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Chapter 4Hardware For Educators

Ashley SabatTeresa WoodsJennifer Veras

THE SYSTEM UNIT

•Box like case made out of metal or plastic that houses the electronic components.

Examples:

CPR Central Processing Unit- important chip in the motherboard

CPR- carries instructions that operate a computer. (Also referred as a processor)

Hardware Components Used For:

o Inputo Processingo Outputo Storage

CONTROL UNITS

4 basic operations: Fetch- guidelines from memory Decoding- translate instructions into ordersExecuting- carries out commandsStoring- writes outcome into memory

2 TYPES OF MEMORY

• RAM- Random Access MemoryRAM is Volatile, data stored in RAM are erased when the power to the computer is turned off.• Volatile-lost when the computer turns off

•ROM- Stores info that does not change. (Read Only Memory)• Nonvolatile- not lost

DATA REPRESENTATION

•A computer only understands digital “ON” and “OFF”.•These two states are represented by electronic circuits that represent by 1 or 0. • Using the Binary system equals 2 digits. •Bit- Binary Digit• Creates over 256 characters, provides combinations of 0’s and 1’s.• 8 bits= a byte

FLASH MEMORY:

Nonvolatile memory can be erased and rewritten on.

INPUT

• Any item entered into the memory of the computer.

4 Types: • Data • Commands• Programs/Software• User Response

OUTPUT DEVICES•Data that has been processed into useful form called information.

4 types;• Text• Graphics•Audio• Video

DISPLAY DEVICES

The core most monitors are made up of cathode ray tube. (CRT)

A pixel a single point electronic image.

SYSTEM CLOCK System clock- reins the timing of all computer operations. Clock speed- measured GHz Giga- one billion Hertz- cycle per second 4 GHz-four billion, ticks in one second

OPTICAL DISCS

• CDs and DVDs• R-recordable•CD-RW•CD-R•CD-ROM•DVD

BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shelly, Cashman, Gunter. “Integrating Technology and Digital Media in the Classroom.” Chpt 4. Hardware for Educators. 2009 Cengage Learning. INC; Pg 202-239 inc.

- Expert Village. “Computer Hardware Information : What Makes a Computer Work?” Online posting. Youtube, November 9th, 2008. Web. November, 30, 2010