russia human geography
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Russia and
the CISHuman Geography
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Birth of an Empire
In the 800s Vikings came and settled in
the region with the Slavic peoples and
the region began to expand. Invaders from Mongolia controlled the
region from 1200 1500 and expansion
was stopped.
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Often called Ivan the Terrible
This prince of Moscow put an end to the Mongol rule in the 1500s Was the first Tsar/Csar (King)
United Russia & expanded their territory (conqueror)
Ivan the Great
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St. Basils Cathedral- in Moscow, RussiaLegend is that Ivan the Terrible had the architects eyes put out
after they built this so that they could never build anything more
beautiful somewhere else.
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Peter the Great (1672-1725)
Peter the Great was
crowned czar of Russia
at the age of 10. Peter tried to
modernize Russia and
bring it up to speed
with the rest of Europe.
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He built St. Petersburg in 1703 as his
Window on the West to be close to
Europe. He made it the new capital.
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Catherine the Great
Catherine the Great is
remembered as one of the
greatest reformers of Russia.
Pushed education
During her reign, Catherine
continued the reforms begun
by Peter the Great that
ultimately led to the
emergence of Russia onto the
worldwide stage of politics.
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During Catherine's reign, Russia also achievedgreat military success and gained large tracts of
land, including access to the Black Sea. Palace ofCatherine the Great
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Industrial Revolution
When the Industrial Revolution came to
Russia, it resulted in harsh working
conditions and low wages. People
began to be angry at the czars who
ruled Russia.
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Nicholas & Alexandra
In 1917, the Russian
Revolution led by
Marx and Lenin, had
the last Czar and his
family all killed.
Lenin took control of
the government. The Communist party
took control of the
economy.
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Russian revolution-1917
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Lenin speaking to crowd
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The Rise of the Soviet Union
In 1922, the Communist party organized
the different peoples from Russias
expansion into the Soviet Union.
The leaders ruled from their new capital,
Moscow.
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MOSCOW (now the capital)St Basils cathedral Kremlin (Govt HQ)
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Expansion
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Cold War
Stalin had taken over leadership by WWII
After the war, he imposed Communist
governments in Eastern Europe. The United States feared a new age of
expansion and spreading of communism
throughout the world.
Tensions between the US and USSR led
to the Cold War.
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Communism
Communism was inspired by Karl Marx whobelieved that citizens should own propertytogether and everyone would share in the
wealth. Soviet leaders adopted a command economy,
where the central government makes all theimportant economic decisions.
The government also took control of all sourcesof the nations wealth, including land, mines,factories, banks, transportation.
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In reality, only a small number of
individuals benefited from the changes
Many people protested but Stalins forcespunished swiftly.
Estimates say that Stalin was responsible
for 14 million deaths.
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Fall of the Soviet Union
A new Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev,
started to give more economic and political
freedom to the Soviet people.
This led to the collapse of the Communist
governments in Eastern Europe and the
Soviet Union.
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15 Republics
The region was
divided into 15
independentrepublics with
Russia being the
largest and most
powerful.
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Russian President VladamirPutin
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Central Asia
Five republics in Central Asia:
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
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Travelers first made their way across the
region in large numbers around 100 B.C.
Many joined caravans making the 4,000mile journey between China and
Mediterranean Sea
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Silk Road
This route was called the Silk Road, after
the costly silk they bough in China.
Also carried other goods including gold,silver, ivory, jade, wine, spices, amber,
porcelain, perfumes
Silk road became a route for spreading
ideas, technology, and religion
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Many cities were built along the silk road
to take advantage of the trade.
Central Asia was in direct path and hasmuch history based on the silk road
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Ethnic Groups
Large number of ethnic groups in CentralAsia
5 nations were made from five largestethnic groups
-Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik,
Turkmen, Uzbek
However, borders deliberately left large
numbers of one ethnic group as minoritiesin their neighboring republics of otherethnic groups
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Language and Religion
Differ in ethnicity, but unified by religion
and language
Most practice Islam, which was brought byMuslim warriors in the 8th and 9th centuries
Most also speak languages related to
Turkish- many also speak Russian
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