report writing chapter 1: introduction to writing report chapter 2: formal format of bbu report...

Report Writing

Chapter 1: Introduction to Writing Report

Chapter 2: Formal Format of BBU report

Chapter 3: Introduction of Report

Chapter 4: Methodology

Chapter 5: Data Analysis, Result & Discussion

Chapter 6: Conclusion & Recommendation

Chapter 7: Reference and Appendix

By: Srun Chantha

Tel: 012 34 66 82 / 010 519 599 / 097 760 37 37

Build Bright University Faculty of Science of Education and Languages

E-mail: srunchantha@yahoo.com

Webiste: www.srunchanthabbu.tk

Chapter 1: Introduction to Writing Report

What is a report? What is it for? Types of a reportProcess of preparing a written reportThe standard structure of a reportReport outlining

What is a report? What is it for?

A form of communication that gives information.

It is used

- to record routine events.

- to record non-routine events.

- as a basis for making decision

- as a basis for planning in the future

Types of a report

Progressive report Incident report Analytical report

Process of preparing a reportCommission

Individual/Team

Plan

ScopeOutline Tasks

Scheduling

- Primary data- Secondary data

- Scope- Outline- Task - Scheduling

First Draft

Second Draft

Edit

Final Report

Accepted

Needs Revision

Redefine

Standard format of a report

Front Mater

- Cover page - Letter of Transmittal- Title- Content page - List of illustrations- Summary/Synopsis- Abstract

Report Body

- Introduction (Background of the problem)- Methodology- Results/Discussion - Conclusion/Recommendation

End Matter - Reference- Appendix

Report Outlining

Alphanumeric system Decimal system

Chapter 2: Formal Format of BBU report

1. Cover page with supervisor’s signature2. Declaration of originality3. Table of contents4. Acknowledgement 5. Abstract 6. Figures/Tables7. Abbreviation8. Introduction 9. Methodology10. Results and Discussion 11. Conclusions12. Recommendations13. References14. Appendix

Refer to the Handout

Guildelines for Formal Report Writing for Bachelor of Art in Teaching English as

a Foreign Languages (TEFL)

You can download soft copy from the website: http://www.srunchanthabbu.tk

Declaration of Originality ModelDECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY

I declare that this report is of my original study and it has

not been submitted to any other research institutes for

any purposes. I am responsible for and accept any fraud,

cheating and copying work from other people’s work. If

those cases have been found out, my report will be

automatically considered invalid.

.........................................Srun Chantha.........................................Leng Chantha.........................................Nav Chantha .........................................Kaing Chantha.........................................

Acknowledgement Sample

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A great deal of effort and time have been invested in the preparation of this report, but even that this report would not have come into existence without the valuable sources from the following people.

First of all, I wish to express my profound thank to my advisor, Mr. Srun Chantha, for his patient assistance and constant encouragement that have led me to be successful in writing my report.

Secondly, I like extend my appreciation and thank to Mr. Seng Long, vice dean of Faculty of Science of Education and Languages, for his additional support and comment for the improvement of my report.

Above all, I am forever grateful to my family especially my parents for their emotional and financial support which have led me to achieve my educational goal.

Abstract

A summary of a longer report Is different from introduction Abstract should include the following:

- Background - Purposes

- Methods - Major findings - Conclusions - Recommendation

Figure Sample

LIST OF FIGURES Page

Figure 1: Statistics of Cambodian Students 21Figure 2: Number of Consumer Response 30Figure 3: Number of District 45Figure 4: Consumer who refused the brand 56Figure 5: ............................................................

66

Table Sample

LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table 1: Statistics of Cambodian Students 15Table 2: Number of Consumer Response 25Table 3: Number of District 47Table 4: Consumer who refused the brand 66Table 5: ............................................................ 71

List of Abbreviation Model

MOEYS Ministry of Education Youth and Sport

BBU Build Bright University

STT Student Talking Time

TTT Teacher Talking Time

TESL Teaching English as Second Language

WB World Bank

ISO International Standard Organization

UN United Nation

T Teacher

S Student

FPP Final Project Paper

GDP Gross Domestic Product

ABBREVIATION

Chapter 3: Introduction

Background information on the problem Objectives Scope and limitation Methodology Keyword

Chapter 4: Methodology

Data collection techniques Sampling method

Data Collection Techniques

Methods of Data Collection

Printed Sources and Mass Media

Govt. PublicationsEarlier ResearchCensusInternetJournalsNewspaperMagazineBookEtc

Observation Interviewing Questionnaire

Participant Mailed Questionnaire

Structured

Collective Questionnaire

Unstructured Non-participant

Secondary Sources

Primary Sources

Using data from secondary sources

Paraphrasing Summarizing Quoting

Paraphrasing, Summarizing and Quoting are involved with using thoughts, ideas and fact from other authors to explain your topic of your report. When you paraphrase, summarize or quote, you must acknowledge the source. In other words, you must cite the sources you took from.

