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SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 1 of 15
1 Identification of the substance/preparation and of the company/undertaking
Commercial product name Nitric acid non-concentrated Common chemical name Nitric acid 30 - 60 % Synonyms Hydrogen nitrate, nitrous fumes, nitryl hydroxide, aqua
fortis, azotic acid. Chemical formula HNO3 EU index number 007-004-00-1 EC No 231-714-2 CAS No. 7697-37-2 REACH Registration No 01-2119487297-23-XXXX Use of the substance/preparation In chemical industry, for production of ammonium nitrate,
compound fertilizers, for oxidizing processes in pickling of
metals, in textile industry, military industry, in agriculture,
food industry, machine industry, polygraphy.
In accordance with conditions, described in the annex to
this safety data sheet. Company name AS INGLE Company address Ingliste 79004, Rapla maakond, EESTI Company telephone +372 48 90 190 Company e-mail info@ingle.ee www.ingle.ee Emergency telephone 112
2 Hazards identification Classification
Classification according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008
(CLP):
SKIN CORROSION/ IRRITATION - Category 1A H 314
CORROSIVE TO METALS Category 1 H290
Additional hazard classes: EUH071
Additional hazard statement : Corrosive to the respiratory
tract.
Note: B
Classification to Directive 67/548/EEC:
C; R35
Note: B
Label elements:
Regulation (EC) No
1272/2008/EÜ:
Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008:
Nitric acid …….%
CAS no: 7697-37-2 EC no: 231-714-2
Danger
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
H290 May be corrosive to metals.
P234 Keep only in original container.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye
protection/face protection
P307 + P311 IF exposed: Immediately call a POISON
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 2 of 15
CENTER or doctor/physician.
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and
keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing
P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. DO
NOT induce vomiting.
P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off
immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with
water/shower.
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with
water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present
and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Additional hazard statement : EUH071Corrosive to the
respiratory tract.
Directive 67/548/EMÜ: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008:
Nitric acid …….%
CAS no: 7697-37-2 EC no: 231-714-2
corrosive
R35 Causes severe burns.
S1/2 Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray.
S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with
plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
S36 Wear suitable protective clothing.
S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical
advice immediately (show
the label where possible).
Physical and chemical hazards
Nitric acid is a corrosive liquid. Non-flammable, fire
hazardous liquid. In contact with combustible materials
causes their self-ignition. Being heated, decomposes with
formation of toxic vapours (NOx). Reaction with water is
followed by heat emission (exothermic reaction) and
generation of corrosive vapours.
Health hazards Causes severe burns of all parts of body. Affects central
nervous system, vascular system and respiratory system,
organs of vision, liver, skin, teeth, gastrointestinal tract.
Nitric acid vapours are corrosive, hazardous in case of
inhalation, can cause pulmonary edema, which can lead to
lethal outcome. Nitric acid vapours cause odontatrophia,
conjunctivitis and affect eye cornea.
Inhalation: coughing, difficulty of respiration, dyspnea,
pulmonary edema, conjunctivitis, eye cornea damage.
Delayed pulmonary edema may develop.
Ingestion: burn of oral cavity, throat and gastro-intestinal
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 3 of 15
tract, nausea, acute stomach pains, vomit with impure of
blood, difficulty of respiration, moist cough. In hard cases-
shock, collapse.
Eye contact: severe burns, possible cornea alterations, loss
of vision.
Skin contact: severe burns.
Environmental hazards Not classified as hazardous for the environment. If the
conditions of use are not observed, may be harmful to
surrounding flora and fauna. Destroys animal and plant
tissues. In view of product acidity, nitric acid may be
dangerous to aquatic organisms.
