rna: structure and function · rna: structure and function . ... “decodes” instructions from...
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RNA: Structure and Function
What is RNA?
n Ribonucleic Acid
n “Decodes” instructions from DNA codes
Structure
n Made of nucleotides – Sugar (ribose) – Phosphate group
(phosphate + oxygen) – Nitrogen base (A, U,
C, G) n U = Uracil (no Thymine)
Sounds a lot like DNA?
n How it’s different: – Sugar is ribose – Single stranded – Contains uracil
instead of thymine
3 Types of RNA
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) – Carry copies of instructions for assembling proteins
3 Types of RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – Make up ribosomes, where proteins are assembled
3 Types of RNA
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) – Transfers amino acid to the ribosome as coded by the mRNA
Steps of Protein Synthesis n 1st Step
– Transcription n DNA is transcribed to produce a molecule of mRNA
n 2nd Step – Translation
n tRNA is translated in to amino acids or proteins
DNA mRNA transcription
Protein translation
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