potential and kinetic energy. what is energy?! capacity to do work measured in joules (j)
Post on 19-Jan-2016
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Potential and Kinetic Energy
What is energy?!
• Capacity to do work• Measured in joules (J)
Potential Energy
• Energy stored in an object – Dependent upon: • Position – top of a hill vs bottom of a hill• Shape - stretched rubber band, compressed spring• Condition – old battery vs new battery
• Commonly used as fuel to “run” things• Ex: batteries, gasoline/fuel, food, object at the
top of a hill, acorn hanging on a tree, etc.
Types of PE
• Chemical (food, gasoline, other fuels)• Nuclear (fission, fusion)• Gravitational (one object above another)• Stored mechanical (elastic PE)
Kinetic Energy
• Energy of an object due to its motion.– Dependent upon:• Mass – bowling ball vs a marble• Speed – car traveling at 75mph vs 25 mph
• Ex: person running, Frisbee flying, baseball moving through air, car traveling down road
Forms of KE
• Sound – travels in waves, must have something to travel through
• Radiant – travels in waves, doesn’t have to have a medium
• Electrical – when e- move (lightning, electricity)
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy can be neither created, not destroyed BUT can change from one form to another.
(Amount of energy in a system remains constant!)
KE can change to PE, or vice versa!Energy can be transferred as work and heat
thermodynamics
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