3 Composition/information on ingredients
Chemical characterization (preparation)
description
Aqueous solution of nitric acid
Hazardous ingredients
Chemical
name:
Nitric acid
HNO3
CAS no.:
7697-37-2
EC no.:
231-714-2
%(w/w):
30-60
Classification according to Regulation
(EC) 1272/2008 (CLP):
Oxidising Liquids Cat. 3 H272
Skin Corrosion/ Irritation Cat.1A H314
Corrosive to Metals Cat. 1 H290
EUH071 Skin Corr. 1A H314: C ≥ 20 %
Skin Corr. 1B H314: 5 % ≤ C< 20 %
Ox. Liq. 3 H272: C ≥ 65 %
Classification
according to Directive
67/548/EEC:
О; R8
C; R35
c ≥ 70%: O, C ; R8, R35
c ≥ 20%: C; R35
5% ≤ c < 20%: C; R34
EC no. means EINECS or ELINCS number.
Note: see section 16 for full text of R-phrases, Hazard statement and Precautionary
Statement Prevention.
4 First aid measures
General
A rescuer should wear personal protective equipment, such
as rubber gloves and air-tight goggles.
Immediate medical assistance is required in case of
inhalation, ingestion of nitric acid, eye and skin contact.
After inhalation, delayed pulmonary edema may develop.
Inhalation
Remove the patient to fresh air, provide absolute rest in
position, comfortable for breathing. In case of asphyxia-
apply oxygen. Immediately seek medical attention
Ingestion IF SWALLOWED: rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
Get immediate medical attention! Urgent hospitalization!
Skin contact
IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all
contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Seek immediate medical attention.
Eye contact
IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several
minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing. Seek immediate medical attention.
Note to physician Treatment is symptomatic.
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 4 of 15
In case of inhalation, pulmonary edema may develop. The
patient must be under the care of physician for at least 48
hours after exposure, as development of delayed pulmonary
edema is possible.
5 Fire-fighting measures
Suitable extinguishing media Dry powders, carbon dioxide, water spray for deposition of
vapours.
Extinguishing media not to be
used
Directed waterjet.
Specific hazards Toxic oxides of nitrogen (NOx) release in case of
decomposition.
Danger of explosion in case of interaction with strong
reducing agents, metals, as the reaction is accompanied by
release of hydrogen, capable of forming explosive mixtures
with air.
Hazardous thermal
decomposition and combustion
products
Decomposition may liberate nitric acid and toxic nitrogen
oxides (NOx).
Special fire fighting procedures Stay upwind during nitric acid extinguishing. Cool down
the containers with nitric acid by water spray. Avoid
entering of water into containers. Nitric acid vapours should
be absorbed by spray water or water mist. Enter the fire
area, wearing fire-protective clothing and self-contained
breathing apparatus.
Special protective equipment for
fire-fighters
Wear full fire-protective clothing and self-contained
breathing apparatus.
6 Accidental release measures
Personal precautions Isolate the hazard area. Exclude the presence of persons,
not participating in rescue operation Avoid entry into
danger area. Remove all possible sources of ignition. If
necessary, localize the spilled liquid by digging around. The
spills should be cautiously neutralized by lime or
carbonates.
Use explosion-proof equipment and explosion-proof tools.
Avoid contact with the substance. Apply self-contained
breathing apparatus and fire-protective clothing. Evacuate
people, taking into account toxic gas cloud travel direction,
choosing up-wind location of people. Organize medical
examination for people from danger area. All competent
authorities should be informed about the incident in
accordance with legislation requirements.
Environmental precautions Prevent from leaks of substance. Do not allow substance to
enter soil, water and sewage systems
In case of substance discharge into water-supply sources,
inform regulatory authorities immediately, stop supply and
use of water.
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 5 of 15
Use water curtain to reduce spreading of nitric acid
vapours.
Methods for cleaning up Neutralize cautiously using lime or carbonates. Do not use
saw-dust or other combustible materials to collect nitric
acid spills. The impregnated material is removed from the
room and disposed in accordance with valid legal waste
regulations. The place of nitric acid spill is washed with
water. Water is collected by explosion proof pumps into
hermetically closed container, and supplied for disposal
according to valid legal waste regulations.
