming from our customer that cuts and sews the
finished fabrics, so it is a waste completely comparable to waste 8. In this case we
have to manage the recovery from the customers sites;
6) Awnings / umbrella / furniture at the “end of life”:
• Waste 9: handmade articles of awnings, umbrella and furniture exposed in different
sites with different type of deposed dirty. We will collect awnings with 2 different
finish type A and B and furniture with finish C:
o awnings and umbrellas with finish A (standard) multi-colour and white;
o awnings with finish B (coated) multi-colour and white;
o Furniture multi-colour finishes C.
The following shows all the waste identified with the active sources of supply of the raw materials
used during production.
Sub-Work Package 1.2: Task 1.2: Waste Characterization
First, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry
(mDSC) were used to determine the glass transition temperature of the raw substrate fibres (approximately 100ºC, or 85-90ºC when plasticised with 2-3 m% water). In total, 16 DSC experiments
and 10 mDSC experiments were carried out.
Next, the raw fabrics were chemically identified by way of Fourier-transformed Infrared Spectroscopy
by Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR). Alongside information provided by Parà SPA, the fabric
was identified as a combination of 93% polyacrylonitrile and 7% polyvinyl acetate, and an infrared
spectrum of each chemical bond in this fabric was obtained; see Figure 1.2.1.1. Characterisation of the
fabric by Fourier-transformed Raman Spectroscopy was also attempted 12 times but yielded no usable
results.
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Figure 1.2.1.1 – FTIR-ATR spectrum of the raw acrylic fabric, acting as a fingerprint for the chemical bonds.
As defined in deliverable D1.2, there are three types of acrylic fabric waste, corresponding to three
different finishes applied to the fabric: fabrics for awnings and umbrellas (awning finish), coated fabrics
(coating), and fabrics for outdoor furnishings (furnishing finish). The finishes are applied to the acrylic
fabric substrate with wetting agents and catalysts, but the constituent components of these finishes that
remain on the fabric after finishing are as shown in Figure 1.2.1.2.
Figure 2.2.1.2 – Identified chemical finish components on the three different finishing categories
Similarly, to the raw fabric characterisation, FTIR-ATR was used to chemically characterise the three
different finishes present on the waste fabrics. This was done on both liquid samples of the finishes –
provided by Soft Chemicals – and samples of finished fabrics – provided by Parà SPA. The spectra
gained in this way were later used to evaluate the effectiveness of any proposed finish removal
processes; see Task 2.4.
Through a standardized method, the fabrics were analysed by HPLC-MS to identify the chemical
composition and concentration of the perfluorinated compounds present in the finishing. Different
families of samples were analysed, finding the same chemical composition of the fluorocarbon resin
present on the fabric. Concentration values showed a 75% decrease in fluorocarbon resin in end-of-life
fabrics.
Ghent University did not only chemically characterise the waste materials, but also mechanically
characterised the acrylic fibres via fibre-scale tensile testing. This revealed the fabric – before any finish
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removal process – to have a mean linear density of 2.08 dtex, maximum force of 6.65 cN, tenacity of
3.21 cN/dtex, elongation at break of 25.4% and Young’s modulus (between 0% and 1% elongation) of
3.28 GPa.
At the same time, Near-Infrared Reflectance analysis (NIR) of acrylic fabric is used to create database
and identify the main categories of finishing, in order to fix the standard products and to evaluate their
presence and characteristics. NIR analysis is a fast and not destructive method that allows with the
implementation of chemometric approach the determination of effective material characteristics and
define evaluation parameters, such as kind of finishing and concentration. The goal is to implement in
the developed system a NIR automatic forecasting method and models to identify and subsequently
classify collected waste, in comparison with original textile, with an error lower than 25%. The database
created will allow for the identification of chemicals or other contaminants on treated fibres and chose,
for each waste, the best treatment developed for their removal. In this way, it could be possible to set
the more appropriate scouring treatment corresponding to the impurities on the acrylic surfaces.
Centrocot analysed 40 samples for each classification family resulting from quality control with NIR.
The data obtained were treated using chemometric models (statistical and mathematical methods)
developing different prediction models in order to obtain a recognition of the raw fabric and of the three
identified finishes. The best model led to a 100% validation not finding any fabric prediction errors.
The results of the work carried out are described in the deliverables D1.2 Classification system:
methodology for waste classification and D1.3 Report on acrylic textile waste characterization which
were delivered according to plan.
PARA’ SPA
Major contributions to and review of D1.1, in particular with respect to the creation of the macro model
for the storage and of creation of waste groups; contributions to and review of D1.2, elaboration of a
methodology for selection and assessment of best characterization technologies; contributions to and
review of D1.3
CENTROCOT
Centrocot analysed fabrics from Parà using FT-ATR, HPLC-MS and NIR. He developed the prediction
system using NIR data with chemometric methods, developed at different steps and refining the
parameters to minimize the error.
Soft Chemicals
Soft Chemicals participated in Task 1.2.
Soft Chemicals proceeded by collecting samples of batches provided to Parà SPA, of products used to
finish acrylic textiles in order to start with chemical characterisation. This specific operation was done in order to focus on which kinds of chemical products need to be removed, side by side with Centrocot,
its subcontractor – the University of Bergamo, and Ghent University. After preliminary evaluations,
Soft Chemicals selected the suitable support on where testing each chemical product in order to be easily
removed for subsequent chemical treatment. Another relevant task was to identify chemicals used for
acrylic finishing by gathering the infrared spectrum of melamine resin with a relative catalyst, and of
fluorocarbon resin. A series of infrared spectra of the waste acrylic fabrics were also gathered, in order
to obtain a possible standard infrared reference of the chemical contaminants involved.
