project report - plastic moulded jerry cans
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Submitted byYEDLA SATYANARAYANA
Gondu street, Narasannapeta
Srikakulam Dist.
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CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -1-
INTRODUCTION -3-
BASIS & PRESUMPTIONS -5-
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE -8-
BLOW MOULDING PROCESS -9-
LOCATION OF UNIT -12-
UNIT NAME & BRAND NAME -12-
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
FINANCIAL ASPECTS -14-
BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS -19-
REPAYMENT SCHEDULE -20-
MACHINERY SUPPLIERS -21-
MACHINE DETAILS
BLOW MOULDING MACHINE -22-
SCRAP GRINDER -23-
HIGH SPEED MIXER -24-
QUALITY CHECKING TESTS -25-
OTHER BLOW MOULDING CONTAINERS -27-
MOULDS -32-
TROUBLE SHOOTING -33-
ANNEXURE -36-
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1 NAME OF THE UNIT SRI SAI LAKSHMI PLASTICS
2 TYPE OF PROJECT CHEMICAL & PLASTIC PROCESSING
3 SECTOR MICRO
4 CONSTITUTION PROPRIETORSHIP
5 LINE OF ACTIVITY MANUFACTURE OF VERMICOMPOST
6 PRODUCTION CAPACITY 200 TPA (TONNES PER ANNUM)
7 NAME & ADDRESS OF
ENTREPRENEUR
SATYANARAYANA
Vill,
Srikakulam.
Pin:
8 LOCATION OF THE UNIT NH 5, Near Pydithalli Temple,
Narasannapeta Mandal,
Srikakulam Dist.
9 TOTAL PROJECT COST Rs. 15,00,000
10 COST OF PRODUCTION (PER ANNUM) Rs. 2,79,480
11 SALES REVENUE (PER ANNUM) Rs. 97,395
12 NET PROFIT RATIO 25.8 %
13 RATE OF RETURN ON INVESTMENT 19.4 %
14 BREAK EVEN POINT 52.7 %
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
Plastic containers are replacing conventional metal containers and glass containers
because of their comparatively better properties and ease of handling and
transportation. Small size plastic containers are used for packing of drugs,
pharmaceuticals, insecticides, food items etc. The plastic blow moulded containers are
made from HDPE, HMHDPE, LDPE, PP etc. Blow moulded plastic containers are finding
great demand in modern era. With latest trends in Blow Moulding technology and
advanced machinery and National and International standards moulds and dyes,
many types of packaging containers are manufactured with accurate tolerance and
fine quality. These products includes Pet bottles, Dropper bottles, Upper Handle
bottles, Open top drums, wide mouth drums, Narrow mouth drums, Barrels, Jerry Cans
& Carboys, Square Jars, Round Jars, Rib Jars, Thin walled food packaging containers
etc. They are of different types and designs that are manufactured to cater the need
of packaging.
With high quality raw materials procurement, blow moulded articles and containers
are manufactured with superior quality associated with convenient shapes and sizes,
Strong and Sturdy construction, Compact designs, Compatibility, Safe to use etc. As
there is very good demand for plastic containers of various sizes and shapes, I am
planning to set up this unit with assurance of that this is a profit oriented trade.
Though there are lot of products can be manufactured by blow moulding technology,
Initially, I am planning to manufacture only Jerry Cans of 1 Lt, 2 Lt, 2 ½ Lt, 5 Lt, 10 Lit
and 20 Liters filling capacity. I would like to maintain the following in order to fulfill
the needs of our clients and consumers and I hope I can capture good market.
Strong and Sturdy: The products are made out of special grade High
Molecular - High Density Polyethylene (HMHDPE) or High Density Polyethylene
(HDPE) with excellent strength to withstand all transit hazards in any
conditions.
Standard Designs: it includes wide range of latest & standard designs in
packaging products to provide the client or end user with latest innovative
designs and products with ease in handling to provide with complete bulK
packing solutions.