It’s prohibited to discharge waste nitric acid into sewage
system. It should be collected into a hermetically closed
container and dispose according to valid legal waste
regulations.
Remarks Cleaning of the pollution zone should be done only by
specially trained personnel.
Note: see section 8 for personal protective equipment and section 13 tor waste disposals.
7 Handling and storage
Handling Use hermetical process equipment and transportation
packing. Ventilation of processing area, effective exhaust.
Handling nitric acid is not allowed if ventilation is out of
order. Observe all fire-fighting measures (no smoking, do
not handle with naked flame and remove all possible
sources of ignition). The place of operations with nitric acid
should be provided with good grounding. Use explosion-
proof electrical equipment. Use recommended personal
protective equipment and observe instructions to prevent
inhalation, contact with skin and eyes (see section 6).
Avoid leak to the environment. Control the content of
nitric acid vapours in the air of working area. Nitric acid
vapours are heavier than air, so they can mass up
underneath.
When nitric acid is being diluted, add acid in water to avoid
splashing. Cisterns and barrels should be filled up to not
more than 90%. Bottles- to not more than 95%.
Storage The design of storage facilities and containers for nitric acid
should comply with the requirements of regulating
authorities. Storerooms should meet the requirements for
the fire safety of constructions and electrical facilities and
should be in conformity with valid regulations. The storage
facilities should be located downwind of prevailing wind
direction in relation to the major inhabited locality.
Store in hermetic sealed containers, excluding ignition and
contact with personnel in a cool (temperature of storage
shouldn’t exceed 40ºС), well-ventilated place with
effective exhaust, away from heat and any sources of
ignition. Prevent nitric acid from contact with direct
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 6 of 15
sunlight.
Don’t store together with combustible substances, alkalies,
reducing agents, organic substances.
Specific use(s) Not applicable.
Packaging materials Stainless steel is a recommended construction material of
containers for bulk storage and for pipelines. Glass is a
recommended construction material of large bottles, bottles
for storage of small amounts of nitric acid.
Materials to be avoided: corrosive to carbon steel,
aluminum and its alloys.
Note: see section 10 for stability and reactivity.
8 Exposure controls / Personal protection Exposure limit values EU OEL 2000/39/EC
STEL (EU): 2.6 mg/m3 = 1 ppm. (2006/15/ЕС)
ACGIH – American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists:
STEL (ACGIH): 4 mg/m3 = 10 ppm.
TWA (ACGIH): 5.2 mg/m3 = 2 ppm.
DN(M)ELs for workers
Exposure
pattern Route Descriptor DNEL /
DMEL (Corrected)
Dose
descriptor
Most
sensitive
endpoint
Justification
Acute -
systemic effects
Dermal The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects - dermal is specified in the field
'Discussion'
Acute -
systemic effects
Inhalation The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects - inhalation is specified in the field
'Discussion'
Acute - local
effects
Dermal The concentration limit for corrosivity
of nitric acid is specified in the field 'Discussion'
Acute - local
effects
Inhalation DNEL
(Derived No
Effect Level)
2.6
mg/m³
DNEL is based on the European Short
term exposure limit value for nitric acid
derived from human data on irritation . The justification for DNEL acute
exposure - local effects - inhalation is
specified in the field 'Discussion'
Long-term - systemic
effects
Dermal The justification for not deriving DNEL derivation long-term exposure -
systemic effects - dermal is specified in
the field 'Discussion'.