CETI
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We have received from PARA 1417 kg textiles for the experiments of fraying planned in WP4. For an
improvement of the follow-up of the work we agreed with PARA to set up a file to follow the flows of
the different wastes sent and tested.
Type of waste
kg First
destination
date of shipment
Quantity of fiber
obtain
Send to
Yarn kg
destination to
chemical treatment
s
date of shipment
n° of warping trial
n° of weaving trial
open end
ring
W6 125 CETI 04/12/2019 120
8kg (yarn) to Parà
88kg still at CETI
8 no sept-20 1
1A- 100%
recycled
1B- weft virgin yarn
W7A 106 CETI 04/12/2019 76 69kg still at
CETI
W8A1 144 CETI 04/12/2019 106 Still at CETI
W6 266 CETI 05/08/2020 235 Jak spinning 16/09/2020
W7A 255 CETI 05/08/2020 225 Jak spinning 16/09/2020
W8A1 252 CETI 05/08/2020 222 Jak spinning 16/09/2020
8A 150 CETI 26/11/2020 Still at CETI
8AW1 134 CETI 26/11/2020 Still at CETI
Table 1.2.1.1 Tracking Quantities of Waste Sent by PARA
Ghent University
Ghent University participated in Task 1.2 and fully characterised the waste provided by Parà SPA.
Ghent University performed different analysis on the fabrics received by Parà, including DSC, mDSC,
FT-ATR and mechanical tests.
1.2.2 Work package 2: Elimination of finishing chemical products
This work package aims at the elimination of chemical products from the acrylic textile substrate, mainly
composed by resins and water-repellent finishing, that could be hazardous and could affect the
recyclability of waste material.
WP2 is split into five tasks: Task 2.1: Chemical removal; Task 2.2: Red-Ox removal; Task 2.3: Physical
pre—treatment; Task 2.4: Removal effectiveness; Task 2.5: Scale Up. Task 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 were merged
into “Removal processes” and expanded on, based on the experimental results. As per the REACT
proposal, Ghent University acted as the lead beneficiary and work package leader and worked with
Centrocot (with the University of Bergamo as its subcontractor), Soft Chemicals and CETI on Tasks
2.1-2.3, and with Centrocot (with the University of Bergamo as its subcontractor) and Soft Chemicals
on Task 2.4. Task 2.5 was headed by Soft Chemicals and supported by Centrocot (with the University
of Bergamo as its subcontractor).
TASK 2.1-2.3: Removal processes
Originally, focus was placed on the melamine formaldehyde resin component, and acid and alkaline
hydrolysis treatments were developed to remove this component, based on scientific literature.
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Preliminary experiments were carried out by chemical bath treatment, and found that alkaline hydrolysis
alone would not work, but acid hydrolysis treatment was more promising. Thus, alkaline hydrolysis was
discarded, and a cheap, single-step acid hydrolysis treatment was created instead.
This acid hydrolysis treatment was optimised at Ghent University through design of experiment
(definitive screening design) and statistical modelling, providing robust removal of all melamine
formaldehyde resin and softeners, as evaluated by FTIR-ATR (see Task 2.4 for the description of the
removal effectiveness evaluation). The results of the two best removal treatments, termed “maximum
removal” and “industrial removal”, are shown in Figures 1.2.2.1 and 1.2.2.2. Note that the fluorocarbon
resin removal was only partial, and the acrylic coating could not be removed. More than 350 FTIR-ATR
tests and more than 100 chemical bath experiments were carried out to reach these results.
Figure 1.2.2.1 - Results of the acid hydrolysis treatments corresponding to the "maximum removal" parameter
set.
Figure 1.2.2.2 - Results of the acid hydrolysis treatments corresponding to the "industrial removal" parameter
set.
Tensile tests were also carried out throughout the screening design (more than 30 sets of 50 tests each)
and proved that – overall – no significant damage was wrought to the fibres’ mechanical properties
during these acid hydrolysis treatments. The linear density of the fibres was not significantly different before or after treatment, with two anomalies. The maximum force the fibres could resist (force at break)
and their tenacity (specific strength) similarly did not change much, with just a few samples showing
some statistically significant reduction. At the maximum, this resulted in a 10% loss of maximum force
or tenacity. The elongation at break did not change significantly for 23 of the samples and increased for
the remaining 13. The Young's modulus of the fibres (measured between 0% and 1% elongation)
generally increased in a statistically significant manner after treatment.
At the University of Bergamo – the subcontractor for Centrocot – sequential treatments were
investigated, consisting of acid and alkaline hydrolysis steps, but also of washing with a clay-based
detergent, thus combining chemical with mechanical treatments; see Figure 1.2.2.3. Several good
treatments were designed, that succeeded in removing all the melamine formaldehyde resin and
softeners, and even managed to remove a large fraction of the fluorocarbon and acrylic resins. The most
favourable sequential treatments were “A + C + B” or “B* + C + A”
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Figure 1.2.2.3 – Chemical and mechanical treatments designed and performed at the University of Bergamo to
remove the chemical finishes.
The products used in these sequential treatments were developed and formulated by Soft Chemicals,
such as eco-scouring agent SOFTDET AT, wetting agent SOFTWET IP 97, sequestering and acid donor
SEQUESTER EMG/SB, detergent agent DETERGENT B10P and the specific detergent for alkaline
hydrolysis SOFTCLEANER T NEW.
