regional logistics collaboration and road-rail intermodality rickard bergqvist, ph.d., assistant...

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REGIONAL LOGISTICS REGIONAL LOGISTICS COLLABORATION COLLABORATION AND ROAD-RAIL AND ROAD-RAIL INTERMODALITY INTERMODALITY Rickard Bergqvist, Ph.D., Assistant ProfessorLogistics and Transport Research Group, Department of Business

AdministrationSchool of Business, Economics and Law, Gothenburg UniversityP.O. Box 610SE 405 30 Göteborg, SwedenPhone +46 31 786 5241 (+46 730 290087)Fax     +46 31 786 5244E-mail: rickard.bergqvist@handels.gu.sehttp://www.handels.gu.se/fek/logistikgruppen/

RAIL TRANSPORT IN EURAIL TRANSPORT IN EU

• Traditionally relatively weak growth• About 15% of all inland freight

transports

Percentage share of each mode of transport in total inland transport expressed in tonne-kilometres (tkm). Source: EUROSTAT 2006

COMBINED TRANSPORT IN EUCOMBINED TRANSPORT IN EU

• About 5% of all freight transport• Weak growth

INTERMODAL TRAFFIC OF THE RAILWAYS OF THE EU (15 + NORWAY ANDSWITZERLAND) (IN MILLIONS OF TONNES). SOURCE: Debrie & Gouvernal 2006

The potential of regional logistics collaboration by means of road-rail intermodality,

at present and in the future!

TRENDS

• Increased international trade • Outsourcing • Bigger and more effective sea vessels• Increased containerisation• Harmonisation of rail infrastructure• Privatisation of rail markets• Congestion on roads • Environmental impact

(internalisation of external costs)

Källa: SIKA (2007), Bantrafik 2005

TRENDSTRENDS

MARITIME SECTORMARITIME SECTOR

• Containerisation• International trade• 5-11 % of annual

growth

Growth potential!

5

• DryPorts– Rotterdam, Hamburg, Le Havre,

Marseille, Port of Göteborg • Operators

– Maritime: Shipping lines and ports/terminal operators

– Traction providers• Regional centralisation and traffic

concentration to principal gateways

RAIL SHUTTLESRAIL SHUTTLES

6

Maersk Line (ERS), >250 Avgångar per vecka, >1000 TEU/dag (http://www.ersrail.com)

RAIL SHUTTLE SYSTEM (PORT OF RAIL SHUTTLE SYSTEM (PORT OF GÖTEBORG)GÖTEBORG)

Number of Actors

Marketshare

New shuttles

Annual Growth

Number of operators

7

COST-EFFICIENCYCOST-EFFICIENCY

• Present system of containerized rail shuttle services connected to port of Göteborg

Annual turnover

Business economic cost savings compared to direct road

Socio-economic cost savings compared to direct road Employment

543 709 649 kr 54 495 734 kr 70 844 454 kr 389

Part of the system Share (%)

Port of Göteborg 30%

Dryport (Terminals) 32%

Traindrivers 38%

Total 100%

COST-EFFICIENCYCOST-EFFICIENCY-IN THE FUTURE-IN THE FUTURE

Socio-economic costs savings

S3.1 10% increase in profitability compared to direct road

10% annual growth on existing rail shuttles 6 new rail shuttles annually

S3.2 10% increase in profitability compared to direct road

10% annual growth on existing rail shuttles4 new rail shuttles annually

S2 5% increase in profitability compared to direct road

10% annual growth on existing rail shuttles 4 new rail shuttles annually

S4.1 15% increase in profitability compared to direct road

10% annual growth on existing rail shuttles 2 new rail shuttles annually

S3.3 10% increase in profitability compared to direct road

10% annual growth on existing rail shuttles 2 new rail shuttles annually

S1 0% increase in profitability compared to direct road

5% annual growth on existing rail shuttles2 new rail shuttles annually

Scenario

ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCEENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE

• Currently in the EU more than 20% of greenhouse gas emissions (CO2) comes from the transport sector (Source: Eurostat)

• Road transport accounts for more than 90% of greenhouse gas emissions (CO2) in EU (Source: Eurostat)

• Environmental performance of the present system of rail shuttle services connected to port of Göteborg:

C02 (ton) NOx (kg) HC (kg) CO (kg) PM (kg) SO2 (kg)

-42 542 -322 970 -47 945 -40 673 -6 098 -2 628

Annual decrease in emissions compared to direct road:

ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCEENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE- IN THE FUTURE- IN THE FUTURE

• 0,3-0,7% decrease of Sweden's total CO2 emissions

• Based on EU goal to decrease by 20% compared to 1990 level this would achieve one twentieth of the goal for Sweden

CO2 reductions (ton)

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTFUTURE DEVELOPMENT

• DryPort funtions– Documentation, Storage, Inspection, safety– More profitable rail shuttles over short distances (e.g. >50

km)

• New actors and roles: hauliers, municipalities, ports becomes terminal operators and intermodal players

• Trailers to join the development of rail shuttles

• Traffic concentration and density of terminals (Competition and/or Complement), interregional flows and shuttles

• Rail shuttles will become an ever increasing competitive mean for Ports and regional logistics centres will become an important and powerful logistics actor in the future

12

CONCLUSIONS

Small and medium size road-rail terminals and rail shuttle services are important transport resources

today and increasingly so in the future by the achievements in:

Cost-efficiencyEnvironmental performance

Quality

Regional competitiveness and attractiveness!

Risk assessmentLack of capacity!•Rail infrastructure

•Principal Gateways (Port of Göteborg)•Business model

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