Long-term - systemic
effects
Inhalation The justification for no DNEL derivation for long-term exposure -
systemic effects - inhalation is specified
in the field 'Discussion'
Long-term - local effects
Dermal The concentration limit for corrosivity of nitric acid is specified in the field
'Discussion'
Long-term - local effects
Inhalation 1.3 mg/m³
DNEL not derived from experimental data based. The justification for DNEL
for long-term exposure - local effects -
inhalation is specified in the field 'Discussion'
DN(M)ELs for the general population
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 7 of 15
Exposure
pattern Route Descriptor DNEL /
DMEL (Corrected)
Dose
descriptor
Most
sensitive
endpoint
Justification
Acute -
systemic effects
Dermal The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects - dermal is specified in the field
'Discussion'
Acute -
systemic effects
Inhalation The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects - inhalation is specified in the field
'Discussion'
Acute -
systemic effects
Oral The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects - oral is specified in the field
'Discussion'
Acute - local
effects
Dermal The concentration limit for corrosivity
of nitric acid is specified in the field 'Discussion'
Acute - local
effects
Inhalation DNEL
(Derived No
Effect Level)
1.3
mg/m³
DNEL not derived from experimental
data. EU OEL value used instead with
an additional factor of 2 for general population. The justification for DNEL
acute exposure - local effects -
inhalation is specified in the field 'Discussion'.
Long-term -
systemic
effects
Dermal The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects
- dermal is specified in the field 'Discussion'.
Long-term -
systemic
effects
Inhalation The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects
- inhalation is specified in the field 'Discussion'.
Long-term -
systemic
effects
Oral The justification for not deriving a
DNEL acute exposure - systemic effects
- oral is specified in the field 'Discussion'.
Long-term -
local effects
Dermal The concentration limit for corrosivity
of nitric acid is specified in the field
'Discussion'
Long-term - local effects
Inhalation DNEL (Derived No
Effect Level)
0.65 mg/m³
DNEL not derived from experimental data. DNEL worker used with an
additional factor of 2 for general
population. The justification for DNEL long-term exposure - systemic effects -
inhalation is specified in the field 'Discussion'.
PNEC water:
PNEC Assessment factor Remarks/Justification
Qualitative approach pH approach Nitric acid is a strong acid (pK= -1.4), which dissociates in water into its respective
ions H+ and NO3-. The protons can affect the pH level of the water body thus entailing
toxic effects to aquatic organisms. The increasing nitrate concentration is judged to have a minor effect on aquatic organisms compared to the effect of pH because LC50
values for acute fish tests with nitric acid are 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower
compared to LC50 values for sodium or ammonium nitrate. Moreover, the EU limit value of 50 mg NO3-/L (0.8 mmol NO3-/L) for water corresponds to a low pH of 3.1
when all nitrate comes from nitric acid, which is below the pH at LC50 for fish. The
pH change due to anthropogenic nitric acid addition is influenced by the natural pH and buffer capacity of the receiving water, which both can vary significantly among
different aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, a generic pH threshold as derived from single–
species toxicity data in standard aquatic media is not relevant for all aquatic
ecosystems. Moreover, organisms are able to adapt to specific conditions, with pH
ranges of tolerance for the major taxonomic group (algae, crustaceans, fish) commonly
reported to vary between 6 and 9 (A comparable statement can be found in the NaOH
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 8 of 15
RAR (2007) as also based on pH approach). The proposed approach is confirmed by the available toxicity data. The available data for acute effects to fish, identify LC50
value at pH 3.5 (Ellgaard and Gilmore, 1984) and 4.0 (Swift and Morgan, 1983). An
assessment factor of 100 is deemed appropriate in order to take into account the pH effect of nitric acid emitted to the water compartment and the threshold value can be
therefore calculated to vary between pH 5.5 and pH 6. A pH value of 6 is selected as
the threshold value for the chemical safety assessment of nitric acid.
PNEC sediment:
PNEC Assessment
factor
Remarks/Justification
Qualitative approach Based on the available data it is not considered useful to derive a PNEC for nitric acid in
sediment because nitric acid is an acidic substance that dissociates in water into H+ and
NO3-. High water solubility indicates that nitric acid will be found predominantly in
aquatic environment and will not adsorb on particulate matter or surfaces. The equilibrium
partitioning approach cannot be successfully used to derive a threshold value for strong acids that affect organisms through their effect on pH because the fate and behaviour of the
protons (i.e. pH buffering capacity) is mainly controlled by precipitation and dissolution of
minerals.