To improve the removal of the fluorocarbon and acrylic resins, ultraviolet (UV) radiation treatments
were investigated, with a wavelength of 253.7 nm. This treatment was performed on dry samples for 10
or 60 minutes. This UV irradiation was applied to samples that had already undergone chemical
treatments and yielded excellent results for the sequential treatments developed by the University of
Bergamo. The best combination of treatments displayed the ability to remove 90% or more of each
finishing type (Figure 1.2.2.4), thus achieving the objective of WP2: “B* + C (+ A) + UV (60 min) +
A”. This combination of treatments allows Soft Chemicals to start the pre-industrial scale-up process.
The first ‘A’ step (washing with a clay-based detergent) was shown to be unnecessary to obtain the
desired removal of the components and is therefore shown in brackets: “B* + C (+ A) + UV (60 min) +
A”.
Figure 1.2.2.4 - Results of the UV radiation treatments following the best chemical and mechanical treatments,
performed at the University of Bergamo, as evaluated by FTIR-ATR.
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While the goal of the WP has already been achieved, it is possible that the removal protocol may be
further improved by first applying the UV treatment, before any chemical treatment, as it attacks the
same chemical bonds within the molecular structure of the resin components. This will be further
investigated and may lead to simpler, cheaper treatments.
It should be noted that as of yet, no mechanical tests have been performed on the sequentially treated
fabrics, nor on the fabrics treated with UV radiation. As such, no statement can be made yet concerning
any possible damage these treatments may cause to the fibres’ mechanical properties. The tests are
currently being executed.
In conclusion, the goals of WP2 for Tasks 2.1-2.3 were to reach a removal rate of 90-95% of those
hazardous substances whose presence could adversely affect the quality of the secondary raw materials
and prevent their recycling, and to treat textile waste with 3 categories of finishing and substances,
identified in WP1, at lab scale. These goals were both achieved, and all results have been extensively
documented in a report for milestone MS3, as a basis for Task 2.5.
TASK 2.4: Removal effectiveness
To evaluate a finish removal process, the amount of any finishing component on the acrylic fabric
substrate before and after this process must be compared. For this project, the amounts of a certain
finishing component were measured quantitatively by FTIR-ATR. Additional qualitative tests were
done at the University of Bergamo in the form of water and oil repellency tests, to better understand the
influence of any remaining fluorocarbon and acrylic resin.
FTIR-ATR provides an infrared spectrum where each peak corresponds to a certain chemical bond
within the scanned sample. If characteristic peaks can be found for each component of each finish, the
removal of that component after treatment can be evaluated by measuring how much of that
characteristic peak was removed.
To find these characteristic peaks, a FTIR-ATR spectrum of an unfinished sample was subtracted from
a FTIR-ATR spectrum of a finished sample (before treatment), yielding a FTIR-ATR spectrum of the
pure finish. These were in accordance with the FTIR-ATR spectra of the liquid finishing compounds.
All spectra were taken using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS50 FT-IR. Infrared spectrum analysis
software (KnowItAll Informatics System 2020) was then used to find the prominent peaks that
correspond to the individual components within these finish spectra, as given here.
• Melamine formaldehyde resin: triazine (C3N3) ring stretch peak [1580-1520 cm-1]
• Fluorocarbon resin: CF2 symmetric stretch peak [1160-1140 cm-1]
• Acrylic resin: ester C=O stretch peak [1730-1725 cm-1]
• Softener: acid C-O stretch peak [1260-1230 cm-1]
To finally evaluate the effectiveness at which a finish component was removed, three FTIR-ATR spectra
were always compared (see Figure 1.2.2.5): the spectrum of a sample before treatment (starting
situation), the spectrum of the sample after treatment (what was achieved), and a spectrum of an
unfinished sample (the ideal goal to achieve). All samples were first acclimated to a room at 25°C and
65% relative humidity for at least 24 hours, before measuring these spectra. Baseline corrections and
normalisations were carried out using SpectraGryph 1.2, and then the reduction of each characteristic
peak was calculated from the three spectra via a self-written script using Python 3.5, and Visual Basic
in Microsoft Excel 2016.
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Figure 1.2.2.5 – Example evaluation of the removal of melamine formaldehyde resin via the characteristic peak
of the triazine (C3N3) ring stretch around 1550 cm-1.
Where FTIR-ATR spectra evaluation failed to yield accurate results for the removal of the fluorocarbon
and acrylic resins, water, and oil repellency tests were carried out at the University of Bergamo. These
followed the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Test Method 118-2002
for oil repellency (hydrocarbon resistance), technically equivalent to ISO standard 14419. The water
and oil repellency tests were carried out on acrylic fabrics treated with acid/alkaline hydrolysis and clay-
based detergent washing, before and after UV irradiation to assess the contribution of the UV radiation
treatment to the finish removal. The commonly used solutions for the tests were demineralised water,
and "composition 1" and "composition 2" as mentioned in the standard, consisting of 100% Kaydol and
65:35 Kaydol:n-hexadecane by volume, respectively. This test allowed to confirm the sufficient removal
of the fluorocarbon and acrylic resin from the samples by qualitatively demonstrating that they are no
longer water or oil repellent; see Figure 1.2.2.6.
Figure 1.2.2.6 – Confirmation of fluorocarbon and acrylic resin removal by evaluation of the water and oil
repellency for the best combination of treatments B*+C(+A)_UV(60min)_A (8AW – awning finish, 8BW –
coated sample and 8CW – furnishing finish).
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In conclusion, the goal of Task 2.4 was to find a method to assess the finish removal rate thanks to
laboratory testing, and this was achieved.
