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Indian Biogas Association (iba)

Review of Biogas Upgrading Technologies: Efficiency, Bio-methane quality, Investment and

Operating cost

Gaurav Kedia Chairman, iba

Biogas Asia Pacific Forum, Kuala Lumpur

12 June 2013

Presented By :

Vishal Gosai

Principal Co-ordinator, iba

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Structure

Indian Biogas Association - an introduction

Biogas and Bio-CNG

Biogas enrichment processes

Financial analysis of Bio-CNG based business model

Challenges for Bio-CNG

Case study: Muni Seva Ashram

Indian Biogas Association - an introduction

Biogas and Bio-CNG

Biogas enrichment processes

Financial analysis of Bio-CNG based business model

Challenges for Bio-CNG

Case study: Muni Seva Ashram

www.biogas-india.com

Indian Biogas Association

IBA aspires to be a unique blend of; nationwide operators, manufacturers and planners of biogas plants, and representatives from science and research. The sole motto of the association is “propagating Biogas in a sustainable way”.

Some of the prestigious members:

Vogelsang, Netzsch, Kirloskar, FGP, Arka BRENStech….

Some of our past event co-organizers:

IIT-Delhi, MNRE, B4E, Renewable World…

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Biomethane is a methane rich (>90%) flammable gas that results from upgradation of Biogas.

Biomethane energy is the use of Biomethane gas to produce heat, power or as a transport fuel.

Biogas

Introduction to Biomethane

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Drying, Desulfurization

Boiler

Heat

Gas conditioning with or without CO2 separation

Bottling or gas grid

Compression

Substitute for LPG or nature

gas

Filling station

Reformation (possibly)

Fuel Electricity & Heat

CHP

BIOGAS

Electricity and heat

Fuel cell

Utilization of Biogas

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Absorption into liquid (Physical / Chemical)

Adsorption on solid surface

Membrane separation

Cryogenic separation

Chemical conversion

Adsorption on solid surface

Membrane separation

Cryogenic separation

Chemical conversion

Biogas Enrichment Process

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Biogas Enrichment Processes – Energy comparison

SU

Source: SGC report

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Comparison

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Amine

PSA

Membrane

Water scrubber

Physical scrubber

Specific Investment Cost

Source: SGC report

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Renewable energy country attractiveness indices

“Plans to make India an emerging bio-economy have led to talks with the US Department of Energy on creating a biomass ‘roadmap', similar to that employed by China.”

Total biomass potential in India is estimated at more than 70 gigawatt (GW)”

- E&Y, 2012, URL: goo.gl/4Ghkw

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Biogas upgrading plants - IEA Bioenergy Task 37

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Annual Biogas Generation

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Distillery

STPs

Paper

Tanneries

OthersBiogas in Million NCum

MW

Full Market Potential ~ USD 3 billion Target Market Potential ~ USD 1.2 billion Annual Biogas 2000 million NCum Annual CBG potential 900 million kgs

320 Nos

300 Nos

500 Ncum/hr

300 Ncum/hr,

600 Nos, Potential sites: 210 300 Ncum/hr,

3000 Nos, Potential sites: 159 300 Ncum/hr,

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Scenario in India

Scattered market

No established player at national level

Market needs someone offering end to end solution

Experienced and skilled workforce is lacking

Government active intervention is needed

Promotion of Bio-CNG is lacking

Different approach is needed for small, medium and large scale biogas upgradation plant promotion

Supply chain management is to be streamlined

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Bio-CNG: A need for Indian rural and Industrial sector

• Many countries like India has the natural resources.

• It provides a buffer against energy security concerns.

• It offers a hedge against fossil fuel price hikes and volatility.

• Off-grid energy supply can meet demand in un-served rural areas.

• It can be supplied to both urban and rural poor.

• It can support attainment of a country’s climate change goals.

• Sustainability can be achieved in true sense

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Financial Analysis

1.8-2.1 Units of Electricity

0.4 Kg of Compressed Biogas

USD 0.26 @ $ 0.13/KWh*

USD 0.40 @ $ 1/Kg*

USD 0.1 @ $ 1/NCum

Not to forget – Biofertilizer is an intrinsic part of revenue for Biogas business!

* CAPEX & OPEX almost similar for both type of plants

1 Ncum of Biogas

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Financial Projections – 1 MWel Equivalent

Years

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Am

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in L

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0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Years

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Am

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500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Project Cost

Project Cost with Grantt

Grantt

Cumulative Cash Accrual - CBG

Cash Accrual

Years

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Am

ou

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in L

ac

s

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Electricity CBG

CBG & SUC

100 Lacs = USD 200 000

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Muni Seva Ashram: A Case Study

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• Near Vadodara, close to the district border to Panch Kola and not far away from border to Madhya Pradesh.

• Road and grid access are quite good.

• Distance to industrial sites (Apollo tires, Suzlon, etc. are quite near, so there is a good chance for third party buyers for power.

Geographical location MSA

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MSA Mission

"To serve the deficient and needy sections of the society, without regards to cast, creed, religion or financial status of the recipient, employing the best available appropriate technologies and in complete harmony with the nature."

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Capacity:

20 Nm3 raw biogas per hour

End use:

Vehicular and Thermal

Biogas, Enrichment and Bottling unit

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Solar Cooling

• Vapour Absorption Chiller (VAC) refrigeration system that can achieve cooling up to 6 0C

• Scheffler dishes allow water to reach temperature of 180 0C - Corresponding steam at 8 to 10 kg/cm2 pressure

• 100 Tr of cooling out of this solar Air Conditioning System using Scheffler Concentrators

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Solar Crematorium

• World's First and only “Solar Crematorium”

• System to be backed by biogas for buffer supply

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Renewable heaven

• MSA is using solar street lamp, cooker, and many other renewables

• Sustainability at Ashram has got the human dimension as well!

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Summary

• Bio-CNG: Versatile and efficient

• R&D: Improvement of efficiency and environmental performance of Bio-CNG production and utilization

• For Bio-CNG development, clear governmental policies are crucial

• Integration and compensation of Bio-CNG – technically, financially and socially

• Trees can be retained

• It is a quick, easily controlled fuel

• No smoke or smell (unless there is a leak)

• Clean pots

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Q&A

Commonsense is the realized sense of proportion!

Gaurav Kedia E: gk.kedia@gmail.com M: +91-9983498904 A: #B-2/2392, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi – 110 070, India