presentation an overview on non-wood forest products development in europe by sven walter fao nwfp...

PresentationPresentation

An overview onAn overview on

non-wood forest products development in Europenon-wood forest products development in Europe

bybySven WalterSven Walter

FAO NWFP ProgrammeFAO NWFP Programme

COFORD Seminar „Growing markets for non-wood forest products“

Tullamore, Co Offaly, 15 April 2005

Structure of PresentationStructure of Presentation

1. Introduction2. NWFP in Europe – facts and figures3. NWFP in Europe – outlook4. Forest services5. Current issues6. Conclusions

1. Introduction1. Introduction

• to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living,

• to improve agricultural productivity, and

• to better the condition of rural populations.

FAO’s FAO’s MandateMandate

1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction

Mission of the NWFP ProgrammeMission of the NWFP Programme

To improve the sustainable utilization of Non-Wood Forest Products in order to contribute

• to the wise management of the world's forests,

• to conserve their biodiversity, and

• to improve income-generation and food security.

1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction

Key areas of the NWFP ProgrammeKey areas of the NWFP Programme

• Improving methodologies

• Supporting institutional capacity

• Strengthening global networking

• Promoting best practices

1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction

What are non-wood forest products?What are non-wood forest products?

NWFP consist of goods of biological origin

other than wood, derived from forests,

other wooded land and trees outside forests.

1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction

Ants’ eggs

Cork

FodderChristmas trees

Medicinal plants

BushmeatResins

Nuts

Mushrooms

Birch sap

HoneyFoliage

Fruits and berries

What are the main European non-wood forest products?What are the main European non-wood forest products?

1. 1. IntroductionIntroduction

NWFP statistics – Caution!NWFP statistics – Caution!

• No recognized standard classification

• Incomplete national/regional coverage

• Problems of comparability

• Problems to estimate production/consumption trends

• Problems of aggregation

• Interdisciplinary topic

1. Introduction1. Introduction

Key literatureKey literature

Forest Resource Assessment, 2001

Temperate and Boreal Forest Resource Assessment, 2000

1. Introduction1. Introduction

Key literatureKey literature

State of European Forests, 2003

European Forest Sector Outlook Study, 2005

1. Introduction1. Introduction

Key literatureKey literature

Other specialized literature

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

Ants’ eggs

Cork

FodderChristmas trees

Medicinal plants

BushmeatResins

Nuts

Mushrooms

Birch sap

HoneyFoliage

Fruits and berries

What are the main European non-wood forest products?What are the main European non-wood forest products?

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.1 Nuts2.1 Nuts

Annual value: 3 billion EUR; 2 Mio t (2000)

A street vendor selling fresh roasted

chestnuts, Piazza di Spagna, Rome, Italy.

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.1 Nuts2.1 Nuts

Annual value: 3 billion EUR; 2 Mio t (2000)

Main products:

• Almonds• Walnuts• Chestnuts• Hazelnuts

Regional trends:

• Western Europe• Eastern Europe• CIS

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.2 Game meat and pelts2.2 Game meat and pelts

Annual value: 466 million EUR (large underestimation)

• Meat of all hunted birds and mammals• Pelt: Skin of fur

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.2 Game meat and pelts2.2 Game meat and pelts

Annual value: 466 million EUR (large underestimation)

• Meat of all hunted birds and mammals• Pelt: Skin of fur

Issues:

• CIS: 1% of value but 59% of game and 99% of pelts harvested

• Significant income to private landowners and public agencies

• Unclear trends

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.3 Christmas trees2.3 Christmas trees

Annual value: 444 million EUR, 43 million trees/yr (1990s)

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.3 Christmas trees2.3 Christmas trees

Annual value: 444 million EUR, 43 million trees/yr (1990s)

• Major seasonal and significant export crop (e.g. Denmark)

• Forest or horticulture product?

• Trend unclear: Increased production in some countries, e.g. Ireland

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.4 Fruits and berries2.4 Fruits and berries

Annual value: 349 million EUR, 211 000t (1990s)

Clusters of bright red fruits of the European mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia). These berry-like fruits can be used for a wide variety of purposes.

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.4 Fruits and berries2.4 Fruits and berries

Annual value: 349 million EUR, 211 000t (1990s)

• Main producers: Scandinavia, Albania, Czech Republic• Supply >> demand

Western Europe:

• Mainly subsistence use• Commercial collection

Eastern Europe:

• ?•

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.5 Fungi and truffles2.5 Fungi and truffles

Annual value: 262 million EUR, 77 000t (1990s)

Fresh porcini being prepared for cooking and preservation in brine, prior to being sold.

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.5 Fungi and truffles2.5 Fungi and truffles

Annual value: 262 million EUR, 77 000t (1990s)

• Important fungi: Matsutake, chanterelles, boletes, morels

• Increased competition from cultivated fungi/truffles

Regional disparity:

• Western Europe: 68% of value and 40% of production• Eastern Europe: 26% of value and 48% of production

• Strong demand for wild fungi (subsistence & commerce ↑)

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.6 Cork2.6 Cork

Annual value: 209 million EUR, 300 000t (2000)

Harvesting cork on a large

Quercus suber tree in Portugal.