The following is a summary of the work carried out in WP2 by each partner
Ghent University: UGent evaluated the removal process of finishes on 3 waste categories (awnings,
coatings and furnishings) at laboratory scale, via a cheap, one step process: acid hydrolysis. The removal
process was optimised via a design of experiment approach and the removal effectiveness was evaluated
via FTIR-ATR analysis. Complete removal of the melamine formaldehyde resin and softeners was
possible via this approach. Tensile testing proved that no significant fibre damage was wrought to the
fibres mechanical properties by this one step treatment.
Centrocot (with subcontractor University of Bergamo): Centrocot, investigated the removal process of
finishes on 3 waste categories (awnings, coatings, and furnishings) at laboratory scale by carrying out sequential treatments, consisting of acid and alkaline hydrolysis steps, but also of washing with a clay-
based detergent, thus combining chemical with mechanical treatments. At the same time, were
investigated the contribution of UV radiation to the treatment. The removal process was optimized with
several combination of treatment. The removal effectiveness was evaluated through ATR, HPLC-MS
analysis, and oil repellency tests. The best combination of treatments led to fabrics with no-longer water
and oil repellency properties.
Soft Chemicals: Soft Chemicals aims to give contribute have developed, studied, and formulated
different specific products for chemical attacks such as eco-scouring agent SOFTDET AT, wetting agent
SOFTWET IP 97, sequestering and acid donor SEQUESTER EMG/SB, detergent agent DETERGENT
B10P and specific detergent for alkaline hydrolysis SOFTCLEANER T NEW.
Our research and development team have done several washing trials regarding tasks 2.1-2.2 and 2.3 on
acrylic waste textile 8A-8AW-8C provided from Parà to test relative efficiency.
Treatments have been done under pressure conditions with alkaline and acid hydrolysis.
Acid hydrolysis with SEQUESTER EMG/SB (sequestering agent developed by Soft Chemicals) has
allowed to obtain great results.
Several trials have been carried out in order to help partners in a creations of calibration curves to
determinate removal efficiency.
Soft Chemicals has developed and identified a pilot plan where is possible to wash waste acrylic working
under pressure condition and to treat directly frayed waste acrylic in order to obtain as efficacy as
possible
CETI: After the various experiments, the choice was made to work on the removal of the coating on
textiles in the state of fibres. We will therefore send 150kg of W8A and 134kg of W8AW1 (gross
quantities which do not consider the loss of material due to the fraying process) to Soft Chemicals for
coating shrinkage tests. Fraying of these materials is planned for January.
1.2.3 Work package 3: Treatment of removed chemicals
The focus of this work package shows that the characterization of effluent streams from removal
processes is very important to develop strategies for water treatment and reuse. To optimize treatment
and reuse possibilities, textile industry waste streams will be in principle considered separately. When
the characteristics of the separate streams are known, it will be decided which streams may be combined
to improve treatability and increase reuse options. Wastewater will be treated through conventional
anaerobic, aerobic, and combined anaerobic–aerobic biodegradation techniques.
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Centrocot has begun to coordinate with UGent and UNIBg for the recovery of wastewater from fabric
cleaning processes. The work carried out by UGent and UNIBg in WP2 removes the finishing from the
fabric, the chemical residues that remain in the wastewater must be treated to decrease the pollutant load
in the wastewater. Treatments for the elimination of finishes that reach removal values similar to or
higher than the project objectives (80% removal) are subject to analysis.
The wastewater from the best treatment was collected separately for each process, on which common
water analysis and a wide-ranging screening will be performed. The latter with the aim of identifying
and trying to recover the chemical compounds.
Centrocot
Centrocot is collecting the wastewater of the best treatment (B* + C + UV (60 min) + A), separately for
each step and will start preliminary analysis.
1.2.4 Work package 4: Mechanical recycling and spinning
Within the framework of the REACT project, the objective is to study the feasibility of the fraying of
the so-called "outdoors" fabrics coming from the uncoated outdoor awnings. These textiles are
composed of acrylic fibres. The main objective is to achieve a total fraying of the fabrics while retaining
the greatest length of fibre.
3 different materials were received and frayed:
W8A1: multicolour fabrics for awnings/umbrellas from quality control dpt
(PA-DCA-051219 W8A1M1) (144kg) MP-072
W7A: Multicolour selvedge of awnings/umbrellas from finishing dpt
(PA-ICA-051219 W7AP1) (106kg) MP-073
W6: Multicolour selvedge from weaving dpt
(PA-ICU-051219 W6P1) (120kg) MP-074
A part of the fibres has been frayed in one step (4 rolls) and another part in 2 steps (2 x 4 rolls) in order
to optimize the quality of the fibres (by reducing the number of remaining yarns).
The obtained fibres are compared in term of Short fibres content, mean length and upper half mean
length:
Short Fibres Content
(SFC) [%]
Mean Length
(ML) [mm]
Upper Half Mean Length
(UHM) [mm]
One step Two steps One step Two steps One step Two steps
W8A1M1 -
Multicolour
fabrics for
awnings/um
brellas from
quality
control dpt
MP751
15,8 %
MP751
16,4 mm
MP751
23,2 mm
W7AP1 -
Multicolour
MP754 – 3 MP752 MP754 – 3 MP752 MP754 – 3 MP752
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selvedges of
awnings/um
brellas from
finishing dpt
16,8 %
MP754 – 4
24,7 %
18,1 % 16,0 mm
MP754 – 4
14,0 mm
16,1 mm 23,1 mm
MP754 – 4
22,0 mm
22,8 mm
W6P1 -
Multicolour
selvedges
from
weaving dpt
MP754 – 1
10,1 %
MP754 – 2
8,7 %
MP753
7,1 %
MP754 – 1
21,6 mm
MP754 – 2
22,0 mm
MP753
24,2 mm
MP754 – 1
31,8 mm
MP754 – 2
32,5 mm
MP753
34,8 mm
Table 1.2.4.1: Fibre length values according to the type of waste
Following the fraying of the acrylic textile, the next trial consists to evaluate the feasibility of the
spinning of the different obtained fibres. The target is to obtain a yarn made with 100% of recycled
acrylic fibres.
