popliteal fossa 1
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8/3/2019 Popliteal Fossa 1
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Popliteal Fossa
Dr. Carmen Olivia Sanoria
* Diamond shaped intermuscular space found at the posterioraspect of the knee.
* Prominent with the knee joint flexed.
* Boundaries:
- Laterally:
(Above) biceps femoris muscle. (Below) Lateral head of the gastrocnemius & plantaris
muscle.- Medially:
(Above) Semimembranosus muscle. (Above) Semitendinosus muscle. (Below) Medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle.
- Floor Popliteal surface of the femur. Posterior ligament of the knee joint. Popliteus muscle.
- Roof Skin. Superficial fascia of the thigh.
Deep fascia of the thigh (fascia lata).
* Popliteus muscle- Flat, thin muscle of triangular outline lying in the floor of the
lower part of the popliteal fossa.
* Popliteal artery- Continuation of the femoral artery.- Enters the popliteal fossa through the opening of the
adductor magnus muscle.- Terminate at the lower boarder of the popliteus muscle as
anterior & posterior tibial arteries.
- Relations:
Anteriorly:- Popliteal surface of the femur.- Oblique popliteal ligament of the knee joint.- Popliteus muscle.
Posteriorly:- Skin.- Fascia.- Popliteal vessel- Tibial nerve.
- Branches: Muscular branches. Anterior tibial artery. Articular branch of the knee. Posterior tibial artery.
* Popliteal vein- Formed at the junction of the venae comitantes of the
anterior & posterior tibial artery.- Initially commence at the medial side of the popliteal artery
as it course upward then cross the artery to becomelateral.
- Exit the popliteal fossa thru the opening of the adductormagnus muscle to become the femoral vein.
- Tributaries:
Corresponding veins to arterial branch of the poplitealartery.
Small saphenous vein.
* Arterial anastomosis of the knee joint
Small branches of thefemoral artery
Muscular branch of the
popliteal artery
Branches of the
anterior tibial artery
Articular branch of thepopliteal artery
Branches of the posterior tibial artery
* Popliteal lymph nodes- 6 nodes embedded in the fatty connective tissue of the
popliteal fossa.- Recipient of the superficial lymph vessel from the lateral
side of the leg, knee joint, and foot in company of thesmallsaphenous.
- Recipient of the deep lymph vessel accompanying theanterior & posterior tibial artery.
* Tibial nerve- Larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve.- Course:
Sciatic nerve
Lower 1/3 of the thigh Lower 1/3 of the thigh
Tibial nerve Common peroneal nerve
Posterior compartment ofthe thigh beneath the
soleus muscle
Leaves the popliteal fossato pierce the peroneus
longus
Muscular branchArticular branchCutaneus branch
* Posterior tibial artery- Origin: popliteal artery.- Termination: Medial & lateral plantar artery.
- Branches: Peroneal artery.
- 1st branch.- Gives nutrient artery to: (which pierce the
interosseous membrane). To fibula. Muscular branches. Perforating branches.
Muscular branches.- Supply the muscles at the back of the leg.
Nutrient artery of the tibia. Anastomotic branches. Medial & lateral plantar artery.
- Its venae comitantes joins the venae comitantes ofthe anterior tibial artery forming the poplitealvein.
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* Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh.- Supply the skin over the popliteal fossa.
* Obturator nerve- Enter the popliteal fossa by entering the opening in the
adductor magnus muscle.- Terminate by supplying the knee joint.
Posterior Compartment of the Leg
* Comprise the back of the leg.* Structures:
Skin:- Cutaneus nerves
Posterior cutaneus nerve of the thigh.- Supply the skin over the popliteal fossa & upper
part of the back of the leg. Lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf.
- Supply the skin over the upper part of theposterolateral surface of the leg.
Sural nerve.- Supply the skin over the lower part of the
posterolateral surface of the leg. Saphenous nerve.
- Supply the skin on the posteromedial surface of theleg.
- Superficial veins. Small saphenous vein tributaries.
- Numerous small veins of the back of the legs- Communicating veins with deep veins of the foot.- Anastomotic branch.- Terminates by joining the popliteal vein or great
saphenous vein, splitting into 2 and joint 1each to great saphenous & popliteal vein.
- Lymph vessels Superficial inguinal lymph node.
Popliteal nodes.
Muscles:- Divided into superficial & deep group by the deep
transverse fascia.
ENCODED BY: dasal, fabian
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