rapid deployment of aerospace flight controls edward l
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Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
Rapid Deployment of Aerospace Flight ControlsRapid Deployment of Aerospace Flight Controls
Edward L. BurnettEdward L. Burnett
Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company -- PalmdalePalmdaleLockheed Martin Senior Fellow Lockheed Martin Senior Fellow
Modeling, Simulation and ControlsModeling, Simulation and Controls
Presented to:Presented to:The The MathWorksMathWorks Aerospace and Defense ConferenceAerospace and Defense Conference
14 June, 200614 June, 2006
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
Rapid Deployment of Aerospace Flight ControlsRapid Deployment of Aerospace Flight Controls
• The Historic Problem
•A Possible Solution
•A Case Study
•Summary
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
The Problem
•Augustine’s Laws− (Law XVI)
• “In the year 2054, the entire defense budget will purchase just one aircraft”
−Software’s Part (Law XVII)• “Like Entropy”
− “Weight nothing”− “Obeys the 2nd Law of
Thermodynamics; i.e., its always increasing”
MASTERCAUTION
Press to Reset
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
The Problem
Major Acquisition Process
ATF1983
YF-221st Flt 1991
F-22A1st Flt 1996IOC 2005
AMRAAM 1977 - 1991
A-121983-1991
JSFX-35 1st Flt 2001 F-35 IOC 2008
18 Years
AFX 1991-1994
JAST 1994-1996
Airframe Service Life
1st Flt
1st Flt
1st Flt U-2A
B-52H
U-2S
C-130J
B-52A
XC-130
2001
JSF Selection
1950
A-12 IOC
1960 1970 1980
1982 2001 2008
F-35
1990
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
The Problem
• However, We Live in a Rapidly Changing World
20001950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2010
9/11/01
Post WWII
Cold War
War on Terror
11/9/8910/4/57
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
The Problem
•Cost Growth of Flight Controls
DevelopmentCost
$
Software
Electronic Hardware
Actuators
Year
BoosterActuators
StabilityAugmentation
Systems
CommandAugmentation
Systems
IrreversibleActuators
IntegratedServo
Actuators
AnalogFly-By-Wire
Systems
Fly-By-WireActuators
DigitalFly-By-Wire
Systems
AutomaticCode
Generation
Incorporation ofDDV Technologies
FuturePossibleTrends
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
The Problem
• Integration Issues− Interface Control Documents (ICDs)
• Variable Name• Data Type• Units• LSB, MSB• Update Rates• …
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
• Looking For Trends in History
Distribution of Severity 1&2 Problem Products(Based on Origination Product Data)
ETS HW/SW15%
OFP27%OS
9%
SDD (Mech)9%
SRS1%
VMC HW8%
VMC IOC18%
VMC DSP5%
VMC CPU1%
Air Data1%
Control Laws4%
VMC ICD (Dual Port or
Hardware)2%(EXEC & PHM)
The Problem
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
• Software Only − Exec, IOC, DSP
• Classical− CLAWS, Air Data
• MBD
Size of Software ExecIOCDSPAirdataCLAWs
Where the Error Are ExecIOCDSPAirdataCLAWs
Factor of 7 Times More Errors From Classical Process
The Problem
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
The Problem
• Cost of Software and ICD Fixes
SRR PDR CDR TRR FFRR FF IOC
$ Per Fix
(Log Scale)
Flight Test
IFAT
Integration TestUnit TestFunctional Test
FMET
Specification
$100
The Program
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
The Problem
• New Challenges –− FAA
• Reliability− Space and Time Partitioning
• UAVs in the NAS− See and Avoid
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Possible Solution
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Possible Solution
•Model Based Design +− Design− Analyze − Deploy − Integrate− Test − Document
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
• Classical VMS System Development Process
Req.
Errors
SW Implementation
Errors
Errors
DesignCLAWS
Simulate
CODE &Install
Integration& Test
Errors
DELAY
DELAY
DELAY
DELAY
DELAY
DELAY
ErrorsDiag. Implementation
Requirement
Requirement
Diag. Implementation
A Possible Solution
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
Req.
Errors
Errors
Design & ACG CLAWS Integration
& Test
Errors
Simulate
Errors
All Implementation
DELAY
DELAY
DELAY
DELAY
Requirement
Requirement
Diag. Implementation
Compressed Schedule
Fewer Delays
Compressed Schedule
TIME
A Possible Solution
• Model Based Design VMS System Development Process
ACG = Automatic Code Generation
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Possible Solution
• Model Drawing Standards− The Enabler
• Learning Curve • Model Reuse • Scripts• Tools• Automated Test
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
FCS_fwrp.f
FCS_wrp_.c
FCS.c
Automatic Code Generation:Template Files, ScriptsCreate C-code and wrappers
/* Real-time model */RT_MODEL_s002fcs s002fcs_M_;RT_MODEL_s002fcs *s002fcs_M = &s002fcs_M_;
void sf_m0_c25_s002fcs(void)
{int32_T i;int32_T ok;int32_T j;real_T temp;i = 0;ok = 0;j = 0;temp = 0.0;j = 0;s002fcs_B.ilimit_c = 1;s002fcs_B.scale_c = 1.0;while(j < s002fcs_B.neff) {
A Possible Solution
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Possible Solution
• Use of Buses and Property Tags− Model Based ICD− Script Testing of Interfaces
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Possible Solution
• Control of Input and Outputs of Sub-Systems− Allows for Automated Test Vector Creation
• Simulation (PIL)• HIL
Iron Bird Testing
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Case Study
• Lockheed Martin – A Recent Example
− Independently Funded Concept Demonstrator
− Rapid Design-Build-Fly Program
− Very Small Team
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Case Study
• Rapid Simulation and Flight Software Development
− Developmental / Analysis Simulation – <1 Month
− Real-Time Piloted Simulation – <2 Months
− HIL & Engineering Test Stand – 7 Months
− SCOs – 9 Months
− Taxi – 12 Months
− 1st Flight – 13 Months
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
A Case Study
• Only 2 Flight Controls Software Changes− Calibration Tables (Scheduled Update)
• During SCOs
− Flight Test Data Output Update • Ethernet to RS422
Edward L. Burnett – MathWorks ADC Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company – Palmdale (PIRA#AER200605002 )
• Model Based Design +− Reduces Design Process Delays− Model Drawing Standards
• Reduces Learning Curve• Increases Model Reuse
− Automatic Code Generation• Reduces Manpower Required• Reduces Errors Early
− Embedded ICD in Model• Reduces Errors in Documentation• Reduces Errors in Integration
− Built in Test and Data Pump • Increases Test Efficiency
Reduces Total Time and Cost to Deploy
Summary
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