The first step is the carding. This step consists of realise the sliver which will be used on the open-end
spinning technology. Frayed fibres from W8A1M1, W7AP1 and W6P1 (frayed in 2 steps) has been used
on the carding machine. The carding of W7AP1 and W8A1M1 was not possible with 100% of recycled
fibres. The sliver was too brittle to be used on spinning due to the low lengths of the fibres.
Only, fibres obtained from W6P1 (ML = 24 ,2 mm, UHM = 34,8 mm) having the longest fibres allowed
us to realise a sliver containing 100% of recycled fibres. The sliver weight is 5g/m and carding speed
17 kg/h.
The spinning was made on open-end which is the best technology of spinning for recycled fibres having
a low length.
Due to a low length of the frayed fibres, Multicolour fabrics for awnings/umbrellas from quality control
dpt (W8A1M1) and Multicolour selvedge of awnings/umbrellas from finishing dpt (W7AP1) did not
allow us to prototype a yarn made of 100% recycled fibres.
The length of the fibres obtain with Multicolour selvedge from weaving dpt (W6P1) is higher and
allowed us to produce a sliver which can be used for yarn spinning. Using 100% of fibres from
Multicolour selvedge from weaving dpt (W6P1), 8 bobbins has been prototyped: 4 bobbins Nm34 with
an alpha twist of 145 and 4 bobbins Nm34 with an alpha twist of 150.
Yarn
Co
un
t
Ten
acit
y
Elo
nga
tio
n
Max
imu
m F
orc
e
CV
%
[Nm
]
[cN
/dTe
x]
[%]
[cN
]
[%]
Reference USTER Nm 34 Viscose Open-end 34 1,02-1,43
10,1-13,4
297-417 12,2-14,8
Reference USTER Nm34 Acrylique CAF 34 1,34-1,70 11-15,8 394-500
12,3-14,4
1 - 2 - 3 - 4 Nm 34 Alpha 150 33,8 1,27 17,6 368,6 14,1
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4 - 5 - 6 - 7 Nm 34 Alpha 145 33,9 1,13 16,8 334,4 13,0
Table 1.2.4.2: Characteristics of the 100% recycled acrylic yarns obtained
In conclusion, in order to use other recycled fibres from W8A1M1 and W7AP1 or other waste, the
recycled fibres have to be blend with X% of acrylic virgin fibres.
CETI
CETI has carried out fraying tests on different types of waste collected by Parà. CETI spun the material
without a frayed finish, creating a recycled yarn with an open-end process
JAK Spinning
1.2.5 Work package 5: Textile production, finishing and testing
WP5 started in September 2020.
WP5 comprises three tasks: Task 5.1: Textile production process; Task 5.2: Finishing; Task 5.3:
Prototyping.
During reporting period 1 only Task 5.1 was active. Task 5.2 will start in month 22 and Task 5.3 will
start in month 31.
After effective and efficient eco-friendly removal of chemical substances, mechanical recycling and
spinning trials, WP5 will re-introduce the collected waste on the market through weaving for the
production of new textile goods, at preindustrial level. So prepared recycled acrylic fabrics will be
treated during textile finishing processes in order to obtain high performances in line with the
requirements for ecological demands like formaldehyde and PFOA limitations and regulations.
CETI
CETI produced about 8 kg of open-end yarns.
PARÀ
PARÀ started weaving to test yarns in real operational context.
1.2.6 Work package 6: LCA and Recommendations
The main objectives of this work package are the evaluation of environmental impact of the whole
recycled product, with respect to virgin acrylic textile production, and emission of recommendation
for standardisation, technology transfer and eco-design.
Parà, Jak Spinning and Soft Chemicals cooperated with Centrocot in order to share in the correct way
all information contained in this public document.
At first, the production chain was studied (Centrocot) to reach a better understanding of virgin
production process that was separated in three different parts: the input materials, the process to convert
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the fibres in products and the output materials. After that, a questionnaire with the relevant information
to use for LCA study and analysis was prepared.
The collection of data by partners (Jak, Parà and Soft Chemicals) involved in the virgin acrylic fabric
production is finished. The Centrocot sustainability area has started talks with the single partners
involved in order to understand the specific production chain of fabric and start to study and elaborate
the data in the software GaBi. Moreover, with the colloquies it is also possible apprehend the data to
include from database for complete the LCA study and identify the major environmental impact areas
to produce acrylic fabric. The LCA study obtained will be the starting point to evaluate the change of
environmental impact of recycling process develop in the project.
The data acquired in the previous months by the partners involved in the creation of the virgin acrylic
fabric were used to carry out the preliminary LCA study on the virgin fabric that will be compared at
the end of the project with the process developed by REACT with recycled acrylic fabric, through the application of the LCA methodology in accordance with the ISO standard series (ISO, 2006 a, b). The
Life Cycle Impact Assessment is carried out by means of Environmental Footprint method (EC, 2013)
as in its last update (Fazio et al., 2018), and by means of the CML method (Guinee et al., 2002) as in the
2016 update. Further references for the methodology are the PEF method for the transition phase
(Zampori and Pant, 2019), the LCA guidelines indicated by the Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC-IES,
2010) and the EPD International Programme (EPD International, 2019). The impact indicators adopted
are the ones recommended by European Commission when conducting a Product Environmental
Footprint (EC, 2013). The version selected is the most updated one (Fazio et al., 2018). The indicators
were used as in the version implemented into the GaBi software, where the method is named EF 3.0
(Environmental Footprint 3.0).