Compatibility : The material used in production i.e. High Molecular High
Density Polyethylene is of food grade (certified) and compatible with food
chemicals, petroleum products, hazardous chemicals, Resins etc.
Safety : The products goes through with multiple tests to pass all of them and
use certified virgin raw material only to give you the complete packing
solution.
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Packaging Standards: The products are also confirms national and
international packaging standards and are listed with IIP (Indian Institute Of
Packaging) to provide you UN Certification and other testing requirements.
Price: Believing in right & fair price policy, in which we are ready to share
information to make the customer or end user comfortable about on their
purchasing decisions.
BASIS & PRESUMPTIONS
The Production is considered on single shift basis and the working days in a
month are 25 and that of per annum is 300.
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The Installed Capacity of the unit is 200 Kg per shift. It is decided to
manufacture 3.5 tons (140 Kg per Day) of raw material i.e HDPE Granules is
processed to manufacture Jerry Cans of different shapes and sizes. The time
period for achieving full/ envisaged capacity utilization is three years.
Though the unit is run with Blow moulding technology, many types of plastic
articles and household items can be manufactured. But, Initially, Jerry Cans of
1, 2, 2 ½, 5, 10, 20 Liter Capacity would be manufactured in the proposed unit.
Out of total production, 20 % of 20 Liter, 15 % of 10 liter, 15 % of 5 Liter, 20 %
of 2 ½ Liter, 20 % of 2 Liter, 10 % of 1 Liter capacity Jerry cans are
manufactured.
The weight of 20 Liter Jerry Can is 1000 Grams and that of 10 liter Jerry Can is
500 Grams, 5 Liter Jerry Can is 200 Grams, 2 ½ Liter Jerry Can is 110 Grams, 2
Liter Jerry Can is 90 Grams and 1 Liter capacity Jerry can is 50 Grams.
Wastage in the Raw materials and process losses has been considered at a
rate of 2 %.
The final products are marketed with a brand name i.e TOUGH PLAST. For
this, multicolour stickers are pasted on the can. These stickers are from third
party. The cost of each sticker is sack is 50 paisa with roto gravure printing.
The salaries and wages for staff and labour have been taken into consideration
as per the Minimum Wages Act.
Economics have been worked out with out the subsidy (35% on Total Capital
Investment under PMEGP Scheme) component. With the subsidy its viability
will be much better.
The cost of plant and machinery, Raw materials, selling price of finished
products etc. are the prices collected at the time preparation of project report
and may vary depending upon location, manufacturers, market and other
various reasons.
Interest on term loan has been taken at the rate of 12% on an average. This
rate may vary depending upon the policy of the financial institutions/agencies
from time to time.
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BIS SPECIFICATIONS
SCOPE
a) Formulation of Indian Standards on rigid, semi-rigid and flexible plastic containers,
closures and their methods of test. b) To co-ordinate with the work of ISO/TC 122
(Plastic Packaging only) so far as it concerns its own scope of work. c) To co-ordinate
with the work of ISO/TC 61 'Plastics' so far as it concerns its own scope of work.
STANDARDS
Sl No. IS No. Title
1 IS 7408(Part 1/Sec Blow moulded polyolefin containers Part 1 Up to 5
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Sl No. IS No. Title
0):2000 litres capacity (second revision)
2IS 7408(Part 2/Sec
0):2000
Blow moulded polyolefin containers Part 2 Over 5
litres up to and including 60 litres capacity (first
revision)
3IS 7408(Part 3/Sec
0):2000
Blow moulded polyolefin containers Part 3 Closed
head containers over 60 litres, up to and including 250
litres capacity (first revision)
4 IS 8747:1977Methods of tests for environmental stress-crack
resistance of Blow moulded polyethylene containers
5 IS 10840:1994Blow moulded HDPE containers for packing of
vanaspati (second revision)
6IS 15473(Part 0/Sec
0):2004
Blow moulded HDPE containers for packaging of
edible oil - Specification
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
Blow moulding follows the same stages of manufacture as injection moulding. HDPE
(high density polyethylene) is ideal for this type of manufacturing technology. The
steps in the formation of any container (the die is changed for each product and
specific design) are…
1. The plastic is fed in granular form into a 'hopper' that stores it.
2. A large thread is turned by a motor which feeds the granules through a
heated section.
