principle of fire fighting fire control –an act or process of preventing the fire from spreading,...

PRINCIPLE OF FIRE FIGHTINGPRINCIPLE OF FIRE FIGHTING

FIRE CONTROL –FIRE CONTROL –An act or process An act or process of of preventing the fire from preventing the fire from spreading, spreading, thus preventing further thus preventing further damages.damages.

FIRE SUPPRESSION –FIRE SUPPRESSION – Act or Act or process of process of lowering down the lowering down the intensity of heat.intensity of heat.

10 PHASES OF FIRE OPERATION :

1) PRE -FIRE PLANNING – To know the problem which may be encountered and what to do at the fire ground in case fire starts in a particular building or area.

a) Gather information about existing conditions at the vicinity of the building or area witch is subject for planning.b) Conducting fire company inspection.

2)SIZING UP – Mental evaluation by the Ground Commander which enables him to determine his course of action and to accomplish his mission.

- To estimate the situation. - Begins after alarm is received.

a) Nature of fire.b) Tools or equipment available.c)The action to take. (decision from the Ground Commander)d)Wind direction.

3) RESCUE – Removal of the victim/s from endangered area and bring to the place of safety.

Looking for victim/s.Extrication of victims.Determining the nature of injury.Stabilizing the victim.Bringing victims to a safe place.Stabilizing the scene of incident. Wrap up ( collect equipment and accounting of personnel).Post incident analysis.

CONDITIONS IN WHICH VICTIMS MAYBE FOUND:

Injured victimUnconsciousWoundedBurnedPanickyShockedSleepingIntoxicatedBedfast

4) COVER EXPOSURE – To prevent the fire into extending/spreading to other uninvolved buildings.Placing fire streams directly to

exposed building. Placing fire streams between

burning building and exposed building.

Entering exposed building and from windows placing fire streams directly to burning building.

5) CONFINEMENT – To prevent the fire from extending to the other portion of the burning building

Involves protection of avenues of extension.

UPWARD EXTENSION – Most rapid thru stairways, windows and air ducks.

SIDEWARD – thru combustible partitions and doors.

DOWNWARD – Slow thru combustible floors, stairways, and air ducks.

06) VENTILATION- To displace hot smoke, poisonous and toxic gases from contaminated area and replacing fresh air from outside.

a)Make an opening ( forced ventilation).b) Use of fog streams.c) Always consider the wind

direction.

07) EXTINGUISHMENT – To put out the main body of fire.

a) Locating the main body of fire.b) Proper use and techniques of

applying fire streams.DIRECT ATTACK – If fire is limited

and approachable. Applying a solid stream

directly to the base of the fire.INDIRECT ATTACK- If the fire

involves a large area and confined by locating the Hottest portion and applying a stream over hottest portion.

COMBINATION ATTACK – If the whole building id already involve by the fire and entry is difficult.

08) SALVAGE – To protect properties of value from preventable damages due to

sources other than fire.Covering properties

endangered of indirect damage.(water or heat).

Removing endangered properties.

Removal of excess water.

4 SALVAGE PRACTICES

1)Removal or evacuating of properties according to its priority.

2)Removal of properties to avoid fire spread.

3)Protect properties by arranging covering to avoid damage.

4)Removal of personal belonging of the victims for safe keeping

09)OVERHAULING – To prevent the fire from rekindling.

Looking for remaining sources of ignition such as embers, open flames, sparks among debris.

Making the area safe and habitable.

Gathering physical evidences among debris to determine cause of the fire.

10) POST FIRE ANALYSIS – To conduct a critique of what was done during the fire operation.

Is a cooperative discussion of fire personnel about all phases of fire from the time of the alarm was received until return to the station.