sap – a erp package. 2 about sap systems applications products in data processing founded in...

SAP – A ERP Package

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About SAP

SystemsApplicationsProducts

in Data Processing

Founded in Waldorf,Germany in 1972.

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SAP R/3SAP R/3

R/3Client / Server

ABAP/4

FI

Financial

AccountingCO

ControllingAM

Fixed Assets

Mgmt.

PS

Project

SystemWF

WorkflowIS

Industry

Solutions

MM

Materials

Mgmt.

HR

Human

Resources

SD

Sales &

Distribution

PP

Production

Planning

QM

Quality

Mgmt.

PM

Plant

Maintenance

Integrated solutions

Open systems

Client / server architecture

Enterprise data model

Designed for all types of business

Multinational

Comprehensive functionality

India Version

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Basis is the FoundationBasis is the Foundation

R/3R/3Client/ServerClient/Server

SAP KernelSAP Kernel

Data RepositoryData Repository

CommunicationCommunicationss

ProcessingProcessing

ABAP/4ABAP/4

Client/serverClient/server

architecturearchitecture

OperatingOperating

SystemSystem

AdministrationAdministration

ApplicationApplication

DevelopmentDevelopment

EnterpriseEnterprise

NetworkNetwork

RelationalRelational

DatabaseDatabase

ManagementManagement

Release & ChangeRelease & Change

ManagementManagement

PerformancePerformance

and Tuningand Tuning

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SAP ICON

SAP Logon Icon on your Desktop

On Clicking the SAPLogon Icon, the SAP Logon Pad will

PopUp on your desktop.

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SAP Login Screen

Enter Client Number

User Name

Password

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The Login Screen

Since the User ID’s are common, this information is prompted. Always Use the highlighted option to continue

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SAP MAIN SCREEN

Tool Bar

Status Bar

Button Bar

Tool Bar

Menu Bar

Message Bar SAP System ID

Server

Insert/Overtype Indicator

Navigation Area

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The Menu Bar appears at the top of every SAP screen. Just as with any Windows program, the Menu Bar provides access to a variety of functions within the program. These functions vary depending on the current screen.

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The Title Bar shows the name of the current screen.Click Next to continue.

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The Standard Toolbar contains standard buttons that enable you to navigate through each transaction. The same buttons are present on every screen. However, not all buttons work on all screens. Active buttons are highlighted. Inactive buttons are grayed out. The Standard Toolbar also contains the SAP Command Field.

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The Command Field enables you to enter special codes to quickly perform certain functions within SAP. You will learn about how to use the Command Field in a later lesson.

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The Application Toolbar is located just below the Standard Toolbar. It contains buttons related to the specific screen and transaction with which you are working. These buttons vary depending on the current screen.

Some buttons have text labels, and others are identified with icons only. If you are not sure what a particular button does, you can point the mouse at it without clicking, and a button label will appear.

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The screen body is where SAP gives transaction information

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A system field is a field the system uses to display information. You cannot change the contents of a system field.

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An Edit Field is a field in which you can enter or modify data.

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The Status Bar, located at the bottom of the SAP window, displays system messages and other session information.Messages appear here. The status bar will flash and an icon will appear in front of the message to call your attention to it.

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The session status display is located on the right side of the status bar. The status display can be hidden or displayed by clicking the triangle to its left.

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ESU/CHD/BLR/07

Entry Fields Mandatory Field

Radio Buttons Choice of one option

Check Boxes Choice of a number of

options

Buttons Directly triggers a function

No

Work Area

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ICONS

The Enter button (check) signals SAP that you have finished entering information on a screen. Note that pressing the Enter key on the keyboard has the same effect.

The Save button (floppy disk) saves the document you are working with, along with any changes you have made.

The Back button (left arrow) takes you to the previous screen.

The Exit button (up arrow) exits the current menu or transaction without saving data

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ICONS

The Cancel button (letter X) cancels the transaction in which you are working. If you have entered information, the system will ask you to confirm that you want to cancel, so that you do not accidentally lose data

The Print button (printer) prints the current document, screen, or report, depending on the transaction in which you are working.

The Find button (binoculars) is used to search for text in the current document, report, or list.

The Find Again button (binoculars with a +) looks for the next occurrence of text in the current document, report, or list.

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ICONS

The First Page button takes you to the first screen in a display list or report.