Ways of citing the sources

Author ProminenceInformation Prominence

Ways of citing the sources

Author Prominence

Use the author surname as part of the sentence with year of publication and page number in the parentheses.

David (2003, p. 21) has agued that “It is the responsibility of all developed nations to ease their burden.”

David and Christopher (2006, p. 99) stated, “The number of world refugees now exceeds 11 million.”

David et al. (2005, p. 98) stated, “The number of world refugees now exceeds 11 million.”

David et al (2005) stated, “The number of world refugees now exceeds 11 million” (p. 80).

Ways of citing the sources

Information Prominence

Use the author’s surname, year of publication and page number in the parentheses at the end of the sentence.

It has been agued that “It is the responsibility of all developed nations to ease their burden” (David 2003, p. 21).

It has been agued that “It is the responsibility of all developed nations to ease their burden” (David & Christopher 2003, p. 21).

It has been agued that “It is the responsibility of all developed nations to ease their burden” (David et al. 2003, p. 21).

Paraphrasing

Use your own words to write someone’s idea without changing the meaning.

You paraphrase by using synonyms or expressing the ideas in your own sentences.

Is as long as the original information. Contains all the details of the original

Paraphrasing Sample

Original text

The citizens of Siem Reap are complaining loudly about the problems and inefficiency of the sanitation system, because Friday the sanitation crew removed approximately half of the refuse on the center street.

Source: Abrams, K. (1982, p.23) Sanitation System, New Jersey: Prentice Hall

Paraphrase

Garbage removal for people of Siem Reap has been a problem. They are unhappy about the way the garbage collectors have done their job. For example, only half of the garbage was removed on Friday. (Abrams 1982, p.23)

Summarizing

To write the main ideas of a paragraph, section or article.

To put the writer’s main ideas into your own words.

To shorten a large amount of material. To leave out unnecessary details.

Summarizing SampleOriginal text

The citizens of Siem Reap are complaining loudly about the problems and inefficiency of the sanitation system, because Friday the sanitation crew removed approximately half of the refuse on the center street.

Source: Abrams, K. (1982, p.23) Sanitation System, New Jersey: Prentice Hall

Summary

The garbage collection crew in Siem Reap is not working efficiently, and the people who live there are unhappy about it (Abrams 1982, p.23).

Abrams said that the garbage collection crew in Siem Reap is not working efficiently, and the people who live there are unhappy about it (1982, p.23).

Abrams (1982) said that the garbage collection crew in Siem Reap is not working efficiently, and the people who live there are unhappy about

it (p.23).

Abrams (1982, p.23) said that the garbage collection crew in Siem Reap is not working efficiently, and the people who live there are unhappy about it.

Quoting

To use someone’s exact words in your report. You quote coz the author wrote clear and exact

words that you think are valuable. You quote coz the author is the one you trust and

you want to use his or her words to explain your ideas.

You quote coz the author wrote unique words that will add interest in your report.

There are two types of quotation—short quotation and long quotation.

Short quotation

Consists of fewer than 30 words. Should be incorporated into your sentence

without disrupting the flow of your paragraph.

Should have the full stop outside the reference.

Should keep the same font size of the paragraph.

Short quotation model

Short quotation

The church is not the only setting where the soul may be nurtured as “the soul also finds substance in more domestic settings, like the family home where customs and values have created a spirit handed down over generations” (Jones 1998, p.89).

Long quotation

Contains more than 30 words. Should be begun on new line. Do not use

quotation marksPeriod is put at the end of quotation. Put citation at the end of the sentence. You should introduce sentences in your own

words before you use long quotation. Fully indented to make sure it looks distinct from

sentences in the paragraph. Use smaller font than other sentences in the

paragraph.

