quo vadis educaction (about discourses and trends in social innovation, education, sustainable...
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Mónica Edwards-Schachter, Phd.moed@ingenio.upv.es
7th International Conference on Interdisciplinary SOCIAL SCIENCES25-28 June 2012- Universidad Aba Oliva CEU, Barcelona (Spain)
Educ
Past
FUTURE
Turning point? Fritjof Capra (1982)
Education& action
FUTUREEducation& action
Past
Turning point? Fritjof Capra (1982)
OUTLINE
THE GAP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND ACTION
SOCIAL INNOVATION :THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW
PARADIGM
SI & SUSTAINABILITY DISCOURSES
FINAL REFLECTIONS (AND EDUCATION: QUO
VADIS?)
EDUCATION:
THE GAP BETWEEN
KNOWLEDGE AND ACTION
“At the beginning of the last two decades of our century, we
find ourselves in a state of PROFOUND, WORLD-WIDE
CRISIS. It is a complex, MULTI-DIMENSIONAL CRISIS
whose facets touch EVERY ASPECT OF OUR LIVES. It is
a crisis of intellectual, moral, and spiritual dimensions; a
crisis of a scale and urgency UNPRECEDENTED in
recorded human history. For the first time we have to face
the very real threat of EXTINCTION OF THE HUMAN
RACE and of all life on this planet”
Fritjof Capra (1982). The Turning point.
1962
1972
1992
2012!
Has there been a decline in commitment to
sustainability?
Rio+20 provides an (other) enormous opportunity to
move forward to a new development paradigm …
The big contradiction
Economic growth and SD= positive correlation?
Humankind’s path is a continuous evolution of social networks that build the “Web of Life” in our planet, which seeks self-knowledge and understanding of their own existence …
… of our individual identity
… of our awareness about our existence on the planet
… and building new concepts and theoretical ‘constructs’ (dignity, human rights, innovation, sustainable development, ‘smart’ growth …)
“the net which we throw out in order to catch the world - to
rationalize, explain, and dominate it”
Karl Popper. (1959). The Logic of Scientific Discovery, London: Hutchinson, p. 26.
Rather, our knowledge of reality is formed by the perception
of a real situation and by the interpretation, i.e. the image ...
(Thomas Theorem).
DIFFERENT THEORIES = DIFFERENT NETS = DIFFERENT REALITIES
WORLD VIEWS IN FORMAL EDUCATION
“Learning to perceive social, political, and economic contradictions,
and to take action against the oppressive elements of that reality” (Freire, 1974)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 4 4.1 4.2 4.2* 4.3
1992-2000
2000-2009
Biology and Geology Science Books, N= 69 de 1992-2000 and N = 54 de 2000-2009
Perceptions and images of the planetary crisis: an example
http://lsg.ucy.ac.cy/esera/phd/abstract107.html
SD
• The multi-crisis (environment, economy, society, governance, ethics …)
• Liquid modernity, liquid times, liquid life … (Bauman, 2000, 2005)
• Living in an age of uncertainty and risk … (Beck, 2002)
• Don’t worry, be happy (market without frontiers, consumer society, planned obsolescence in industrial design, individualism …)
• An example: The shock of the rapidly rising phenomenon of the graduate unemployment
‘the profound change which the advent of 'fluid modernity' has brought to the human condition’ Bauman, Z. (2000). Liquid modernity.
CRISIS AND SOCIAL DISCOURSES
• ‘Smart’ growth or … de-growth?
• Transition to a green economy
• The search (or emergence) of a new social order?
• Innovation: the magic potion
In education
• The cognitive revolution (we need to learn with our ‘all’ brain, Robinson, 2005)
• ITCs and the increasing of non-formal and informal learning (‘invisible learning’ - Cobo and Moravec, 2011); connectivism –Downes …)
CRISIS AND SOCIAL DISCOURSES
Dialogues: ‘The future we want’
don’t worry: be happyhttp://www.earthsummit2012.org/news/1064-book-launch-only-one-earth-the-long-road-via-rio-to-sustainable-development
SOCIAL INNOVATION:
THE EMERGENCE OF A
NEW PARADIGM
21
hidden INNOVATION
22
SOCIAL
innovation
F. Moulaert
J. Howaldt
J. Hochgerner
G. Mulgan
A. Hubert
A. Rodríguez & Alvarado
J. Echeverría
S. Conger
A. Gurrutxaga
B. LévesqueD. Harrison
‘social innovations are innovations that are social in both
their ends and their means. Specifically, we define
social innovations as new ideas (products, services and
models) that simultaneously meet social needs (more
effectively than alternatives) and create new social
relationships or collaborations. They are innovations
that are not only good for society but
also enhance society’s capacity to act’
Hubert (2010, p. 7)
DEFINITION OF SI
The SOCIAL shape of
TECHNOLOGICAL innovation
The technological shape of SOCIAL
innovation
≠ Social IMPACT
OF INNOVACIÓN
≠ DIFFUSION
of innovation
What is DESIRABLE
to users?
What is viable in the
MARKET?
What is POSSIBLE with TECHNOLOGY?
What is the most
PROFITABLE?
Which are the real REAL NEEDS?
What SOCIETYdemands?