PNEC soil:
PNEC Assessment factor Remarks/Justification
Qualitative approach
When spilled onto soil, nitric acid will infiltrate according to the soil viscosity. During
transport through the soil, nitric acid will dissolve some of the soil material, in particular,
carbonate based materials (OECD SIDS Nitric acid Assessment Report, 2008; HSDB, 1999). Leaching of acids from soil depends on the water amount present in the soil. The
nitrate released from nitric acid is taken up by plants or denitrified by microorganisms to
nitrogen or nitrous oxide.
PNEC sewage treatment plant:
Value Assessment
factor Remarks/Justification
Nitric acid hazard is mainly caused by the increase of H+ concentration (i.e. pH effect)
released during dissociation. Because STP conditions, such as pH, are regularly monitored
and adjusted, neither strong acid or strong basic effects can occur in STP and it is therefore not relevant to derive a PNEC STP for nitric acid.
PNEC oral:
PNEC Assessment factor Remarks/Justification
Nitric acid has no potential for bioaccumulation. Nitric acid is an inorganic compound,
miscible with water and highly soluble in water. Nitric acid dissociates in water into H+
and NO3-, therefore bioaccumulation of nitric acid itself is not relevant and does not
require further assessment. If released to air, nitric acid immediately reacts into nitrogen
oxides. When deposited to soil, nitric acid also dissociates into protons and nitrate ions. The excess protons can dissolve some soil materials as carbonate based materials and the
nitrate is partly taken up by plants.
Engineering measures
General and local ventilation as appropriate, providing nitric
acid vapours concentration below maximum allowable values,
effective exhaust, process automation, equipment sealing. Use
of explosion-proof electrical equipment.
Any room, where contact with eyes or skin may occur, should
be equipped with safety showers and eye-wash facilities.
Hygienic measures
Observe personal hygienic regulations. Do not eat, drink or
smoke during work! Wash hands before and after eating,
smoking and using toilet and when work is completed.
Personal protection Personal protection equipment for protection of respiratory
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 9 of 15
Respiratory system
Skin and body
Hands
Eyes
organs, eyes, hands and skin corresponding with the performed
labour.
Apply the corresponding breathing apparatus in cases, when the
exposure limits exceed or may exceed the recommended
exposure limits, such as filter-equipped masks E (EN 14387)
and B, self-contained breathing apparatus.
Use chemical protective suit (EN 14605) and boots.
Chemical protective gloves, corresponding to EN 374, should be
worn all the time when work with nitric acid is performed.
for example > 8 h. (breakthrough time) butyl rubber, PVC,
PTFE fluoroelastomer
Use safety goggles, such as EN 166 or full-face mask EN 402
Environmental exposure
controls
Proceed in accordance with valid air and water legislative
regulations
9 Physical and chemical properties Appearance Liquid, colourless or yellow.
Odour Pungent, choking.
pH < 1,0
Boiling point or range 107ºС (for 30% acid)
114ºС (for 56% acid),
120ºС (for 58% acid).
Melting point or range -36 oC (for 30% acid)
-19ºС (for 56% acid),
-20ºС (for 58% acid).
Flash point Since Nitric acid is an inorganic substance, the flash point needs
not to be determined.
Flammability Non flammable. Causes self-ignition of combustible substances
in contact with them.
Explosive properties Non explosive. Nitric acid does not contain any chemical groups
indicating explosive properties and is therefore not considered
explosive.
Auto-ignition temperature Inorganic oxides in which the inorganic element is in its highest
possible oxidation state are incapable of further reaction with
oxygen and can thus be designated as non-flammable. The
oxidation state of nitrogen in Nitric acid is in its highest possible
state (5+) and thus Nitric acid can be considered as non-
flammable and will not be sensitive to self-ignition.
Oxidising properties Nitric acid – strong oxidizer.
