prs slides for powerpoint chap 4 consciousness: sleep, dreams, hypnosis, and drugs copyright ©...

PRS Slides for PowerPoint

Chap 4

Consciousness: Sleep, Dreams, Hypnosis, and

Definitional and Application Slides

All of the following are altered states of consciousness

EXCEPT:

1. Sleep

2. Drug use

3. Hypnosis

4. Waking consciousness

5. Meditation

LO 4.1

All of the following are altered states of consciousness

EXCEPT:

1. Sleep

2. Drug use

3. Hypnosis

4. Waking consciousness (p. 137)

5. Meditation

LO 4.1

Body temperature is affected by the circadian cycle in

which way?

1. Body temperature increases at night.

2. Body temperature decreases at night.

3. Body temperature remains stable throughout the day.

4. Body temperature decreases when the body is at its highest level of alertness.

5. Body temperature is lowest in mid-afternoon, explaining why people often experience sleepiness during this time of day.

LO 4.2

Body temperature is affected by the circadian cycle in

which way?

1. Body temperature increases at night.

2. Body temperature decreases at night. (p. 138)

3. Body temperature remains stable throughout the day.

4. Body temperature decreases when the body is at its highest level of alertness.

5. Body temperature is lowest in mid-afternoon, explaining why people often experience sleepiness during this time of day.

LO 4.2

What section of the brain instructs the pineal gland to

release melatonin as nighttime approaches and daylight

decreases?

1. Suprachiasmatic nucleus

2. Hippocampus

3. Thalamus

4. Endocrine system

5. Cerebellum

LO 4.2

What section of the brain instructs the pineal gland to

release melatonin as nighttime approaches and daylight

decreases?

1. Suprachiasmatic nucleus (p. 138)

2. Hippocampus

3. Thalamus

4. Endocrine system

5. Cerebellum

LO 4.2

Prolonged sleep deprivation (e.g., longer than 24 hours)

can lead to all of the following EXCEPT:

1. Depression

2. Inattention

3. Irritability

4. Hyperactivity

5. Unnecessary risk-taking

LO 4.2

Prolonged sleep deprivation (e.g., longer than 24 hours)

can lead to all of the following EXCEPT:

1. Depression

2. Inattention

3. Irritability

4. Hyperactivity (p. 139)

5. Unnecessary risk-taking

LO 4.2

The stage of sleep that is characterized by sleep spindles,

or sudden bursts of electrical activity in the brain, is called:

1. Stage 1 sleep

2. Stage 2 sleep

3. Stage 3 sleep

4. Stage 4 sleep

5. REM sleep

LO 4.3

The stage of sleep that is characterized by sleep spindles,

or sudden bursts of electrical activity in the brain, is called:

1. Stage 1 sleep

2. Stage 2 sleep (p. 143)

3. Stage 3 sleep

4. Stage 4 sleep

5. REM sleep

LO 4.3

What stage of sleep is often associated with dreaming, and

during which the body enters a state of paralysis to prevent

a person from acting out on their dreams?

1. Stage 1

2. Stage 2

3. Stage 3

4. Stage 4

5. REM sleep

LO 4.3

What stage of sleep is often associated with dreaming, and

during which the body enters a state of paralysis to prevent

a person from acting out on their dreams?

1. Stage 1

2. Stage 2

3. Stage 3

4. Stage 4

5. REM sleep (p. 144)

LO 4.3

___________ is a sleep disorder in which a person slips

directly into REM sleep during the day and finds it difficult

to stay awake while performing activities, such as driving a

1. Insomnia

2. Sleep apnea

3. REM behavior disorder

4. Narcolepsy

5. Night terrors

LO 4.4

___________ is a sleep disorder in which a person slips

directly into REM sleep during the day and finds it difficult

to stay awake while performing activities, such as driving a

1. Insomnia

2. Sleep apnea

3. REM behavior disorder

4. Narcolepsy (p. 148)

5. Night terrors

LO 4.7

According to the ________________, a dream is the

brain’s attempt to make sense of, or provide an explanation

for, random signals emitted from the brainstem during

sleep.

1. activation synthesis hypothesis

2. psychoanalytic theory

3. the activation-information-mode model (AIM)

4. adaptive theory

5. restorative theory

LO 4.5

According to the ________________, a dream is the

brain’s attempt to make sense of, or provide an explanation

for, random signals emitted from the brainstem during

sleep.

1. activation synthesis hypothesis (p. 150-151)

2. psychoanalytic theory

3. the activation-information-mode model (AIM)

4. adaptive theory

5. restorative theory

LO 4.5

Which of the following is TRUE of hypnosis?

1. It provides people with supernatural strength that they would not have if not hypnotized.

2. It helps to recover reliable memories of past experiences, and therefore is used among police departments- for example, in cases of child abuse reported years later by adults.

3. It can reduce the pain associated with surgery and giving birth.

4. It helps people regress back to the childhood years.

5. It makes people commit immoral acts that they would not normally.

LO 4.6

Which of the following is TRUE of hypnosis?

