population dynamics and community ecology of zooplankton ii

POPULATION DYNAMICS AND COMMUNITY ECOLOGY OF ZOOPLANKTON II

Often see coexistence of several congenerics.

Mechanisms which promote their coexistence:• Seasonal separation• Vertical separation• Size differences in prey

An oxbow (Varza Lake) was examined for vertical migration by zooplankters

Rejas, D., L. de Meester, L. Ferrufino, M. Maldonado, and F. Ollevier. 2007. Diel vertical migration of zooplankton in an Amazonian varzea lake. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment. 42(1): 71-81.

Vertical Migration by Microcrustaceans

Figure 3. Vertical distribution of the microcrustacean taxa (Mesocyclops and Notodiaptomus) in Laguna Bufeos. Abundance is expressed as percentage of total number of individuals in vertical profile. White bars: day; dark bars: night. Error bars equal twice the standard error of the mean.

Rejas, D., L. de Meester, L. Ferrufino, M. Maldonado, and F. Ollevier. 2007. Diel vertical migration of zooplankton in an Amazonian varzea lake. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment. 42(1): 71-81.

Vertical Migration by RotifersFigure 4. Vertical distribution of the rotifer taxa in Laguna Bufeos. Abundance is expressed as percentage of total number of individuals in vertical profile. White bars: day; dark bars: night. Error bars equal twice the standard error of the mean.

Rejas, D., L. de Meester, L. Ferrufino, M. Maldonado, and F. Ollevier. 2007. Diel vertical migration of zooplankton in an Amazonian varzea lake. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment. 42(1): 71-81.

Rangel, L.M., L.H.S. Silva, M.S. Arcifa, and A. Perticarrari. 2009. Driving forces of the diel distribution of phytoplankton functional groups in a shallow tropical lake. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 69(1): doi: 10.1590/S1519-69842009000100009.

Vertical distribution of Daphnia retrocurva in Lake Michigan

Williamson et al. (2011). Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration

Williamson et al. (2011). Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel

vertical migration

Orientation of Daphnia relative to the shore and open water

Horizontal distribution of rotifer and crustacean zooplankters in a Swedish lake

Jeppesen, et al. (1997). Top-down control in freshwater lakes

Jeppesen, et al. (1997). Top-down control in freshwater lakes

The Alewife in Crystal Lake, Conn

Messner, et al. (2013) Higher temperatures enhance the effects of invasive sports fish on

mountain zooplankton communities

Messner, et al. (2013) Higher temperatures enhance the effects of invasive sports fish

on mountain zooplankton communities

Trophic production in plankton and nekton in Lake Erken

Lacustrine food web

Zooplankton production in Mirror Lake, NH

Zooplankton production in Mirror Lake, NH

Ricciardi et al. (2012). Forecasting the ecological impacts of the Hemimysis invasion in North America

Summary for Zooplankton in Freshwater Systems

Rivers Reservoirs Lakes

Zooplankton community structure

Dominated by small forms with rapid, mostly benthic, life cycles

Gradient from riverine to lacustrine forms

Complex communities with protistan mesozooplankton and macrozooplankton

Zooplankton community development

Low development; mainly derived from lakes and floodplain

Highest development in transitional zone

Vertical and seasonal gradients; stable and abundant

Zooplankton feeding Mainly particulate detritus; some planktonic or benthic algae

Detritus and phytoplankton

Phytoplankton dominant food source

Zooplankton growth Low, but highest in high-order streams; limited by displacement by unidirectional flow

Low to moderate; but variable with changing food availability and quality

Moderate to high