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3. In this heated section the granules melt and become a liquid and the
liquid is fed into a mould.
4. Air is forced into the mould which forces the plastic to the sides, giving
the shape of the bottle.
5. The mould is then cooled and is removed.
STEPS INVOLVING IN BLOW MOULDING PROCESS
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LOCATION OF UNIT
I am planning to start the unit besides NH 5 Nearer to Narasannapeta town of
narasannapeta Mandal of our District. The proposed location is quiet besides the
Golden Quadrilateral National Highway (NH-5) and is very accessible to all modes of
transport facilities. As Narasannapeta is one of the trading points in the district, many
transport operators are running franchisees here. It allows us easy transportation of
Raw Material as well finished goods. Concerning with Government friendly decisions
towards entrepreneurship development, there are so many concessions and subsidies
are offered particularly to SSI sector. By starting this unit at this location, I can avail
subsidy of 35% on total project cost, under Prime Minister’s Employment Generation
Programme (PMEGP).
PROPOSED NAME OF UNIT & BRAND NAME
I would like to name the production unit as
BRAND NAME
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FINANCIAL ANALYSISFINANCIAL ANALYSIS
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FINANCIAL ASPECTS
A. FIXED CAPITAL
1. Building (1600 Sft work area is Leased with deposit) : NA
2. MACHIERY & IMPLEMENTS
S.NO DESCRIPTION NOS RATE(RS.) AMOUNT IN RS.
i Blow moulding Machine 4 ½ ‘’ 01 3,95,000 3,95,000
ii Blow moulding Machine 2 ½ ‘’ 01 2,65,000 2,65,000
iii Scrap Grinder 01 50,000 50,000
iv High speed Mixer 01 40,000 40,000
v Air Compressor 01 20,000 20,000
vi Set of moulds 05 1,50,000 1,50,000
vii Mould Lifting Equipment (pulley) 01 20,000 20,000
viii Testing Equipments -- -- 20,000
ix Platform type Weighing Machine 01 15,000 15,000
x Bore well and piping -- -- 20,000
SUB TOTAL 9,95,000
VAT @ 4 % 39,800
Packing & Forwarding Charges @ 2 % 19,900
Commissioning @ erection charges @ 3 % except item no
vi, viii & ix
24,300
TOTAL 10,79,000
3. Furniture & Office equipment : Rs.20,000
TOTAL FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Machinery & Equipment 10,79,000/-
Furniture & Office equipment 20,000/-
TOTAL 10,99,000/- Say Rs. 11,00,000/-
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B. WORKING CAPITAL PER MONTH
1. RAW MATERIALS & CONSUMABLES
No. Material Quantity Unit Rate Amount (in Rs.)
i HDPE (High Density
Polyethylene) Granules
3.57 MT Rs.85,000/MT 3,03,450
ii Multi Colour sticker papers
with Roto gravure printing
25,600 50 Paisa
/Sticker
12,800
TOTAL 3,16,250
2. SALARY & WAGES
SL.NO
.
PARTICULARS NOS SALARY (in Rs.) AMOUNT(in Rs.)
