read pages 412 - 417. read page 412 - 417 all living things are classified into one of 6 kingdoms....
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Read pages 412 - 417
Read page 412 - 417
All living things are classified into one of 6 kingdoms.
The six kingdoms are:1. Eubacteria
(Monera)
3. Protista
4. Fungi
5. Plantae
6. Animalia
2. Archaebacteria (Monera)
Until recently (1996) bacteria and archaebacteria were together in the
kingdom Monera. Because of discoveries over the last 20 years
scientists have decided that they are so different that they should have their
own kingdom.
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
p. 411
Each Kingdom has a set of characteristics that bind the organisms in that group together. These characteristics are not ‘rules’ but more like guidelines.
Page 412
Eubacteria
Cell Structure:
Prokaryotic (small and simple) cells
No nucleus (brain of the cell)
No organelles (tiny organs of the cell)
Single-celled – only 1 cell big / unicellular
Size:
Microscopic
Environments:
Found in most common environments – water, soil, mouth …
FYI: one of the oldest and most
successful groups of organisms on
earth
Nutrients:
Most bacteria cannotmake their own food and therefore must live in or on other organisms
Eubacteria
Bacteria Video (5:00)
Useful bacterium.Bacteria, such as Lactobacillus bulgaricus, which turns milk into yogurt, can be useful to humans.
Cell Structure:
Prokaryotic cells
No nucleus
No organelles
Single celledSize:
Microscopic
Archaebacteria
Environments:
Usually found ‘extreme’ environments
Such as highly acid lakes, the bottom of the ocean, in ice flows, or in boiling hot mud or water
Archaebacteria
Colony of the Archaebacterium Methanosarcina mazei. These primitive archaebacteria have unusual cell walls
and membranes and are methane producers.
http://www.visualsunlimited.com/browse/vu197/vu197368.html
Halferax volcanii - salt loving, live in Dead Sea & Great Salt Lake
http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/proceuc/proceuc.htm
PSYCHROPHILES...
Polaromonas vacuolata - cold loving -
live in Antarctic seas
FYI:one of the oldest and most successful groups of organisms on earth
Nutrients:
Most archaebacteria have to digest chemicals not useable (toxic) by other organisms
Archaebacteria
Cell Structure:
Eukaryotic cells
Has a nucleus
Has organelles
Often multi-cellular but sometimes single celled
Size:
Microscopic/Macroscopic
Protistsp. 459
Read pages 418 - 425
Environments:
Found in most common ponds, lakes environments.
FYI:This is the ‘catch all’ kingdom. If an organism does not fit into another kingdom it often winds up here.
Nutrients:
Many protists make their own food, but some cannot.
Protists
Fungip.481
Cell Structure:
Eukaryotic cells
Has a nucleus
Has organelles
Multi-cellular
Size:
Microscopic & Macroscopic
Video: Video: Protists and Fungi (20)
Environments:
Found in most moist and warm areas, often near dead material
FYI:
Used to be classified with plants but now we know they are different enough to have their own kingdom.
Nutrients:
Cannot make their own food so fungi must live on or in living or dead organisms – athlete’s foot, ring worm, diaper rash
Fungi
Plantaep. 501
Cell Structure:
Eukaryotic cells
Has a nucleus
Has organelles
Multi-cellular
Has a large vacuole
Has a cell wall
Size:
Macroscopic
Environments:
Found in most areas where freshwater and sunlight can be found
Plantae
Nutrients:
Are able to make their own food by harnessing energy
from the sun
Plantae
FYI:Many organisms depend on plants because they have the ability to make food using the energy from the sun = photosynthesis
Video: (18 min)
Kingdom of Plants
Animaliap. 593
Cell Structure:
Eukaryotic cells
Has a nucleus
Has organelles – mitochondria, ER, lysosomes
Multi-cellularSize:
Macroscopic
Environments:
Found in most areas where they can find other organisms to eat.
Animalia
FYI: Most animals have some sort of nervous system and the majority of animal species live in oceans.
Nutrients:
Cannot make their own food so animals must eat plants, hunt, filter feed, or scavenge for food.
Animalia
VIDEO: (20 min.)
The World of Animals
A New Zealand fisherman kneels next
to a giant squid believed to have been
caught in early February 2007 in Antarctica's Ross
Sea. The giant squid, known as a colossal
squid (scientific name Mesonychoteuthis
hamiltoni) and thought to be the largest squid ever found anywhere in the world, weighed
an estimated 990 pounds, 330 pounds heavier than the next
biggest specimen ever found.
(New Zealand Ministry of Fisheries/AP Photo
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