psychology club hult prof. boshkoff presentation - march 23, 2012
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Why is Brain Science so “hot” in business?
“Secret decoder” for behavior Scientific data to support insight Building blocks for understanding what works Offers the promise of lasting change Relevant at the C-Level
Managing the brain; maximizing impact
The Triune Brain Managing the Lizard (Limbic System) Maximizing your PFC (Pre-Frontal Cortex)
Brain mastery – for students! Questions
Our history…
~ 4+ billion years of earth 3.5 billion years of life 650 million years of multi-celled organisms 600 million years of nervous system ~ 200 million years of mammals ~ 60 million years of primates ~ 6 million years ago: last common ancestor with chimpanzees, our
closest relative among the “great apes” (gorillas, orangutans, chimpanzees, bonobos, humans)
2.5 million years of tool-making (starting with brains 1/3 our size) ~ 150,000 years of homo sapiens ~ 50,000 years of modern humans ~ 5000 years of blue, green, hazel eyes
Triune Brain
Reptilian: Brainstem, cerebellum (movement), hypothalamus
(regulates primal drives – sex, food) Reactive and reflexive Avoid hazards
Mammalian: Limbic system (emotion), cingulate (attention), early
cortex Memory, emotion, social behavior Approach rewards
Human: Massive cerebral cortex Abstract thought, language, cooperative planning,
empathy
Negativity Bias
“Sticks” - Predators, natural hazards, social aggression, pain (physical and psychological)
“Carrots” - Food, sex, shelter, social support, pleasure (physical and psychological)
During evolution, avoiding “sticks” usually had more effects on survival than approaching “carrots.”
Urgency - Usually, sticks must be dealt with immediately, while carrots allow a longer approach.
Impact - Sticks usually determine mortality, carrots not; fail to avoid a stick today, no carrots tomorrow!
The Lizzard is fast…
• Every interaction is based on how a person perceives danger and reward – processed in about 1/20 of a second
• We make these decisions biologically. 90% of our brain processing operation is unconscious and not known to us
• The limbic brain reaches a conclusion faster than the PFC and the PFC catches up with the logic
Decoding the Lizard Brain
The limbic system is aroused by emotions Makes toward or away decisions Hot spots are patterns of experience stored in your
limbic system and tagged as dangerous An overly aroused limbic system impairs your
cognitive functioning and dramatically reduces resources to the prefrontal cortex (PFC)
Once aroused, trying to suppress it only makes it worse and is very expensive on resource
Executive Presence Practice
1-2 min restores O2 and stops fight or flight response
Creativity research shows that extended meditation practice increases abilities for creativity and insight
Physical effects of Meditation
Strengthens anterior (frontal) cingulate cortex. Results improve attention, empathy and compassion
Increases activation of left frontal regions which lifts mood
Increases power and reach of gamma-range brain waves
Decreases stress-related cortisol Stronger immune systemSource: Dr. Rick Hanson, Self-directed Neuroplasticity, Mindfulness, and Meditation – UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 2011
Consulting & Innovation January 24, 2012Module B 2011-2012
SCARF Model of Social Threats and Rewards
Change puts people in “pain” Change=Uncertainty
• In times of change increase the sense of relatedness and fairness
• When threatening one area balance out with others• Some events produce a really strong SCARF response
i.e. “English is now our global language” creates threat in all 5 areas
• There are strong cultural differences in SCARF. Beginning to identify series of genes that makes relatedness more important in some cultures.
SCARF
With a partner: Think about the last time you were in a SCARF
event when someone triggered you: What happened to set you off? How might you handle the event differently next time?
You are the corporate athlete
The brain consumes 25% of our daily calories
A well rested and fueled brain has ONLY about 3 hours of very high capacity resource per day
Ultradian cycles are unique to each person - 90 minute cycles Ruthlessly manage your
schedule and work in 90 minute cycles with breaks
Prioritize processing tasks for the limited times of high processing capabilities
Fuel
You are the corporate athlete
Sleep is essential Research shows:
Cognitive function decreased to that of legally intoxicated after only 5 nights of severe sleep deprivation (4 hrs. per night)
Long term sleep deprivation (less than 7 hours per night) inhibits memory
2 Rem Cycles needed for maximum memory retention
10-30 minute nap shown to sustain cognitive performance
90 minute nap restores memory and enables cell repair
Getting Ideas to Stick - AGES
¨ Attention¨ Generative¨ Emotional¨ Spacing
Source: Davachi, L., Maril, A. and Wagner, A.D. (2001). When keeping in mind supports later bringing to mind: neural markers of phonological rehearsal predict subsequent remembering. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13:1059-1070.
Attention – get focused
Research shows that the brain is single processor capable of fast switching on up to 7 tasks
However, multi-tasking reduces time to complete tasks by 25% and overall IQ by 15 %
Practice – eliminate distractions (devices, music, interruptions)
Generative – use it!
Practice: Ask questions Engage in discussion Do something that
works the concepts into the brain – assignment, survey
Be active
Emotion
Practice:
Use emotional devices – story, metaphor, images
Make a choice about positive and negative frames
Spacing (and repetition)
7 repetitions to lay down a new network
1000s to hard wire
Practice: space over time, best if one night of sleep in between intervals – repetition!
MIT: Magnetic Resonance Mathematical Model – Neuro-
networks of the Neo Cortex, 2008
Managing the brain; maximizing impact
SCARF for quelling the Lizard AGES for impact, retention and memory Corporate Athlete practices for surviving and
thriving as a busy student!
Skill Development: Active Listening
Show Empathy:70% of Communication is Non-verbal
Acknowledge Feelings
Inquire:Ask Open Questions (How, What)
Rephrase
• Use non-verbal cues - nod• “OK”• “I got that…”• Use open body language
• “Just to play back…”• “What I hear you saying is…”
• “I hear you saying that…”•
• “Can you say more about…?”• “Help me understand….”• “What are the issues with…?
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