Office Staff
i Manager 01 6,600 6,600
ii Accountant cum Store
Keeper
01 4,500 4,500
Technical Staff
iii Supervisor cum lab
attendant (Highly Skilled)
01 7,000 7,000
iv Machine operator (Skilled) 03 4,500 13,500
v Semi Skilled Worker 04 3,800 15,200
vi Watchman (unskilled) 01 3,200 3,200
TOTAL 11 50,000
3. UTILITIES
SL.NO. DESCRIPTION UNITS RATE/UNIT AMOUNT (in RS.)
i Electricity 3,730
(25X0.746X8X25)
Rs. 3.75 13,990
TOTAL 13,990
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ANNEXURE
SL.NO. MACHINE POWER LOAD
i Blow moulding Machine 4 ½ ‘’ 15 HP
ii Blow moulding Machine 2 ½ ‘’ 7.5 HP
iii Scrap Grinder 5 HP
iv Dry Colour Mixer 5 HP
v Air Compressor 1 HP
vi Pumpset Motor 1 HP
TOTAL 34.5 HP
As the machines run intermittent, the connect load of all
the machinery and the other lighting, fans etc is 25 HP
4. OTHER EXPENSES
SL.NO. DESCRIPTION AMOUNT (in RS.)
i Rent for Bulding 5,000
i Repair & Maintenance 2,500
ii Stores Consumables 2,000
iii Insurance 2,500
iv Telephone Charges 1,500
v Miscellaneous expenses 2,500
TOTAL 16,000
TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
1 Raw Materials & Consumables 3,16,250/-
2 Labour Costs 50,000/-
3 Utility Charges 13,990/-
4 Other Expenses 16,000/-
TOTAL 3,96,240/- Say Rs.4,00,000
TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
TOTAL FIXED CAPITAL Rs. 11,00,000
TOTAL OPERATIONAL COST Rs. 4,00,000
TOTAL Rs. 15,00,000
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MEANS OF FINANCE
I MY CONTRIBUTION
(@ 5 % On Capital Investment as per
PMEGP guidelines)
Rs. 75,000
II LOAN FROM BANK Rs. 10,25,000
III LOAN FROM BANK Rs. 4,00,000
TOTAL Rs. 5,00,000
COST OF PRODUCTION (per annum)
SL.
NO
PARTICULARS AMOUNT IN RS.
1 Total Working Capital Cost 48,00,000
3 Depreciation @ 10% on Machinery & Equipment 99,500
3 Depreciation @ 15% on Furniture & office equipment 3,000
4 Interest on Total Investment @ 12 % 1,80,000
TOTAL 50,82,500
SALES REALISATION (per Annum)
SALE OF…
6,996 Dozens of 1 Liter Jerry Can @ Rs. 80 Per Dozen Rs. 5,59,680
7,776 Dozens of 2 Liter Jerry Can @ Rs. 144 Per Dozen Rs. 11,19,744
6,348 Dozens of 2 ½ Liter Jerry Can @ Rs. 176 Per Dozen Rs. 11,17,248
2,628 Dozens of 5 Liter Jerry Can @ Rs. 319 Per Dozen Rs. 8,38,332
12,600 Nos of 10 Liter Jerry Can @ Rs. 67 Per each piece Rs. 8,44,200
8,400 Nos of 20 Liter Jerry Can @ Rs. 133 Per each piece Rs. 11,17,200
TOTAL Rs. 55,96,404
Less Marketing Expenses @ 2 % Rs. 1,11,928
NET TURNOVER Rs. 54,84,476
PROFITABILITY ESTIMATES
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A. Sales revenue per Annum : Rs. 50,82,500
B. Cost of production per Annum : Rs. 54,84,476
C. Net Profit before Tax (A-B) : Rs. 4,01,976
PROFIT RATIO
Net Profit per year
Net Profit Ratio = -------------------------- X 100
Annual Sales Revenue
4,01,976
= --------------- X 100
54,84,476
= 7.3 %
RATE OF RETURN ON INVESTMENT
Net Profit per year
Rate of return on Investment = -------------------------- X 100
Total Capital investment
4,01,976
= -------------- X 100
15,00,000
= 26.7 %
BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS
FIXED COST
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(In Rs.)