Long quotation sample

Long quotation

The church is not the only setting where the soul may be nurtured as:

The soul also finds substance in more domestic settings, like the family home where

customs and values have created a spirit handed down over generations. According

to Thomas Moore, the soul finds sacredness in the ordinary, and may benefit most

when its spiritual life is performed in the context of mundane daily life.

(Jones 1998, p.89).

Important points about quoting

When you quote other people’s ideas: Be accurate. Do not change the original. If

you have a good reason to omit part of a quotation, use an ellipsis (...) in place of the missing words. Example

“The first reason . . . is the inability of underdeveloped nations to produce enough

food,” Dr. Doom (2003, p. 32) stated.

Important points about quoting

If you have a good reason to add words to the original, put brackets ([ ]) around the added words. Example

“The first reason [for the inevitability] is the inability of underdeveloped nations, which have only thirty percent of the population, consume seventy percent of the food,” he said.

Using data from primary sources

Observation InterviewQuestionnaire

Observation

Systematic and selective way of watching and listening to an interaction or phenomenon as it takes place.

Is appropriate for studying the individuals’ behavior not their perceptions.

Is also appropriate in situations where full and accurate information cannot be elicited by questioning.

Types of observation: Participant Observation and Non-participant Observation

Participant Observation

An observation in which a researcher participates in the activities of the group being observed in the same manner as its members.

Non-participant observation

An observation in which the researcher does not get involved in the activities of the group being observed.

A researcher, in this type of observation, remains a passive observer, watching and listening to its activities and drawing conclusions from this.

Problems with using observation

Individuals may change their behavior when they become aware that they are being observed.

The interpretations drawn from observation might vary from one observer to another.

There is the possibility of incomplete observation and/or recording.

Ways of recording observation

Narrative recording Scale recording Categorical recording Recording on mechanical devices

Narrative recording

The researcher records a description of the interaction in his or her own words.

He or she makes brief notes while observing and soon after observation makes detailed notes in narrative form.

Scale recording

The researcher develops a scale so as to rate various aspects of the interaction or phenomenon.

Scale recording example

Categorical recording

Observer decide to record his or her observation using categories.

The type and number of categories depend on the type of interaction and the observer’s choice about how to classify the observation.

Categorical recording example

Recording on mechanical devices

Observer use a video tape to record his or her observation and then analyze.

Interview

A person-to-person interaction between two or more individuals with a specific purpose in mind.

Types of interview:

- Unstructured interview

- Structured interview.

Unstructured interview

Is also known as in-depth interview.Interviewer formulates questions

spontaneously during an interview. It can be carried out in a one-to-one

situation or collectively with a group of respondents called focused group interview.

Structured interview

The investigator asks a pre-determined set of questions, using the same wording and order of questions as specified in the interview schedule.

Interview schedule is a written list of questions, open or closed-ended, prepared for use by an interview.

Interview can be carried out by face-to-face, telephone or other electronic media.

The advantages of the interview

is appropriate for complex situationsis useful for collecting in-depth informationInformation can be supplementedQuestions can be explainedhas a wider applicationCan investigates motives and feelingsGood response rate

The disadvantages of the interview

is time-consuming and expensivegeographical limitationthe quality of data may vary when many

interviewers are usedthe interviewer may be biasedpossible embarrassment

Planning interview

List the area in which you require information.

Decide on type of interview.Transform areas into actual questions.Try them out on a friend or relative.Make an appointment with respondents.Try and fix a venue and time.

Conducting interview

.

Questionnaire

A written list of questions, the answers to which are recorded by respondents.

In questionnaire respondents read the questions and write down the answers.

The difference between an interview schedule and a questionnaire is that, in the interview schedule it is the interviewer who asks and explains the questions and records the respondent’s replies on an interview schedule.

Considerable aspects when designing questionnaireQuestions must be clear and easy to understandThe layout should be easy to read and pleasant to

respondents’ eyes. The sequence of questions should be easy to follow.The questionnaire should be developed in an interactive

way. A sensitive question should be prefaced by an interactive

statement explaining the relevance of the question. Use a different font for interactive statements to

distinguish them from the actual questions. Excessive size can only reduce response rates.Short and simple questionnaire are the best.

