rrx mwd - copy
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Measurement While DrillingOverview
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2 Initials
MWD Functions Real-time surveying
Wellbore positioning
Directional Drilling
Real-time formation measurement
transmission
Correlation
Geology
Petrophysics
Geosteering
Real-time drilling mechanics data
Help Drilling process
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3 Initials
Schlumberger MWD SystemsHole
sizesSlimPulse From 4 ¾” to 30”
Impulse From 5 ½” to 7 ¼
PowerPulse From 7 ¾” to 30”
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4 Initials
Schlumberger MWD Systems(Services)
MWD Systems
TransmissionRate
(Bit per second)
Combinability Remarks
SLIMPulse 0.5 ARC (gamma/resistivity)
AIM (inclination)-PWD
Retrievable
Battery powered
IMPulse 0.5 - 3 ADN4 (Neutron/density)
Combine both MWD and
ARC
Turbine powered
PowerPulse 0.5 -16 All LWD tools Turbine powered
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5 Initials
MWD Surveying – Is it important?(1)
While Drilling......... We want to
1- Control the position of wellbore versus Geological model2- React when unexpected events are encountered
3- Anticipate unexpected structural events
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6 Initials
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-1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
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0
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-1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600 800
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0
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Default Color
Main
Proposal
Survey
1600
1500
1400
1 3 0 0
1 2 0 0
A-3 H Plan
2 3 2 5
2 3 0 0
2 2 0 0
2 1 0 0
2 0 0 0
1 9 0 0
1 8 0 0
1 7 0 0
1 6 0 0
1 5 0 0
140 0
1300
A-2 H Pilot Survey
2 1 7 7
2 1 7 7
2 1 0 0
2 0 0 0
1 9 0 0
A-2 AH Survey
2 1 0 0
2 0 0 0
1 9 0 0
1 8 0 0
1 7 0 0
1 6 0 0
A-1 H Survey
2 1 0 0
2 0 0 0
1 9 0 0
1 8 0 0
1 7 0 0
1 6 0 0
1 5 0 0
1 4 0
0
1 3 0
0
1 2 0 0
A4H Plan
SPIDER VIEW
Scale (1 cm = 100 m)
< < <
S O U T H
N O R T H
> > >
<<< WEST EAST >>>
MWD Surveying – Is it important?(2)
X &Y uncertainties Z uncertainty
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7 Initials
3 magnetometers 3 accelerometers
MWD Surveying – D&I Package
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8 Initials
MWD Surveying – Affected by?
Magnetic data affected by any magnetic interferences•Bottom Hole assembly
•Nearby casing
•Magnetic storms
Inclinometer data affected by:• Accuracy limit
•Surveying procedures
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9 Initials
The telemetry – Data transmission(1)
The mud pulse system
• by the Drilling MUD
– MUD PULSE (positive or
negative)
– MUD SIREN
Th t l t D t t i i
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The telemetry – Data transmission(2)
MudMud
Pressure
Time
Pressure
Time
Mud
Time
Pressure
Time
Mud
Pressure Pressure
Time
Positive Pulse: 1 BPS
Negative Pulse: 2BPS
Continuous wave:0.5 to 16 Bits Per Second
POWERPULSE
Th t l t D t t i i
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11 Initials
The telemetry – Data transmission(3)
Th t l t D t t i i
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12 Initials
The telemetry – Data transmission(4)
CODING PROTOCOLE:
Typical data is 6 to12 bits per “word”
Length of one “word” depends on the number
and the complexity of the data to transmit
Usual transmission priority is MWD then LWD
data
MWD+CDR+CDN
Frame # 24
Bits
Sync/ID/Err 27
gtf 8
PHSF_x 10
RHOS_x 10RHOL_x 10
TNRA_x 10
PERA_x 9
ATTN_x 10
gtf 8
GRT_x 8
tur_rpm 7
PHSF_x 10
RHOS_x 10
RHOL_x 10
TNRA_x 10
gtf 8
PERA_x 9CDRSK_x 2
shock_I 8
ATTN_x 10
GRT_x 8
PHSF_x 10
RHOS_x 10
gtf 8
RHOL_x 10
TNRA_x 10
ATTN_x 10
3 bps UPDATE Secs
gtf 22
PHSF_x 29RHOS_x 29
RHOL_x 29
TNRA_x 29
PERA_x 29
ATTN_x 44
GRT_x 44
shock_I 87
tur_rpm 87
CDRSK_x 87
Frame # 24 :
3 bits per second Programmed before the job
Depends on transmission mode
Adjusted to expected ROP for optimum RTsampling rate
May be changed while drilling (depending on
contractors)
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13 Initials
MWD – Surface acquisition
A signal Pressure transducer senses pressure differences
•Sensed pressures are decoded with
the Acquisition System
•MWD Engineers QC
transmission and data
•Data is displayed on screen,
And on paper Logs in the unit
• And
potentially
In Cutomer’s
office
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14 Initials
Signal Demodulation Principles
Type of signals – Downhole (MWD-Motor..)