Rent on Building 60,000
Depreciation @10% on Machinery & Equipment 99,500
Depreciation @ 15% on Furniture & office
equipment
3,000
Interest on investment @ 12% 1,80,000
40% of Salary & Wages 2,40,000
40% of Utility expenses 67,152
40% of Other expenses except Rent 52,800
TOTAL 7,02,452
Fixed Cost
B.E.P. = --------------------------- × 100
Fixed Cost + Profit
7,02,452
B.E.P. = -------------------------- × 100
7,02,452 + 4,01,976
= 63.6 %
REPAYMENT SCHEDULE WITH INTEREST @ 12% ON TERM LOAN
PERIOD IN
MONTHS
O.B INSTALLMENT C.B INTEREST
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6 10,25,000 1,02,500 9,22,500 61,500
12 9,22,500 1,02,500 8,20,000 55,350 1,16,850
18 8,20,000 1,02,500 7,17,500 49,200
24 7,17,500 1,02,500 6,15,000 43,050 92,250
30 6,15,000 1,02,500 5,12,500 36,900
36 5,12,500 1,02,500 4,10,000 30,750 67,650
42 4,10,000 1,02,500 3,07,500 24,600
48 3,07,500 1,02,500 2,05,000 18,450 43,050
54 2,05,000 1,02,500 1,02,500 12,300
60 1,02,500 1,02,500 00,000 6,150 18,450
TOTAL 3,38,250 3,38,250
O.B : Opening Balance
C.B : Closing Balance
MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
1) M/S SHREE AMBICA PLASTIC MACINERY MFRS.,
No. 7, Kansawala Estate,
23
Opp.Chakudia Mahadev,
Rakhial, Ahmedabad - 380 023, Gujarat State.
Tel: 079-22745089.
2) M/S SOVITA EXPORTS PVT. LTD.,
# 105, Flora Apts.Road No. 3, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad – 500034.
Tel : 91-40-3357097
3) M/S SURESH ENGINEERING WORKS.,
13,14-B, kalyan Vishranti Grah.
South Tukoganj, INDORE-452 001 (M.P)
Phone : (0731) 2529155, 2527872
4) M/S DELTA MACHINE-CRAFT,
3rd Mamletdar Wadi, Malad (W),
Mumbai-400 064.
Tel : 28822243/28821708/28821632
MACHINE DETAILES
BLOW MOULDING MACHINE
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FEATURES
• Fully standarised machine of very compact design.
• Heavy duty extrusion unit fitted with nitrided screw and barrel
• Vertical head, accumulator type, robust construction with streamlined flow
channels.
• Direct hydraulic screw drive is available optional, extra. This results in low
installed power and power consumption.
• Accurate parison programming unit is provided to obtain parison of
adjustable profile.
• Rapid, direct hydraulic clamping unit is provided with cushioned mould
closing and opening features, to avoid damage to machine and mould.
• Adequate system and operational safety is provided. Automatically
operating safety gate is fitted.
• Available with conventional contractor-timer panel or microprocessor
panel at option.
• Very low power consumption even on full load results in lower operating
costs.
• Standard machine available upto 100 litres size, 200 litres machine is
available on request for J ring and L ring drums.
• Most widely used machine for moulding plastic drums, carbuoys, jerry
cans, water pots, tanks, baby-cycle seats, wheels, large toys like horse,
elephant, hippo, etc.
SCRAP GRINDER
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FEATURES
•Rugged construction. Chamber is machined from thick M.S blocks to withstand
heavy grinding loads.
•Balanced rotor ensures smooth operation and long bearing life. Blades are
hardened and toughened.
•
Rotor is specially designed for large intake and efficient cutting of scrap feed.
Blades on the rotor are easily changeable and the blade-nip can be varied by its
adjustment device.
•Heavy duty gauge sheet metal hopper and outlet chute, retains form even after
long use.