The choice between a questionnaire and an interview schedule

The nature of the investigationThe geographical distribution of the study

populationThe type of study population

Ways of administering a questionnaire

The mailed questionnaireCollective questionnaireAdministration in a public place

The advantages of a questionnaire

Less expensive Offers greater anonymityCan cover a large number of people or

organisationWide geographic coverageNo prior arrangement are neededAvoids embarrassment on the part of the

respondentRespondent can consider responsesNo interviewer bias

The disadvantages of a questionnaire

Limited applicationA low response rateLack of opportunity to clarify issuesThe response to a question may be

influenced by the response to other questions

It is possible to consult othersA response cannot be added with other

information

Designing your questionnaire It is important that you write a covering letter with your

questionnaire: - introduce you and the institution you are representing. - describe in two or three sentences the main objectives of your study.- convey any general instruction- indicate that participation in the study is voluntary.- assure respondents of the anonymity of the information provided by them.- provide a contact number in case they have any questions.- give a return address for the questionnaire and a deadline for its return.- thank them for their participation in the study.

Forms of question in questionnaire

Open-ended questionsClose-ended questionsAttitude questionsRanking questionsCategorical questionsListing questions

Open-ended questions

the possible responses are not given.the respondents write down the answers

in his or her words.

Open-ended question model

Questionnaire

A. What is your current age? ........... years

B. How would you describe your current marital status? ............

C. What is your average annual income? ............... $

D. What, in your opinion, are the qualities of a good administrator?

1..........................2..........................3..........................4..........................5..........................

Advantages of open-ended questions

provide in-depth informationprovide respondents the opportunity to

express themselves freely, resulting in a greater variety of information

Disadvantages of open-ended questions

Analysis is difficultsome respondents may not be able to

express themselves, so information can be lost

Close-ended questions

the possible answers are set out in the questionnaire.

the respondent or the investigator ticks the category that best describes the respondent’s answer.

It is usually wise to provide a category “other, please specify” to accommodate any response not listed.

Close-ended question modelQuestionnaire

A. Please indicate your age by placing a tick in the appropriate category under 15 15-19 years old 20-24 years old

B. How would you describe your current marital status? Married Single Divorced

C. What, in your opinion, are the qualities of a good administration? Able to make decisions Fast decision maker Able to listen Other, please specify..........................................................................................................................................................................................

Advantages of close-ended questions

As it provides ready made categories, it helps to ensure that the information needed by the researcher is obtained

Because the possible responses are already categorized, they are easy to analyze.

Disadvantages of close-ended questions

information obtained lacks depth and variety

chance of investigator bias

Attitude questions

The respondent says how much they agree or disagree with each one.

Attitude question example 1

Attitude question example 2

Ranking questions

Ask the respondent to place things in rank or order.

Ranking question model

Categorical questions

Each respondent's answer can fit only one category.

Categorical question example

Listing questions

Offer the respondent a list of responses, any of which they can choose.

Listing question sample

Considerations in formulating questions

Always use simple and everyday language

Do not use ambiguous questionsDo not ask double-barreled questionsDo not ask leading questionsDo not ask questions that are based on

presumptions

Process of questionnaire development

The construction of questions in questionnaire or interviewStep 1: list all the specific objectives,

research questions or hypotheses to be tested.

Step 2: For each objective, research question or hypothesis, list all the

associated questions that you want to answer through your study.

Step 3: Take each question identified in step 2 and list the information required to answer it.

Step 4: Formulate questions to obtain this information.

Constructing question model

Order of questions

Random orderLogical progression

Prerequisites for data collection

Motivation to share the required information

Clear understanding of the questionsPossession of the required information

Sampling methods

Technical terms about samplingNeed to do samplingSteps for doing samplingTypes of sampling

Technical terms about samplingPopulation does not necessarily mean people; it can

refer to aggregates of texts, institutions, or anything else being investigated.

A sample is simply a small group drawn from the survey population.

Sampling is the process of taking samples from population in order to generalize our results back to the population from which they were chosen.

Sampling frame is a list that should contain all or most of the elements of the population you wish to sample.

Quantitative data is anything that can be expressed in statistical or number form or can be measured in some way, such as age, qualifications, or income.

Qualitative data is concerned with people’s feelings about some issues. Data may be gathered from either primary sources or secondary sources.

Why a need to do sampling?

It would be impractical to survey the entire population

Your budget constraints. Your time constraints. You have to collect all the data but need the

results quickly.However, you can survey an entire population

when it is of a manageable size.

Steps for doing sampling

Types Sampling

- Snowball sampling

Probability sampling

Any method of sampling that utilises some form of random selection.

Units are selected by chance.

Simple random sampling

Selecting samples at random from the sampling frame using either random number table or lottery mode.