Density 1,18 kg/m3 (for 30% acid) at 20 oC
SAFETY DATA
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Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 10 of 15
1350 kg/m3
(for 56% acid) at 20ºС.
1355 kg/m3
(for 58% acid) at 20ºС.
Vapour pressure at 20°C 6100 Pa (for 99,5 % acid)
93,3 Pa (for 58% acid)
Partition coefficient (n-
octanol/water)
Since Nitric acid is an inorganic substance, the partition
coefficient needs not to be determined.
Viscosity No data.
Granulometry
Nitric acid has a liquid form, the particle size distribution needs
not to be determined
Water solubility Based on the high water solubility it can safely be concluded
that the water solubility of Nitric acid is >0.5 kg/L (miscible) at
a temperature of 20 deg C.
Surface tension Nitric acid is considered not to contain any chemical groups
indicating surface active properties.
Stability in organic
solvents and identity of
relevant degradation
products
Since Nitric acid is an inorganic substance, the stability in
organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
needs not to be determined.
10 Stability and reactivity
Stability Thermally stable under normal storage conditions (see section
7). In case of incorrect use: fire hazard. Reactive material.
Conditions to avoid Direct heating, high temperature, to prevent release of nitric
acid and vapours and container destroy.
Reaction with most metals lead to release of hydrogen.
Exothermic reaction with water.
Materials to avoid Combustible materials, organic substances, reducers, alkalies,
metal powders, hydrogen sulphide, alcohols, chlorates and
carbides, carbon steel, monel, copper, some other metals and
alloys, flammable liquids, chromic acid. May undergo a strong
reaction with reducers, strong bases, organic materials, chlorides
and finely-divided metals. Substance is corrosive to cement.
Hazardous decomposition
products
Under heating, nitric acid and vapours NOx may release.
See information about actions in case of fire in section 5.
In case of fire: see section 5.
11 Toxicological information
Toxicokinetics, metabolism
and distribution
Absorption factors of 100% are proposed for oral, inhalation
and dermal absorption. For route-to-route extrapolation starting
from oral data, an absorption factor of 50% is proposed as a
worst-case assumption. Nitrate can be reduced to nitrite by both
enteric bacteria and mammalian nitrate reductase activity. Nitric
acid is not considered to have bioaccumulative potential as
nitrate is highly soluble in water and rapidly excreted via the
urine.
Acute effects Nitric acid causes serious skin burns and eye damage. No
relevant study available but test is not required due to the well
known corrosive properties of nitric acid.
SAFETY DATA
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Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
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High concentration can lead to methemoglobinemia, cyanosis,
hypopiesia, coma and death.
Possible development of asymptomatic delayed pulmonary
edema.
Skin: burn of yellow or brown colour. Repeated or prolonged
exposure causes development of ulceration.
Eyes: burn, cornea damage may lead to irreversible effects-
blindness
Inhalation: vapours of nitric acid cause irritation if respiratory
tract mucous membranes (nose, throat, lungs), that can turn into
cough, bronchial edema and pulmonary edema. Pulmonary
edema may be delayed and asymptomatic and lead to death.
Repeated or long inhalation of nitric acid vapours leads to
alterations of lungs function and destroy of teeth.
Ingestion: if even a small amount of nitric acid gets into
stomach, this leads to burns of throat, damage of
gastrointestinal tract, bursting of guts, possible death.
Acute toxicity.
Ingredient name Test Species Route Result
Nitric acid
70.76 %
LC50 rat inhalation 2500 ppm (6250 mg/m³)/1-h
LD50 - oral No data
LD50 - dermal No data
Sensitisation Skin sensitisation is not assessed as nitric acid is classified for
skin corrosion.
Chronic toxicity Repeated dose toxicity: No reliable data available.
Nitric acid has been identified as corrosive, which could lead to
possible future systemic effects. However no evidence of this
was identified in the repeated dose studies.
