plant operation systems
Post on 15-Jan-2017
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PLANT OPERATION systems
Typical objectives of plant operation include: 1. protect peopleprotect people 2. protect environment 2. protect environment 3. protect equipment 3. protect equipment 4. maintain smooth operation 4. maintain smooth operation 5. achieve product rates & quality 5. achieve product rates & quality 6. Profit=optimizing first five 6. Profit=optimizing first five 7. monitoring & diagnosis 7. monitoring & diagnosisThese are achieved through These are achieved through process controlprocess control…..…..
Distributed control system(D.C.S):
D C S is a computerized control system used to control the production line in the industry.
D C S was introduced in 1975 by HONEYWELL and YOKOGAWA(CENTUM).
Other vendors :ABB,FOXBORO, EMERSON (ROSEMOUNT) AND ETC..,.
DCS ARCHITECTURE:System
Consoles Host
Computer Data
Storage Unit
PLC
Data Highway (Shared Communication Facilities)
Process Transmitters and Actuators
Local Console
Local Control
Unit
Local Control
Unit Local
Console
FIELD BUS TECHNOLOGY:
Introduced 1988but underwent many development Standard IEC61158 introduced in 1999 Based upon smart devices installed in the field. Uses data highway to replace wires for signal transfer. Can mix sensors, transmitters, and control valves from different vendor
PLC ARCHITECTURE:A plc is a micro processor based controller.Programmi
ng Interface
Power Supply
Input Devices
I/O Modules
Output Devices
Processor
PLC Cabinet
Data Highway
A plc uses programmableMemory to store information and carry out functions to control machines and process.
REDUNDENCY:
Digital control system
sensors sensors
SIS system
i/o
i/o
i/o
i/o
We desire independent protection layers, without common-cause failures - Separate systems
DCS handles controls and alarms functions
PLC handles SIS and Alarms associated with SIS
INPUTS: These are typically “switches” and “sensors”. The switches and sensors are connected to an input module that provides the interface between the switches (or) sensors to the PLC.
OUTPUTS: The plc output are connected directly or indirectly(eg: Through relay) to actuator controls. Eg: “solenoid valves” and warning lights.There are three main types of output modules:- 1. RELAY 2. TRANSISTOR 3. TRIAC
APPLICATIONS:
* Pneumatic machines. * Hydraulic machines. * Robots. * Production process. * Packaging lines. * Traffic lights & signalling
systems. * Refining processes.
Basic control system:
TC
TT
Actuator System
Sensor System
Controller
F1
T1
F2
T2
T
F
ACTUATOR SYSTEMS: ON/OFF: ON – OFF VALVES
PUMPS (MOTORS)
VARIABLE POSITION:
Control Valves Variable speed pump
•DC motor •3-phase motor •Turbine drive
CONTROL VALVE:
BUTTERFLY VALVE:
ACTUATOR:
VALVE WITH ACTUATOR & POSITIONER:
THANK YOU BY:
MANIROOP.B
15345A0428
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