In lottery method, you write number in a piece of paper and then put them in a box and you pick up the number until you reached the sample size.

Systematic sampling

Example 1

Systematic sampling

Example 2

Stratified random sampling

Involves separating the research population into distinct, non-overlapping groups (strata), each containing subjects that share similar characteristics.

Strata is plural Stratum is singular Stratified random sampling is also called

proportional or quota random sampling.

Stratified random sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster or area sampling

Divide population into groups or clusters.Randomly sample clustersMeasure all units within sample clusters

Multi-stage sampling

Sometimes population is too large and scattered for it to be practical to make a list of the entire population from which to draw a sample.

For example, when a polling organisation samples provinces in Cambodia. The organisation lists are compiled by provinces. They might first do a sample of provinces then samples within the selected provinces. These illustrate two stages. They might use even more stages.

Non-probability sampling

Any method of sampling that utilises some form of non-random selection.

Usually, researchers purposively select sample units.

Convenient sampling

is also known as grab, accidental or opportunity sampling.

involves the sample being drawn from that part of the population which is close to hand.

a sample population selected because it is readily available and convenient.

the researcher using such a sample cannot scientifically make generalizations about the total population from this sample because it would not be representative enough.

Convenient sampling example

Interviewing people at a shopping mall as they walk by. This is easy because you just choose it, without any random mechanism. You just choose the people that walk by you as your standing there.

Or if you want to choose 5 people from a class of 50. You could choose : First 5 students who raise their hand. First 5 students in the first row. 5 tallest students .

Judgment sampling

is also known as purposive sampling. A method of choosing a data sample drawn from

a larger population based on one's own judgment, grounded in relevant experience.

is used when you want a quick sample and you believe you are able to select a sufficiently representative sample for your purposes.

use your own judgment to select what seems like an appropriate sample.

For example, market researchers might judge a particular town centre shopping centre to be representative of their target market.

Quota sampling

It is similar to stratified random sampling. However, the selection within strata is non-random.

In quota sampling, the population is first segmented into mutually exclusive sub-groups, just as in stratified sampling. Then judgment is used to select the subjects or units from each segment based on a specified proportion.

Quota sampling is useful when time is limited, sampling frame is not available, research budget is very tight or when detailed accuracy is not important. you can also choose how many of each category is selected.

Quota sampling example

Snowball sampling

Use when you do not have access to sufficient people with the characteristics you are seeking.

Find people to study. Ask them to refer you other people who fit your study requirements, then follow up with these new people. Repeat this method of requesting referrals until you have studied enough people.

Snowball sampling example

A researcher is studying environmental engineers but can only find five. She asks these engineers if they know any more. They give her several further referrals, who in turn provide additional contacts. In this way, she manages to contact sufficient engineers.

Chapter 5: Data analysis, Result & Discussion

Processing DataResult Section (Displaying Data)Discussion Section

Processing data

- Editing data

- Integrating data

- Analysis

Steps in Data Processing

Editing Data

scrutinizing the completed research instruments to identify and minimize errors, incompleteness, misclassification in the information obtained from the respondents.

Why editing data?

forget to ask questionsforget to record a responsewrongly classify a responsewrite only half a responsewrite illegibly

Ways of minimizing such problems

By inferenceBy recallBy going back to the respondents

Ways of editing data

Examine answers to one question or variable at a time

Examine answers to all questions at the same time, this is examine the responses given by a respondent.

Integrating and analyzing data

Use SPSS program to integrate data. SPSS stands for Statistical Package for

Social and Science.SPSS is used to integrate, analyze and

display the data.

You can download “SPSS” program from the website: http://www.srunchanthabbu.tk

Call to the number, 012 346 682, if you have any questions.

Result section (Displaying data)

This section is the analysis of the result you have obtained from the field.

In this case, tell the readers what you have searched or found, and what the results mean.

Graphs and tables are good methods for presenting data.

Result section consist of 3 points:

Presenting the result Analyzing the result Drawing conclusion

Presenting the result

Presenting result through tables. Presenting result using graphs.

Chapter 6: Conclusion & Recommendation

Summary Conclusion Recommendation

Summary

the highlight of the important findings.In the result part in the report writing, you

meticulously introduce the results point-by-point, but in summary you are now writing bigger chunk of information.

Conclusion

Researcher judge the conclusion upon the completion of the projection implementation and report writing.

Abstract drawn from the summary of findings.

