russian revolution
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Russian Revolution
Government before the Revolution
Autocratic Monarchy Romanov Family Tsar Nicholas II
took the throne in 1884
Russo-Japanese War
War breaks out in 1904 Causes:
Japan expanding west in to Manchuria and Korea
Russia expanding east in to Asia looking for warm water ports
Outcome: Russia was defeated, the war ended in
1905▪ Far weaker than anyone in Europe thought
Revolution of 1905
January 22, 1905 Bloody Sunday Workers approached the Winter Palace
with a petition, were fired upon by army guard
Unrest and dissatisfaction among peasants and workers
Political groups wanted government reform
Government Changes
Creation of the Duma: May 1906 Initially an advisory committee Broad participation in Duma Legislative and oversight powers
Fundamental Laws: April 23, 1906 Maintained the authority of the Tsar over
the Law, the Church, and the Duma Confirmed basic human rights,
subordinate to the law
WWI
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia in 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Russia backs Serbia as part of the alliances
Mobilization: Russia attacked Germany before they
were ready Not enough soldiers, not enough
supplies, industry and infrastructure not ready for war
The Revolution Begins
February Revolution 1917 (March according to Gregorian Calendar) Reasons: ▪ Failures of Russia in WWI▪ Public dissatisfaction over leadership▪ Economic problems.
Abdication of Tsar Nicholas: March 17, 1917
Provisional Government Created: March 12, 1917 Leader: Alexander Kerensky
Return of Lenin
April 1917 Lenin returns to Russia from exile
Germany helped Lenin return Trying to remove Russia from the war
October Revolution
October 1917 (November according to Gregorian calendar)
Provisional Government overthrown Establishment of Soviet government
under the Bolsheviks
Russian Civil War
Breaks out in 1917 and lasts until 1923
Fighting between: Bolshevik Red Army White Army (anti-Bolsheviks)
Political parties fighting for control of Russia The revolution of 1917 was not a
planned revolution. Therefore haphazard leadership and government was formed. This led to instability.
1918
January: Creation of the Council of People’s Commissars Highest government authority under
Bolsheviks March: Bolshevik party renamed
Communist party March 3, 1918: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Treaty between Germany and Russia End of WWI for Russia
In to the 20s
January 21, 1924 Lenin dies
1927 Stalin comes in
to leadership power in Russia
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