rising to new standards -...

Rising to New Standardsg

Rick Chitwood Building Science and Energy Modeling 1

California – Integrated California Integrated Energy Policy

N H Sh ll B N t Z E B• New Homes Shall Be Net‐Zero‐Energy By 2020 (inspired by the 2030 Challenge from Ed M i )Ed Mazria)

• HVAC Industry Shall Be “Revitalized”

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How Much Electricity Does A New California Home Use?Does A New California Home Use?

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How Much Natural Gas Does A New California Home Use?Does A New California Home Use?

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EastWestNorth

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1 t Qt 2 d Qt 3 d Qt 4th Qt1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

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Fan Energy and System Sizinggy y gSurvey Results

Survey low Survey High % difference

Fan: watts/square foot 0.13 W/SF 0.92 W/SF 708%

Heating:  Btu/square foot 9 Btu/SF 110 Btu/SF 1,222%

Cooling:  square feet/ton 1,739 SF/ton 200 SF/ton 869%

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Building Performance Test Equipment is Driving Industry Changesis Driving Industry Changes

• Test equipment started to become available in q p1985.

• Now (over 2 decades later) we have the ability to evaluate the true installed performance of all residential energy featuresresidential energy features.

• As we evaluate each energy feature - large• As we evaluate each energy feature - large opportunities for improvement are found in every category.

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Opportunity ForEnergy Savings

• It’s Common To Average 50% To 80% Energy Savings on Both New and Retrofit ProjectsSavings on Both New and Retrofit Projects.

• When Done Correctly; Comfort, IAQ, Durability and Health & Safety Issues Are Also Taken Into Account With the Savings

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Redding CaliforniaRedding, CaliforniaShowcase Home – Case Study

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Redding, CaliforniagShowcase Home

Bill guaranteed at $76.00 per year for airfor air conditioning, $241.00 per year$241.00 per year for heating, $317.00 per year total, $0.09/sq.ft.-year, 3,500 sq are foot home

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square foot home

Redding California Showcase HomeRedding, California Showcase HomePerformance Monitored By

DOE Building America ProgramDOE Building America Program

Hi h d h (R l ’ Sh f• High‐end custom home (Realtor’s Showcase of Homes)

• Conventional architecture• Conventional architecture• Conventional framing• Conventional insulation (batts in walls loosefillConventional insulation (batts in walls, loosefill 

in attic) • Conventional HVAC system (ducts in the attic)

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Redding, California Showcase HomePerformance Monitored By

DOE Building America Programg g

• Actual cooling costs reduced 81% (83% compressor, 68% fan, report page 10)

• Actual heating costs 49% reduction in gas g gusage, 65% fan energy reduction (report page 10) )

• Cost of energy improvements were 0.4% of home cost or $5 139 00 (see report page 11)

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home cost, or $5,139.00 (see report page 11)

Redding, California Showcase HomePerformance Monitored By

DOE Building America Programg g

• Air conditioner size 2 tons (1,760 square feet f i l)per ton, one quarter of typical)

• 60% better performance than the geothermal h dheat pump next door

• Building America’s computer model DOE‐2 was bl l di h h i dnot able to accurately predict the heating and 

cooling savings – under predicting actual savings by 43% and 46% respectively

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savings by 43% and 46% respectively

Sacramento, CaliforniaSacramento, CaliforniaSMUD Advantage Home

Case StudyCase Study

• Home built in 1998, retrofitted in 2007

• Utility Program Standards 30% better than T‐24Utility Program Standards, 30% better than T 24 

• Already had high performance windows (low‐e2)

• 2800 square foot, slab on grade, two stories

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Natural Gas SavingsNatural Gas Savings

120

140

160Total therm savings: 42%

Heating therm savings: 49%

80

100

120

erm

s

Before

40

60

80

The After

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20

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Octobe

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embe

rDec

embe

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nuary

Februa

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March

April

June Ju

lyAug

ust

Electric Savings

1 800

Electric Savings

1,400

1,600

1,800Total kWh savings since retrofit: 59%*

Air Conditioning kWh savings: 72%*

*Despite 10 20% energy penalty of pre cooling testing in

1,000

1,200

kWh

Before(4 yr avg)Aft

Despite 10-20% energy penalty of pre-cooling testing in summer of 2007—future savings will be greater.

400

600

800k After

-

200

r r r r y y h l e y t

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Octobe

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mber

Decembe

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nuary

Februa

ryMarc

h

April

May

June July

Augus

t

Average Monthly Energy Costs: $98

Total Bill Savings: 

52%

$1,260/year$ , /y(despite rate increases)

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SOLARA

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Homes constructed today have a cost‐Homes constructed today have a costeffective opportunity for energy‐efficiency improvement of abo tefficiency improvement of about: 

a) 0% ‐ 20%a) 0%  20%

b) 20% ‐ 40%

c) 40% ‐ 60%

d) 60% ‐ 80%

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Over the last 10 years the overall ythermal performance of new residential envelopes has increasedresidential envelopes has increased how much?

a) 0%

b) 15%b) 15%

c) 30%)

d) 60%

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Retrofitting a conventional storage g gtype natural gas water heater with a tankless natural gas water heater hastankless natural gas water heater has a simple payback of?

a) 10 weeksa) 10 weeksb) 10 monthsc) 1 yeard) 3 yearse) 10 yearsf) 100 years) y

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