SPECIFICATIONS:-
MODEL GR-8 GR-10 GR-12 GR-15
Blade Size mm 200 260 300 380
No.of blades Rotating x
stationary
2 X 4 2 X 4 4 X 4 4 X 4
Out-put kgs/hr 35 75 90 100
Electric motor HP 2 5 7.5 10
Approx. floor space mm 550 X 525 600 X 600 750 X 700 1500 X 900
Approx. height of machine mm 1000 1200 1350 1500
Approx.nett weight of machine kgs. 150 200 300 500
Approx. packing size mm 650 X 650 X
1050
700 X 700 X
1260
850 X 850 X
1400
1550 X 900
X 1550
Approx packed weight kgs. 275 375 600 700
HIGH SPEED MIXER
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Heavy duty febricated construction easy discharging arrangement easy to operate
easy to maintain, continous operation now maintenance. For Colour Mixing and Pre
Heating all type of Plastic material.
Output kg/hr. MAIN DRIVE DIMENSION OF M/C in mts (L X W X H )
25 kg 7.5 kw 1 x .5 x 1
40 kg 11 kw 1 x .5 x 1.5
60 kg 15 kw 1.5 x 1 x 1.5
QUALITY CHECKING TESTS
1. DROP TEST
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For testing purpose, each drum was filled with their capacity of water and closed by
Plastic Plug (Insert) and further with P.P. (auto seal) Plastic Cap.
Full Open Top Drum filled with their capacity of sand and closed with plastic lid
provided with rubber gasket and lid was reinforced by metallic lever type ring closer.
First time, drum is dropped diagonally on top.
Second time, drum is dropped flat on body wall.
Third time, drum is dropped on bottom.
Fourth time, drum is dropped diagonally on bottom corner.
2. STACK LOAD TEST
For testing purpose, filled drums were stacked one above the other (1+2 drums)
for a period of 24 hours and one lot for 30 days.
3. CLOSURE LEAKAGE TEST
For testing purpose, filled drum was kept upside down on the floor for one hour.
4. HYDRAULIC PRESSURE TEST
For testing purpose, hydraulic gauge pressure of 1.1 Kg./Cm2 was applied inside the
drum for a period of 5 minutes.
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OTHER BLOW MOULDED CONTAINERSOTHER BLOW MOULDED CONTAINERS
WIDE MOUTH JAR
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NARROW MOUTH JAR
NARROW MOUTH JERRY CANS
JERRY CANS
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SQUARE CONTAINERS
ROUND CONTAINERS
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OPEN TOP CONTAINERS
WIDE MOUTH CONTAINER
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CHEMICAL CONTAINERS
SPECIAL PRODUCTS
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ACCESSORIES
MOULDS
10 LITERS FLEET JERRY CAN MOULD
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Size: 272 x 345 x 435 (H x W x L)
5 LITERS OVAL JERRY CAN MOULD
Size: 320 x 362 x 375 (H x W x L)
TROUBLE SHOOTING IN BLOW MOULDING
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SL.
NO.