Carcinogenicity Two unreliable studies were identified for nitric acid
carcinogenicity. These studies were of limited value for
addressing the carcinogenic potential of the test substance due
to the short duration of exposure and the inadequate reporting of
the study design and results.
Nitric acid is not classified as carcinogenic by IARC
(International Agency for Research on Cancer).
Mutagenicity From the results obtained on nitric acid, sodium and potassium
nitrates and due to their structural similarities with nitric acid, it
is possible to conclude that nitric acid is not expected to cause
genetic toxicity.
Reproductive toxicity There is no evidence, that nitric acid presents danger for
development of toxicity.
NOAEL (oral): 1500 mg/kg bw/day.
12 Ecological information Ecotoxicity Nitrogen is an important nutrient in ecosystems: it is essential
for microorganisms, plants and animals.
Nitric acid almost completely (93% at 0,1 M) ionizes into the
SAFETY DATA
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Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
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nitrate ion NO3- and the hydronium H3O+ under environmental
conditions. Once released in the environment, it may be
deposited in water, soil and vegetation.
When spilled onto soil, nitric acid will infiltrate according to the
soil viscosity. During transport through the soil, nitric acid will
dissolve some of the soil material, in particular, carbonate based
materials. The nitrate released from nitric acid is taken up by
plants or denitrified by microorganisms to nitrogen or nitrous
oxide.
Because of the quick dissolution nitric acid undergoes once in
contact with water, when nitric acid is applied as fertilizer, very
low pH values can be attained. The acidity will then gradually
diffuse into the soil surrounding the band.
In a view of acidity, (рН –factor), nitric acid may be harmful to
water bodies
Nitric acid exposed to air will result in nitrogen oxides release
(mainly NO2 and NO).
Avoid entry into sewage collector or water supply sources.
Acute ecotoxicity:
Ingredient name Test Species Period Result
Nitric acid Median lethal pH Aquatic invertebrates (Ceriodaphnia dubia) 48h 4.4-4.7
Median lethal pH Fish (Lepomis macrochirus) 96h 3-3.5
Median lethal pH Fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 96h ca. 3.7
Long-term toxicity:
Fish.
Nitric acid will dissociate in the environment into its ions: H+
ions and nitrate ions. The H+ ions will cause a pH decrease, but
in the aquatic environment the net pH decrease will be limited
due to buffering. At environmental pH level (i.e. pH 6-9) ,
exposure to nitric acid comes down to exposure to nitrate ions.
Therefore, for long-term toxicity assessment, can be used the
data, obtained from sodium nitrate study, which also dissociates
in the environment into its ions. The three-months study on
juveniles and larvae of the marine clownfish showed a NOEC of
97.8 mg NaNO3/L (or 71.3 mg nitrate/L).
Aquatic invertebrates.
The study showed that nitric acid concentrations causing a pH
outside the pH range of 6-9 can cause adverse effects to
reproduction of daphnids.
Mobility Easily soluble in water. For data on physical state, solubility and
vapour pressure see section 9.
Persistence end
degradability
Not applicable to inorganic substance.
Ingredient name Aquatic half-life Photolysis Biodegradability
Nitric acid - No data available. Not applicable for inorganic substance.
Bioaccumulative potential Bioaccumulation is not relevant for such highly soluble and
dissociating substances.
Results of PBT assessment Not applicable. Inorganic substance- nitric acid is not identified
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 13 of 15
as PBT or vPvB substance.
13 Disposal considerations
Methods of disposal Cautiously neutralize using lime or carbonates.
Waste must be disposed in accordance with national and local
waste regulations. Do not dispose waste together with usual
garbage or through sewage systems.
Waste regulation:
European Union- Directive 2006/12/ЕC from 05 April 2006 on
waste, Directive 91/689/EEC on waste.
Package waste disposal Transport package is intended for multiple use. Containers, that
are unsuitable for use, must be disposed in accordance with
national and local legal regulations.
Note: see section 7 tor safe handing and storage.