Is TECHNOLOGY
useful or an enabler …?
What VALUES produces?
‘TRADITIONAL’ TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
SOCIAL INNOVATION
SI &
SUSTAINABILITY
DISCOURSES
INNOVACIÓN
SI
SI
SISI
SI SI
SI
SI DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT
TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
SI?
Innovation is at the core of the EU 2020 Strategy where
is presented as a key element to achieving smart,
sustainable and inclusive growth
‘smart growth’ is used to mean ‘developing an economy
based on knowledge and innovation’
Transforming innovation for sustainability
(Leach et al., 2012).
New words … new discourses
FINAL
REFLECTIONS
(AND
EDUCATION: QUO
VADIS?)
PLANNew
paradigms
Projects
Long life learning
e-portfolio
Blogs
Curriculum
TIC, e-; b-;m-learning
PBL
Webquest
Skills and competences
Active learning
Assessment
Scholar violence
EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
CREATIVITY, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION COMPETENCES
LEARNING
# EDUCATION
Future?Where is the change?
SI is a multi-faceted concept which can be placed at the intersection of spontaneous and rationally organized movements at the micro, meso or macro levels of society (bottom-up). Not all SI is bottom-up …
Globally, the mainstream sustainability agenda is mostly about eco-efficiency and consumer demand
Greening actions and transformation of local consumption can contribute to changes in local social order
SI start at grassroots level around the world …
Some final reflections
Continuing with adjustments to adapt to the changed context, as has frequently been the case in last years ?
We need ...
… openness to new ways of thinking about education
… incorporation of creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship competences together with competences for ‘sustainability’ (‘partial’ solution)
… integration between formal, in-formal and non-formal education
(others places and environments? Embbedding in community?
… other kind of structures! (re-thinking the formal institutions of
education)
Education for sustainability AND innovation
THE SOCIAL IMAGINATION Wright Mills, C. (1959)
ANDREW, C. and KLEIN, J. L. (2010). Social Innovation: What is it and why is it important to understand it better. ET10003. CRISES.
BAUMAN, Z. (2000). Liquid modernity. Polity Press: USA. BAUMAN, Z. (2005). Education in a liquid modernity. Review of Education, Pedagogy, and
Cultural Studies Vol. 27(4):303-317. BECK, U. (2002). La sociedad del riesgo global. Madrid, Siglo XXI. BROOKS, H. (1982). Social and technological innovation. In Lundstedt, Sven B. and Colglazier, E.
William, Jr. (Eds.), Managing innovation. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press, 9-10. COBO ROMANÍ, C. and MORAVEC, J. W. (2011). Aprendizaje Invisible. Hacia una nueva ecología
de la educación. Col·lecció Transmedia XXI. Laboratori de Mitjans Interactius / Publicacions I Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona. Barcelona
DOWNES, S. http://www.downes.ca/ EDWARDS, M. (2005). Activist Science Education. The Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and
Ethics. Editor-in-chief: Dr. Carl Mitcham. Associate Editors: L. Arnhart, S. Bird, D. Johnson y R. Spier. Ed. MacMillan. USA
EDWARDS-SCHACHTER, M., MATTI, C. and ALCÁNTARA, E. (2012). Fostering quality of life through social innovation: A living-lab methodology study-case (forthcoming)
EDWARDS M., GIL D., VILCHES A. and PRAIA J., (2004). La atención a la situación del mundo en la educación científica. Enseñanza de las Ciencias Vol. 22 (1), pp. 47- http://www.oei.es/catmexico/ensenanza_de_las_ciencias.pdf
EUROPEAN UNION/THE YOUNG FOUNDATION. (YF) (2010). Study on social innovation. Report prepared by the Social Innovation eXchange (SIX) and the Young Foundation for the Bureau of European Policy Advisors.
References
HOCHGERNER, j. (2011). The Analysis of Social Innovations as Social Practice. Published in Zentrum für Soziale Innovation (ed.). 2011. Pendeln zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis. ZSI-Beiträge zu sozialen Innovationen. Vienna and Berlin: LIT. 173-189.
HOWALDT, J. and SCHWARTZ, M. (2010). Social innovation: concepts, research fields and international trends. Report of ESF, EU and Aachen University. Dortmund, May 2010.
HUBERT, A. (2010). Empowering people, driving change: Social innovation in the European Union. http://ec.europa.eu/bepa/pdf/publications_pdf/social_innovation.pdf
NUSSBAUM, M. C. and SEN, A. K. (Eds.). (1993). The Quality of life. Oxford University Press.
POLANYI, K. (2001). The great transformation. Boston: Beacon Press. ROBINSON, K. (2005). The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes
Everything. London: Penguin Books. VAN DEN HOVE, S.; MCGLADE, J.; MOTTET, p. and DEPLEDGE, M. H. (2012).
The innovation Union: a perfect means to confused ends? Environmental Science & Policy Vol. 16:73-80.
WAPNER, P. (2011). Civil Society and the Emergent Green Economy. Review of Policy Research, Vol. 28(5):525-530.
WRIGHT MILLS, c. (1959), The Sociological Imagination, 'The Promise', Chapter 1. http://members.ozemail.com.au/~johnthorpe64/Mills.html
References
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