– Uphole (Pumps-Rig..)
– Echoes & Reflections
– Electrical Noise
Characteristics
– Frequencies
– Attenuation
– DirectionSNR = Signal Power/Bit
Noise Power
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15 Initials
SLIMPusle Retrievable MWD Tool (1)
Adaptable in different collar sizes from 3 ½” to 9 ½”
Covers flow ranges between 35 and 1200 GPM
Transmission rate of 0.5 BPS
Current MWD tool in use in Noyabrsk
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16 Initials
SLIMPusle Retrievable MWD Tool (2)
Measures:
Direction and Inclination
Toolface
Shock
Optional gamma ray
Can be combined with:
AIM (at Bit Inclination) and APWD
(Annuallar pressure) or
ARC 375, 475, 675 (multidepth resistivity
Gamma ray
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17 Initials
IMPusle Tool (1)
Tool size of 4 ¾” to be run in holes between 5 ½” to
7 ¼”
Combine both MWD and ARC Services
Transmission rate between 0.5 and 3 BPS
Flow ranges between 130 to 400 GPM
Used in conjunction with PowerDrive475 RSS
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18 Initials
IMPusle Tool (2)
Measures:
Direction and Inclination
Toolface
Shock
Up to 10 Resistivities
Gamma ray
Can be combined with:
AIM4 (at Bit Inclination)
VPWD (Annuallar pressure)
Vision ADN4 (azimuthal density/Neutron)
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19 Initials
PowerPulse – MWD (1)
MWD for 73/4 in. and larger hole sizes
MWD Collar sizes between 6 ¾” and 9
Fast data update at 0.5 to 16.0 bps
Flow ranges between 275 and 1200 G
Measures:
Direction and Inclination
Toolface
Multiple Shocks
Gamma rayDownhole weight on Bit
Downhole Torque
Collar RPM
Turbine RPM
Temperature
Drilling Mechanics
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20 Initials
PowerPulse – MWD (2)Tool Name Measurements type Tool size Remarks
ARC Gamma rayMultidepth resistivity
6 ¾”, 8 ¼”, 9½” 2 MHz and 400 KHzpropagation resistivity.
GVR (RAB) Azimuthal gammaray
Bit resistivity
Highly focusedazimuthal resistivities
6 ¾”, 8” Laterolog tool
VADN (VisionDensityNeutron)
Density, Neutron,Pef, ultrasonic caliper
4 ¾”, 6 ¾”, 8” Azimuthal capability
ISONIC Delta-t 6 ¾”, 8” Monopole SONICtools
SMWD(seismic MWD)
Check shots 5 ¾”, 8”
NMR (Nuclear
MagneticResonnance)
Free water 6 ¾”
PowerPulse
can be combined
With all LWD Tools
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