14 Transport information General Hazardous cargo during transportation, class 8 –
corrosive and (or) caustic substances
UN
Numb
er
Proper
shipping
name
Class Packing
group
Label Other applicable
information
ADR/RID 2031 Nitric
acid
8 II 8
Hazard Code: 80
Classification code: C1
Special transport
provisions: PP81, B15
Limited quantity: LQ22
AND/ADNR 2031 Nitric
acid
8 II 8
Classification code: C1
Limited quantity: LQ22
IMDG 2031 Nitric
acid
8 II 8
Marine pollutant (MP):
No
Emergency schedules:
F-A, S-B
IСАО/IАТА 2031 Nitric
acid
8 II Corrosive
substance
Package instruction for
cargo ship: 318
Transportation by
passenger ship is
forbidden.
15 Regulatory Information
Authorisations:
Restrictions on use:
Not required
To be completed if relevant
Nitric acid is not a SEVESO substance, not an ozone depleting
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 14 of 15
National regulations:
substance and not a persistent organic pollutant
Water hazard class 1 (Germany)
Other regulations On waste: Directive 2006/12/ЕC and Directive 91/689/EEC.
16 Other information The information refers to sections 2 and 3.
Hazard statement Code(s) H272 May intensify fire; oxidiser.
H290 May be corrosive to metals.
Н314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
Precautionary Statement P234 Keep only in original container.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P264 Wash hands, face, open body areas thoroughly after
handling.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye
protection/face protection.
P301 + P330 + P331 IF SWALLOWED: rinse mouth. Do NOT
induce vomiting.
P303 + P361 + P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off
immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with
water/shower.
P304 + P340 IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and
keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water
for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy
to do. Continue rinsing.
P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or
doctor/physician.
P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label).
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P390 Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P405 Store locked up
P406 Store in corrosive resistant/… container with a resistant
inner liner.
P501 Dispose of contents/container according to national and
regional legal regulations.
Risk phrases
R8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R35 Causes severe burns.
Safety phrases
S1/2. Keep locked up and out of reach of children
S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray
S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty
of water and seek medical advice
S36 Wear suitable protective clothing
S45 In case of accident, or if you feel unwell, seek medical
advice immediately (show the label where possible).
Symbols C Corrosive
О Oxidizer
Training advice Personnel handling nitric acid must be instructed on its
SAFETY DATA
SHEET
Nitric acid
Creation Date: 17.05.2006
Revision date: 09.03.2011
According to 1907/2006/EC
SDS: Nitric acid 30% - 60%
Page 15 of 15
hazardous properties, health and environment protection
principles, and first aid measures. Date of the previous SDS May 2010 References Record of the classification of hazardous properties of the
product and labeling according to Directive 67/548/EEC and
Regulation (ЕС) 1272/2008 (CLP).
Data of exposure limit values: ЕU–Directive 2006/15/EC;
ACGIH – American conference of governmental industrial
hygienists.
Modifications in this
version
Registration number and date of registration are indicated,
labeling elements, exposure scenarios, Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8,
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16 are modified/updated.
Acronyms DNEL – Derived No- Effect Level
DMEL - Derived Minimal Effect Level
PNEC - Predicted No Effect Concentration
STEL – short term exposure limit. Limit value, which should
not be exceeded for exposure, matches with period 15 minutes.
TWA – time-weighted average. Measured or calculated
according to record period 8 hours as time-weighted average.
LC50 – average (median)lethal concentration which causes the
death of 50% (one half) of a group of test animals over a set
period of time.
LD50 – average (lethal) dose causing death of 50 % of
experimental animals at putting of pesticide in the stomach or
bringing onto the skin.
EC50 –concentration of substance in aquatic environment, which
causes loss of functionality of 50% of test animals over a set
period of time
NOEC – no observed effect concentration.
Disclaimer
This information is based on our present state of knowledge. It shall describe our products
regarding safety requirements and shall not be construed as a guarantee or statement of condition
and /or quality.
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