The study took into account the entire life cycle of the fabric (Figure 3), considering its use as awning,
this involved adding not only the fabric but also the aluminium structure to the LCA study.
Figure 3: System boundaries
Centrocot
Centrocot collected the input and output data for energy, chemicals and water from the various partners
involved for the production of virgin acrylic fabric, with the data obtained it performed an LCA study
on virgin acrylic fabric.
Ghent University
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Ghent University has not started work on WP6 yet.
CETI
CETI has not started work on WP6 yet.
PARA’SPA
Parà aided Centrocot by providing all the data required for LCA evaluation regarding the weaving and
finishing processes.
Soft Chemicals
Soft Chemicals aided Centrocot by providing all the data required for LCA evaluation regarding the
chemicals used to finish acrylic fabrics.
JAK Spinning
Soft Chemicals aided Centrocot by providing all the data required for LCA evaluation regarding
spinning processes.
1.2.7 Work package 7: Dissemination and communication
The objectives of this work package are twofold. On one hand, to maximize the impact of the project
and ensure proper communication and dissemination of the results and subsequently to raise awareness
to the scientific and industrial stakeholders. On the other hand, to ensure the sustainability of the results
once the project is over in correlation with the individual exploitation intentions of the partners.
WP7 comprises of two tasks: Task 7.1: Dissemination, Communication and Events; Task 7.2:
Exploitation.
Martel, as WP7 Leader was responsible for internal coordination on dissemination planning and
dissemination of the project’s activities and results to a broad audience and related media at large; as
such, the work carried out by Martel includes:
• Set up of REACT’s website (https://www.react-project.net/) and regular updates regarding
projects’ news (28, as of November 2020), events, publications, press clipping and
promotional resources. As of November 2020, the website has yielded 2.155 Unique visitors,
who generated 5,333 Page views.
Figure 3: Website Statistics
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• Set up of REACT’s social media outlets (Twitter and LinkedIn accounts – 103 and 126
followers respectively, at the end of Period 1) and subsequent continuous animation of such
outlets, cross-echoing news content of the website’s news section.
• Creation of REACT-branded templates for presentations and deliverables, keeping the
project’s image coordinated across several activities.
• Promotional materials (based on input from the partners), which includes 1 Project
overview flyer/leaflet (2,000 copies distributed online and offline); 1 poster (featuring an
overview of the project’s main goals and envisioned process) and 2 roll-ups, used to promote
REACT at several events.
• 4 Newsletters for the project, disseminating REACT’s achievements and participation to
events (October 2019; January, May, October 2020), for a total reach of 68 subscribers, as of
November 2020.
Figure 4: REACT’s 3rd and 4th Newsletter issues
• 4 Videos produced and uploaded to the project’s official YouTube channel and, simultaneously,
on the website, for a total of 271 views (as of November 2020). The videos are related to
participation and showcases at events and webinars, plus broadcasting coverage.
• The organization and the promotion of the Engagement Workshop, which was conducted
as an online Webinar entitled “Sustainable circular economy: Removing finishing chemical
products from acrylic textile”. Martel set up and hosted the event on Zoom and curated a
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promotional campaign across social media and textile-related news outlets, with a total reach of
about 5,200 stakeholders
Figure 5: Twitter card/web banner template created for REACT’s Engagement Workshop/Webinar online
promotional campaign
More details on activities carried out and materials produced can be found in the “Dissemination
Activities” table (Table 3) contained in this document.
Martel also led and curated both D7.1 and D7.2 Dissemination and Communication activities
reports, which further detail WP7 activities and KPIs and are available in the deliverables section of
REACT’s website.
Centrocot
Ghent University
Ghent University participated in Task 7.1 and 7.2.
Ghent University published a media article to the textiles industry, and the article in it can be found
here : https://www.react-project.net/2020/11/11/react-in-unitex-journal/.
The Engagement Workshop “Sustainable circular economy: Removing finishing chemical products
from acrylic textile” was also joined by Ghent University, at which a presentation was given.
Additionally, Ghent University helped Martel with creation of the videos and promotional material.
The results on the removal processes of the different types of finishes evaluated in WP2 will be
incorporated into peer-reviewed scientific publications. In addition, the work performed at lab scale with
a finish removal effectiveness of more than 90% can now be used for the upscaling of this process to
pre-industrial scale. The exploitability will thus depend on the further developments downstream.
in UNITEX, explaining the REACT project as a whole. UNITEX is a Belgian magazine distributed
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CETI
PARÀ SPA
Soft Chemicals
JAK Spinning
1.2.8 Work package 8: Management
The aim of WP Project Management is to coordinate all the project activities by means of:
- an organizational structure of the partnership to manage tasks, deliverables, milestones, risks, and
decisions to be taken and to monitor all activities;
- the full financial and administrative management of the project, complying with rules and duties
to the signed grant agreement.
WP8 Project Management included monitoring the progress of all work done and the budget and
resources used and ensuring the timely completion of deliverables. The REACT consortium was made
up of seven partners, a number which is manageable with an agile and relatively lean structure, and so
operational management has been carried out in a collaborative way in accordance with the precepts of
good governance and the usual operational procedures of each organisation in such a way as to ensure
timely and appropriate participation in the activities assigned to the organisation and the achievement
of the objectives of the project. Throughout the project the coordinating partner, and the WP leaders,
monitored progress, carried out risk assessment and flagged any issues for discussion at the regular
project meetings. The applicant and partners provided detailed financial report of their activities,
providing evidence of costs as per financial and administrative requirements.