PROBLEM CAUSE SUGGESTED REMEDY
1 Streaking a) Contamination in die
head
b) Degraded material on
tooling
c) Cold spot in tooling or
die head
a) Clean die head
b) Clean tooling
c) Raise temperature & check
heating bands
2 Rough surface
finish
a) Insufficient venting
b)Material temperature
too low
c) Air pressure too low
or rate of air flow too
slow
d) Air leakage around
blow pin
a) Add venting by either
sandblasting the mould
surface adding channels on
the mould faces or venting
the interior of the mould
b) Check fuses, heating bands
and thermocouples. Raise heat
inputs
c) Check air pressure and air
lines for foreign material
d)Increase blow pin diameter
3 Parison not
being blown
a) Blow timer defective
b) Clogged blow lines
c) Pinch-offs too sharp
d) Clamp not cushioning
e) Cut parison
a) Replace blow timer
b) Clean blow lines
c) Stone pinch-offs to create
more pinch area
d) Reset cushion
e) Clean tooling
4 Air bubbles in
parts
a) Insufficient back
pressure
b) Air leaking into head
c) Nozzle valve not
seated properly
a) Clean back pressure valve
and reset
b) Check fit of mandrel in
forming pin
c) Check seat of spool to
prevent air from being
drawn in by movement of
spool
5 Varying parison
wall thickness
a) Parison not dropping
straight
b) Loose mandrel
c) Parison not centred
with mould
d) Loose forming pin
a) Adjust centre bushing
b) Tighten mandrel on mandrel
stud; and check fit of mandrel
in forming pin
c) Check alignment of mould
with parison
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d) Tighten forming pin and
check O.D
6 Poor colour
dispersion
a) Insufficient number of
straining rings on screw
b) Poor blending of
material
c) Back pressure too low
d) Clogged screen pack
a) Remove screw and clean
straining
b) Check ratio of coloured
resin to natural resin
c) Raise back pressure to
improve mixing by screw
d) Change screens
7 Inadequate
stripping of
moulded parts
a) Stripper stroke not
long enough
b) Insufficient air
pressure
c) Parts sticking in
mould
a) Adjust knockout stroke for
longer movement
b) Check air pressure and lines
c) Lengthen exhaust time,
check for large undercut
8 Parison curling a) Mandrel and bushing
not flush
b) Bushing too cold
a) Remachine tooling
b) Raise bushing temperature
9 Flashing a) Melt too hot
b) Blowing air pressure
too high
c) Clamping mechanism
out of
adjustment
d) Excessive material
being forced into mould
a) Reduce melt temperature
b) Reduce air pressure
c) Reset clamp or increase
clamp pressure
d) Increase recess at pinch-off
areas to accommodate
more material
10 Warped or
deformed parts
a) Slow parison
extrusion
b) Melt temperature too
low
c) Parts ejected too hot
d) Design of ribs,
undercuts, threads, etc.
inappropriate
a) Check extruder rate
b) Increase melt temperature
c) Increase cooling cycle
d) Review and alter mould
design if necessary
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11 Excessive
shrinkage
a) Mould temperature
too high
b) Melt temperature too
high
c) Blowing air conditions
inadequate
a) Reduce mould temperature
b) Decrease melt temperature
c) Increase blowing air cycle
and / or blowing air
pressure
12 Parts blow-out a) Blow-up ratio too
large
b) Mould separation
c) Pinch-off too sharp
d) Pinch-off too hot; no
weld
e) Parts blow too fast
a) Use large die
b) Increase clamp pressure
or decrease blow pressure
c) Provide wider land in pinchoff
d) Cool Mould pinch off
e) Use low-pressure blow
followed by high-pressure
blow
13 Parison tail
sticking to parts
a) Parison too long a) Shorten parison length or
increase pinch-off land area to
cool compressed tail.
ANNEXURE
Wages Linked at 487 CPI points
CPI points notified as on 01-04-2010 = 763 points
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VDA to be paid from 01-04-2010 to 30-09-2010 = 763 - 487 = 276 points
Per point rate of VDA notified in the notification = Shown against each category at
Col.No.4.
Minimum Wages and VDA payable from 01-04-2010 to 30-09-2011
Sl.No. Name of the CategoryBasic
Wage
VDA for 276
pointsTotal wage
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 Highly Skilled 4479.00 9.00 2484.00 6963.00
2 Skilled 2854.00 5.75 1587.00 4441.00
3 Semi-skilled 2404.00 4.75 1311.00 3715.00
4 Unskilled 2024.00 4.00 1104.00 3128.00
5 Office Staff
I) Manager 4237.00 8.50 2346.00 6583.00
ii) Steno/Accountant 2854.00 5.75 1587.00 4441.00
iii) Clerk/Typist/Cashier 2635.00 5.25 1449.00 4084.00
Source: http://labour.ap.gov.in/mingos.jsp
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