1. It provides people with supernatural strength that they would not have if not hypnotized.

2. It helps to recover reliable memories of past experiences, and therefore is used among police departments- for example, in cases of child abuse reported years later by adults.

3. It can reduce the pain associated with surgery and giving birth. (p. 154 – Table 4.3)

4. It helps people regress back to the childhood years.

5. It makes people commit immoral acts that they would not normally.

LO 4.6

Psychological dependency on a drug occurs when:

1. a person becomes physically dependent on a drug, and their body craves the drug.

2. a person develops tolerance and needs increased dosages of the drug to achieve the initial effects that the drug once had.

3. a person exhibits withdrawal symptoms when trying to stop drug use.

4. the drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional well-being.

5. a person has difficulty functioning normally without the drug.

LO 4.7

Psychological dependency on a drug occurs when:

1. a person becomes physically dependent on a drug, and their body craves the drug.

2. a person develops tolerance and needs increased dosages of the drug to achieve the initial effects that the drug once had.

3. a person exhibits withdrawal symptoms when trying to stop drug use.

4. the drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional well-being. (p. 157)

5. a person has difficulty functioning normally without the drug.

LO 4.7

Which of the following drugs is most likely to cause

psychosis, where a person starts becoming delusional (i.e.,

having false beliefs), and becomes paranoid?

1. Amphetamines

2. Nicotine

3. Barbiturates

4. Alcohol

5. Caffeine

LO 4.8

Which of the following drugs is most likely to cause

psychosis, where a person starts becoming delusional (i.e.,

having false beliefs), and becomes paranoid?

1. Amphetamines (p. 158)

2. Nicotine

3. Barbiturates

4. Alcohol

5. Caffeine

LO 4.8

Which of the following is NOT considered an effect of

alcohol at a blood alcohol level of .10 or less?

1. Feelings of well being are increased.

2. Judgment is impaired.

3. Inhibitions are lowered.

4. Severe motor disturbances are present.

5. Increased chance of collision when driving a car

LO 4.8

Which of the following is NOT considered an effect of

alcohol at a blood alcohol level of .10 or less?

1. Feelings of well being are increased.

2. Judgment is impaired.

3. Inhibitions are lowered.

4. Severe motor disturbances are present. (p. 163 – Table 4.5)

5. Increased chance of collision when driving a car

LO 4.8

Narcotics, or pain killers, work by attaching to receptor sites

that are for the body’s natural painkiller substance,

_________, partially explaining why narcotics are so addictive:

1.endorphins

2.serotonin

3.acetylcholine

LO 4.9

Narcotics, or pain killers, work by attaching to receptor sites

that are for the body’s natural painkiller substance,

_________, partially explaining why narcotics are so addictive:

1.endorphins (p. 164)

2.serotonin

3.acetylcholine

LO 4.9

This drug is associated with its mind-altering ability to

enhance the senses, making colors seem brighter and

sounds more enhanced than they actually are in reality.

1. LSD

2. Morphine

3. Heroin

4. Cocaine

5. Benzodiazpines

LO 4.9

This drug is associated with its mind-altering ability to

enhance the senses, making colors seem brighter and

sounds more enhanced than they actually are in reality.

1. LSD (p.165)

2. Morphine

3. Heroin

4. Cocaine

5. Benzodiazpines

LO 4.9

All of the following are short or long-term effects of using

marijuana EXCEPT:

1. Immune system damage

2. Anxiety or panic attacks

3. Paranoia

4. Increase chance of developing asthma

5. Clearer thinking that allows for enhanced cognitive abilities

LO 4.9

All of the following are short or long-term effects of using

marijuana EXCEPT:

1. Immune system damage

2. Anxiety or panic attacks

3. Paranoia

4. Increase chance of developing asthma

5. Clearer thinking that allows for enhanced cognitive abilities (p. 166-167)

LO 4.9

Critical Thinking & Student Opinion Slides

What is your experience?

In my life, I have had a dream about being attacked or pursued.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about being attacked or pursued.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 77%

In my life, I have had a dream about killing someone.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about killing someone.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 26%

In my life, I have had a dream about arriving too late.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about arriving too late.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 64%

In my life, I have had a dream about failing an exam.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about failing an exam.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 39%

In my life, I have had a dream about sexual experiences.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about sexual experiences.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 66%

In my life, I have had a dream about being frozen with fright.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about being frozen with fright.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 58%

In my life, I have had a dream about finding money.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about finding money.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 56%

In my life, I have had a dream about schools, teachers, and/or studying.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about schools, teachers, and/or studying.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 71%

In my life, I have had a dream about being naked.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about being naked.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 43%

In my life, I have had a dream about being inappropriately dressed.

A. True

B. False

In my life, I have had a dream about being inappropriately dressed.

A. True

B. False

Larger sample: 46%

prs slides for powerpoint chap 4 consciousness: sleep, dreams, hypnosis, and drugs copyright ©...

stage of sleep

pearson education slide

sleep spindles

body temperature decreases

prolonged sleep deprivation

daylight decreases

waking consciousness

states of consciousness

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