In the first 18 months of the Project:
• 21 deliverables were expected to be submitted and all of them have been released
• 5 milestones were set and achieved.
• Four project meetings were held
• All the partners received the first instalment by October 2019.
WP8 comprises two Tasks: T8.1: Technical Management and Monitoring, T8.2: Financial and
Administrative Management
Centrocot
Ghent University
Ghent University participated in Tasks 8.1 and 8.2.
Ghent University created the report with the results of WP2 (as part of milestone MS3) and filled in all
monitoring reports (including risk assessments and financial reports).
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Ghent University also participated in all meetings that included all other members of the consortium.
CETI
PARÀ SPA
Soft Chemicals
JAK Spinning
Martel supported Project Management functions by setting up an online repository accessible by all
partners in order to store and share documents. Martel also provided a space on the video conference
tool GoToMeeting, to allow project meetings to be held online; Martel representatives were present to
all meetings and provided partners with a video recording of each meeting conducted online.
1.2.9 Work package 9: Ethics requirements
The objective is to ensure compliance with the 'ethics requirements' set out in this work package.
Centrocot
Centrocot drawn up the deliverables
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DISSEMINATION ACTIVITIES PERIOD 1 (EVENTS)
No Venue Category
Date, Place (if
applicable) Type of Audience
Approx size of
Audience
Countries
Addressed Partner
1 World Circular
Economy Forum
2019
Project presentation 3 – 5 June 2019
Helsinki
(FINLAND)
Innovators, Researchers,
Policy makers
2,200 World Centrocot,
University of
Bergamo,
Martel
2 Première Vision Project presentation 17 – 19
September 2019
Paris
(FRANCE)
Industry, Customers,
Distributors, Journalists
5,000 Europe Centrocot
3 Ecomondo 2019 Project
presentation, Booth
5 - 9 November
2019
Rimini (ITALY)
Industry, Customers,
Distributors, Journalists,
Researchers
1,000 Europe Centrocot
4 LIFE Platform
Meeting on
Chemicals
Project presentation 27 - 28
November 2019
Vilnius
(LITHUANIA)
Industry, Journalists,
Researchers
80 Europe Centrocot
5 HEIMTEXTIL
2020
Press Release for
journalists
7 – 10 January
2020
Frankfurt
(GERMANY)
Customers, Distributors,
Journalists
150 Europe Parà
6 AFIL Webinar
“L’Industria
Tessile di fronte
alla Circular
Economy”
Project presentation 02 October 2020
Online event
Industry, Researchers 50 Europe Centrocot
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7 Plastic Circularity
Multiplier Virtual
Conference
Project
presentation,
specific results
presentation
15 October 2020
Online event
Industry, Researchers 300 Europe Centrocot
DISSEMINATION ACTIVITIES PERIOD 1 (COMMUNICATION KPIs)
No Venue Category
Date, Place (if
applicable) Type of Audience
Approx size of
Audience
Countries
Addressed Partner
1 Project website Project website by November
2020
Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
2,500 World Martel
2 Social Media Twitter, LinkedIn
and YouTube
by November
2020
Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
500 World Martel
3 Newsletter 1st REACT
Newsletter
October 2019 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
17 World Martel
4 Promotional
material
REACT Flyer November 2019 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
2,000 World Martel
5 Promotional
material
REACT Roll-up 1 November 2019 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
1,000 World Martel
6 Promotional
material
REACT Roll-up 2 November 2019 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
1,000 World Martel
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7 Promotional
material
REACT Poster November 2019 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
1,000 World Martel
8 Promotional
material
“REACT Project
overview” Video
January 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
170 World Martel
9 Newsletter 2nd REACT
Newsletter
January 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
30 World Martel
10 Newsletter 3rd REACT
Newsletter
May 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
50 World Martel
11 Promotional
material
“The REACT
Process” Video
October 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
90 World Martel
12 Newsletter 4th REACT
Newsletter
October 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
60 World Martel
13 Promotional
material
Engagement
Workshop
Advertising
campaign package
(2 Twitter Cards +
4 Web banners +
Press release)
October 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
5,200 World Martel
14 Promotional
material
Engagement
Workshop Video
Recording
November 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
90 World Martel
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15 Promotional
material
“REACT on
Euronews’
Business Planet”
November 2020 Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs
10 World Martel
15 Promotional
material
Press articles (29 -
several
publications, online
and offline) – Full
list available in
deliverable D7.2
June 2019 –
November 2020
Researchers, Industry,
Academic, EC, SMEs,
General Public
200,000 Europe Parà, Ghent
University,
Centrocot
Table 3: REACT Dissemination activities
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Accepted Standardization Contributions
No Title Description of Contribution/Activity Website/Reference Standardisation
Body Partner
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1.3 Impact
There are currently no deviations or updates to Section 2.1 of the DoA. All partners are working towards their respective stated goals.
The project has been working from month 1 to month 18 towards the Expected Impacts (EIs) specified in the DoA.
EI 1: Increased recycling rate and reduced landfill and incineration of secondary raw materials.
At present, the REACT project has highlighted the possibility of recovering and creating a 100% recycled yarn on waste from the industrial production process
before the application of finishing. This amount of waste produced by Parà is (add number) and is equivalent to ...% of the company's waste production. The
mechanical recycling process has confirmed that the percentage of post-fraying fibers that can be used to produce a yarn is at least 87.5%. This leads to a
reduction in the quantity of material destined for incinerators or landfills by…%. This figure can be increased by introducing in the mechanical recycling
process also the waste coming after the finishing application process (...% of the total waste), which in the absence of removal of the finishing requires the
introduction of a percentage of virgin material still to be establish to make spinning possible. Tests on this waste will be further investigated after the finish
removal process. Considering a production of acrylic waste of 7700 tons / year (proposal data), REACT can currently reach a recycled material rate for acrylic
of ...%
EI 2: Increased purity and quality of secondary raw materials, reduced risk of retaining hazardous substances in recycled materials.