Recommendation

Recommendations are geared toward education and practical utility.

Chapter 7: Reference & Appendices

Reference Appendices

Reference

Reference is written to recognize the sources from where you have quoted.

Reference is written at the end of the paper.

Reference must be alphabetically in logical order.

How to write reference from books

Books Referencing

Single author David, A 2000, A good Age, Mitchell Beazley, London.

2 or 3 authors David, R & John T 2001, the Definition of Disability in Australia, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Canberra.

4 or more authors Leder, R, Dobsin, N, Gibber G, Msthrew S, and Mariot, F 1997, The Australian Film Industry, Dminion Press, Adelaide.

No author Advertising in the Western Cape 1990, ABC Publisher, Cape Town.

Multiple works by same author

Brown, P 1982, coral in the Caprincom group, Central Queensland University, Rockhamton.

Brwon, P 1989, the effects of anchor on corals, Central Queensland University.

Books Referencing

Multiple works published in the same year by same author

Napier, A 1993a, Fatal Storm, Allen & Unwin, Sydney.

Napier, A 1993b, Survival at sea, Allen & Unwin, Sydney.

Editor Kasam, R (ed) 1994, Encyclopedia of adult development, Oryx Press, Phoenix.

Different editions Renton, N 2004, compendium of good writing, 3rd edn, John Wiley & Sons.

Encyclopedia or dictionary

Sadie, S (ed.) 1980, the Headway dictionary, 6thedn, McMillon, London.

Brochure Research and Training Centre on Independent Living 1993, Guidelines for reporting and writing about people with disability [Brochure], 4th edn, Research and Training Centre, Lawrence, KS.

Books Referencing

Thesis Jones, F 1998, ‘The mechanism of Byer residue flocculation’, PhD Thesis, ABC University. Retrieved December 21, 2005, from ABC University Digital Theses.

Conference proceeding Debono, C 2000, ‘the National Trust into the new millennium’, Proceedings of the ninth meeting of the International National Trust, Australian Council of National Trust, Alice Spring, NT, pp. 44-6. Retrieved January 20, 2006, from Inform it Online database.

Annual Report of an organization

Department of Transport and Regional Services 2001, Annual Report 2001-2002, Canberra.

Print Journal Referencing

article Wharton, N 1996, ‘Health and safety in outdoor activity centers’, Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Leadership, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 8-9.

Article – no author Anorexia nervosa 1969, British Medical Journal, vol. 1, pp. 529 -30.

Newspaper/magazines article

Towers, K 2000, ‘Doctor not at fault: coroner’, Australia, 18 January, p.3.

Press Release Smith, C 2000, BHP enters new era, media release, BHP Limited, Melbourne, 1 March.

E-Journal Referencing

Full text Madden, G 2002, ‘Internet economies and policy: an Australian perspective’, Economic Record, vol. 78, no. 242, pp.343 – 58. Retrieved October 16, 2002, from ABI/INFORM Global database.

Full text – no author ‘Internet economies and policy: an Australian perspective’, Economic Record, vol. 78, no. 242, pp.343 – 58. Retrieved October 16, 2002, from ABI/INFORM Global database.

Full text from the Internet

Byrne, A 2004, ‘The end of history: censorship and librarie’, The Australian Library Journal, vol. 53, no. 2. http://www.alia.org.au/publishing/alj/53.2/full.text/byrne.html (accessed 27 November 2009)

Gov’t Publication Referencing

Australian Bureau of Statistics Bulletin

Australian Bureau of Statistics 1999, Disability, ageing and careers: summary of findings, cat. No. 4430.0, ABS, Canberra. Retrieved October 14, 2002, from AusStats database.

Census Information Australian Bureau of Statistics 2001, Census of population and housing: B01 selected characteristics (First release processing) postal area 6050. Retrieved November 20, 2002, from AusStats database.

Gov’t Report Resource Assessment Commission 1991, Forest and timber inquiry: draft report, vol. 1, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.

Other sources Referencing

Film and video recordings

Grumpy meets the orchestra 1992, video recording, Australia Broadcasting Corporation, Sydney. Featuring the Sydney Symphony Orchestra.

Television and radio programs

What are we going to do with the money? 1997, television programs, SBS Television, Sydney, 8 August.

Appendices

Appendix is used to attach any copies of any research instruments questionnaire, interview sheets, complex figures, etc.) that have been used.

All of these should be included in appendix.

Many thanks for your attention !