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.6 Cork2.6 Cork

Annual value: 209 million EUR, 300 000t (2000)

• Bottle stoppers, floor covers, construction material, etc.

• Issues: non-wood substitutes, product quality

Producing countries:

Portugal (62%), Italy (6%)

Spain (30%), France (2%)

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.7 Medicinal plants2.7 Medicinal plants

Annual value: 118 million EUR, 43 000t (1990s)

A western yew, Taxus brevifolia, is the prime source of the anti-cancer drug taxol.

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.7 Medicinal plants2.7 Medicinal plants

Annual value: 118 million EUR, 43 000t (1990s)

• World market: Europe main import market (120 000t/yr)

• 2 000 European species used

• Wild gathering > cultivation (species/volume)

Trend:

• Western Europe

• Eastern Europe

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.7 Medicinal plants2.7 Medicinal plants

Issues:

• Conservation (341 medicinal plants fully/partially protected)

• Substitution (e.g. Pacific yew/taxol)

• Cultivation (quality, price, demand – supply)

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.8 Decorative foliage2.8 Decorative foliage

Annual value: 49 million EUR, 45 000t (1990s)

Juniperus procumbens bonsai in the shakan style (Photo taken at the Bonsai Nursery, Denver, Colorado).

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.8 Decorative foliage2.8 Decorative foliage

Annual value: 49 million EUR, 45 000t (1990s)

• Floral industry (tree branches, boughs, live plans, mosses, lichen)

• Increased cultivation of most popular species

• USA/North West Province: ¼ of decorative foliage exported to Europe

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.9 Honey from forests2.9 Honey from forests

Annual value: 34 million EUR, 31 000t (1990s)

Honey produced from the flowers of black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia. In Italy it is marked as Acacia honey.

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.9 Honey from forests2.9 Honey from forests

Annual value: 34 million EUR, 31 000t (1990s)

• Trend: Increasing demand

• How much honey comes from the forest?

→ Total annual honey production in Europe: 518 million EUR, 350 000 t

2. 2. NWFP in Europe – facts & figuresNWFP in Europe – facts & figures

2.10 Other NWFP2.10 Other NWFP

• Resins

• Eucalyptus oils

• Fodder/forage

• Bark

• Birch sap

3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook

1. Collection of NWFP as recreational activity• ↑ recreation → ↑ NWFP collection• e.g. fruits, berries, fungi, medicinal plants• Increase in Western Europe

2. Commercial collection of NWFP• Decrease in Western Europe, increase in Eastern Europe• More intensive management systems (truffles, cork, medicinal plans, foliage)

3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook

3. Edible NWFP and medicinal plants• Western Europe: Increasing demand for natural

products• Eastern Europe: NWFP perceived as inferior or

high value products??

4. Cork• Stable and moderate growth• Product must remain price competitive and reliable

5. Decorative foliage• Strong demand and future growth in Western Europe

3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook

6. Christmas trees• Demand driven by population numbers• Luxury item: innovative marketing and advertising

required

3. 3. NWFP in Europe – outlookNWFP in Europe – outlook

GlobalGlobal Western Western EuropeEurope

Eastern Eastern EuropeEurope

CISCIS

NWFPNWFP 4 9214 921 3 1263 126 1 6541 654 139139

WoodWood 15 96315 963 9 8869 886 2 8952 895 3 2173 217

NWFP/NWFP/WoodWood

24%24% 24%24% 37%37% 4%4%

Total annual value of NWFP in Europe in the mid-1990s (in EUR million at 2000 prices and exchange rates)

Source: FAO/UNECE. 2005. European Forest Sector Outlook Study

4. Forest Services4. Forest Services

a) Recreation ↑

b) Biodiversity conservation ↑

c) Mitigation of climate change ↑

d) Protection of soil and water

e) Cultural and spiritual aspects

55. Current issues. Current issues

a) Access to forest resources

b) Political and economic reforms in Eastern Europe and CIS

c) Substitution

d) Product quality

e) Certification

f) Statistical data

g) …

6. 6. ConclusionsConclusions

Non-wood forest productsNon-wood forest products

development in Europedevelopment in Europe

Grading of dried bay leaves (Laurus nobilis) in Turkey

FAO NWFP ProgrammeFAO NWFP Programme

FAOFAO

Forest Products and Economics DivisionForest Products and Economics DivisionForest Products ServiceForest Products Service

Viale delle Terme di CaracallaViale delle Terme di Caracalla00100 Rome, Italy00100 Rome, Italy

Fax: +39-06-570-55618Fax: +39-06-570-55618Email: non-wood-news@fao.orgEmail: non-wood-news@fao.org

HomepageHomepagehttp://www.fao.org/forestry/FOP/FOPW/NWFP/nwfp-e.stmhttp://www.fao.org/forestry/FOP/FOPW/NWFP/nwfp-e.stm

Sven WalterSven WalterTel: +39-06-570-53853, Email: Sven.Walter@fao.orgTel: +39-06-570-53853, Email: Sven.Walter@fao.org

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