The finishing removal process developed so far has resulted in the removal of between 92 - 99% of finishes from the fabric treated at the laboratory level.
The potential of the process at an industrial level must be investigated. Assuming the same removal rate, the final product that can be sent to the market will
have a high purity since most of the substances will be removed. A further improvement of the purity of the final product will be due to the possible introduction
of virgin material, useful for the processing phases and to obtain a material that has the performance required by the market.
EI 3: Environmental impacts.
The project has developed an LCA study on virgin fabric, thus highlighting the most problematic spots for the environment in the production of acrylic fabric.
These hot spots will be investigated to reduce impacts by introducing a recycling process.
The proposal mainly refers to CO2, so a mention of the results could be useful.
EI 4: The implementation of the EU Circular Economy Action Plan and the 7th Environment Action Programme.
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The project has developed a management and recovery system for pre-consumer end-of-life material, is developing a process for recycling which at present
has led to the production of a 100% recycled yarn deriving from the recycling of pre-consumer before application of finishing. A recommendation document
for industrial waste management was disclosed giving indications for a post-consumer management and recovery plan with fabric rental services with
replacement of the same at the end of its life, which can introduce circularity systems in the sector. The recycling system will be implemented in order to
reduce the waste of material, substances and energy. The waste water deriving from the chemical removal process will be analyzed and a recovery plan will
be created for the substances used where possible, and a partial recovery of the chemicals used for finishing if not too degraded, the resulting waste will be
removed from the water in order to create a circularity on the use of water resources.
EI 5: The Commission Strategy on Plastics in a Circular Economy
The REACT project has developed an NIR-based chemometric method capable of identifying the finishes present on the acrylic fabric. This predictive model
addresses the lack of information on the possible presence of chemicals of concern which creates a significant obstacle to achieving higher recycling rates,
making chemicals easier to classify in waste streams and simplifying treatment or removal, ensuring a high level of health and environmental protection. NIR
spectroscopy is widely used for the classification and separation of plastics in automated systems, the introduction of the chemometric model makes this
process more precise. In fact, the peculiarity of the chemometric model is the possible expansion of its functions to different fibers, mixtures and substances
present on the fabric, implementing a better separation process that increases recycling rates.
The results of this model were disclosed by the consortium within a public deliverable (D1.3) and during the first project webinar.
EI 6: Implementation of the SPIRE PPP Roadmap
The LCA methodology as applied within the project framework is already based on the EU Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) and could
serve as a screening assessment for the outdoor furniture or for acrylic products. The hotspots identified within the analysis can provide a first
example of application for further developing dedicated rules to assess the environmental performance of these type of products.
Similar considerations can be made over the EU Ecolabel. The analysis carried out within the REACT framework could support the development
of criteria dedicated to outdoor furniture, especially when dealing with the use of chemicals and the material recycling/recycled content.
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2 UPDATE OF THE PLAN FOR EXPLOITATION AND DISSEMINATION OF RESULT
During the first half of the project REACT organized the Engagement Workshop - MS9 planned for M12 and postponed to M17 (October 2020) - which was
conducted as an online Webinar entitled “Sustainable circular economy: Removing finishing chemical products from acrylic textile” due to the COVID-19-
related challenges.
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3 UPDATE OF DATA MANAGEMENT PLAN
This project has elected to participate in the Open Research Data Pilot. This first version of D1.1 Data Management Plan describes the project’s policy and
practices regarding the provision of Open Access to each of the public deliverables, presentations, and scientific publications it will produce. There has been
no change to the Data Management Plan.
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4 FOLLOW-UP ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS AND COMMENTS FROM PREVIOUS REVIEW
There are no recommendations or comments due to the fact that the project is in the first review period.
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5 DEVIATION FROM ANNEX 1
5.1 Use of Resources
Work effort of all participants in different work packages are shown in the below table.
USE OF PMs IN PERIOD M1-M18
Partner WP1 WP2 WP3 WP4 WP5 WP6 WP7 WP8 WP9 Total
CENTROCOT 9,01 25,23 1,70 1,05 2,77 4,05 2,76 6,47 0 53
Ghent
University 9.07 16.19 0 0 0 0 0.17 0.08 0 25.52
CETI 0
PARA’ 13,8 0 0,11 0,32 0,59 0,56 2,26 1,45 0 19.09
Soft Chemicals 0
Jak Spinning 0
Martel 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,58 1,01 0 6.59
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Justification for the main deviations are listed below:
Ghent University
WP1: More PMs were spent than planned (9.07 instead of 6 PMs), due to the choice of personnel having
a lower seniority and lower qualification for the laboratory work, resulting in an increased number of
person months, but without an impact on the budget. More start-up time was needed for the personnel,
but the same level of quality of the work was obtained for the same budget.
WP2: There was a three-month delay in the achievement of milestone MS3 due to COVID-19, due to
closure of laboratories during lockdown. An extension of WP2 is asked with 5 months (from month 27
to month 32) to compensate for these COVID-19 delays. This will give more time to finish the tasks of
this WP in a correct manner. As the necessary lab-scale results are obtained to start pre-industrial scale-
up, this extension will not have any impact on the other WPs. Ghent University will cover this extension
by personnel costs not used during the first term and a slight transfer of other direct costs to personnel
costs.
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