The Page Up button takes you to the screen before the one that you are viewing in a display list or report.

The Page Down button takes you to the screen after the one that you are viewing in a display list or report.

The Last Page button takes you to the last screen in a display list or report.

The New Session button (window with a *) creates a new SAP window, so that you can work on more than one task at a time.

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ICONS

The Create Shortcut button (window with an arrow) creates a shortcut icon to the current transaction on your Windows desktop.

The Help button (question mark) displays descriptive information about the field in which your cursor is located.

The Options button controls settings for SAP, including the appearance and behavior of error messages and the cursor.

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MESSAGE ICONS

Fatal error (program terminates)

Error message

Warning message

Information message

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SAP TERMINOLOGY

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TRANSACTIONTRANSACTION

A transaction is a task that you perform in SAP.

Any time you view a report, or create or display a document,

you are running a transaction.

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TRANSACTION CODETRANSACTION CODE

Most transactions within SAP are associated with a four-character code called a transaction code. This transaction code can be used in the command field to jump directly to a transaction without having to follow the navigation path. You will learn how to do this in a later lesson.

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MASTER DATAMASTER DATA

Master data is important, long-term data stored within the SAP system.

Vendors, customers, plant IDs, the chart of accounts, and product numbers are all examples of information that is stored as master data records

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DOCUMENTDOCUMENT

A document is data created in association with a particular business event or transaction.

Sales orders, purchase orders, material requisitions, and general ledger postings are all examples of documents stored within SAP.

Every document created in SAP is assigned a document number that uniquely identifies it.

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CREATE TRANSACTIONCREATE TRANSACTION

A create transaction is one that creates a document or master data record from scratch. Most create transactions have transaction codes ending in "1". For example, the transaction code for "Create A Requisition" is ME51

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CHANGE TRANSACTIONCHANGE TRANSACTION

A change transaction is one that allows you to modify an existing document or master data record. Most change transactions have transaction codes ending in "2". For example, the transaction code for "Change A Requisition" is ME52.

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DISPLAY TRANSACTIONDISPLAY TRANSACTION

A display transaction is one that allows you to view an existing document or master data record without making changes. Most display transactions have transaction codes ending in "3". For example, the transaction code for "Display A Requisition" is ME53.

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POSTPOST

The act of saving a document in SAP is also called posting the document.

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REQUIRED FIELDSREQUIRED FIELDS

Some screens have edit fields for which SAP needs entries to properly process the transaction. These fields are called required fields. You cannot complete the screen or transaction until you have entered a valid value in each required field.

SAP marks required fields with a checked box, as shown.

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SESSIONSESSION

A session is an instance of the SAP window. Multiple sessions can be opened to allow use of more than one transaction at a time.

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LOGGING ON & OFFLOGGING ON & OFF

Identifying yourself, and confirming your identify to SAP so you can begin working, is called logging on. Shutting SAP down when you are finished working is logging off.

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USER IDUSER ID

Your User ID is the name you use to identify yourself to SAP when you log on.

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CLIENTCLIENT

A client is a self-contained unit within the R/3 System, containing separate master data and its own set of tables. The client is selected on the initial log on screen.

Typically a single client is used for day-to-day business use. Most SAP customers set up additional clients for development or training purposes.

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USER ROLEUSER ROLE

A user role is a collection of transactions that together are assigned to a user so that they can perform a certain job function within SAP. Several job roles together might be required to complete a job function

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ABAPABAP

The programming language of SAP is called ABAP, short for Advanced Business Application Programming. All R/3 applications are written in ABAP.

Many SAP clients develop custom transactions and reports using ABAP. It is an accepted standard that custom transactions are assigned a transaction code that begins with a Z(For TIL)

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Business Process Integration

“The Stool”

Components

– Organizational Data

– Master Data

– Rules

– Transactions

SAP Enterprise System

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Business Process Integration

FI

MM

SD

Org

Dat

a

Rules

FI

MM

SD

Master D

ata

FI

MM

SD

FI SDMM

SAP Enterprise System

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Organizational Data

A hierarchy in which the organizational units in an enterprise are arranged according to tasks and functions

Are static data and are rarely changed

The definition of organization units is a fundamental step, it is a critical factor in how the company will be structured

SAP Enterprise System

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Master Data

Master data is relatively fixed

Material master data

Vendor master data

Purchasing information record

General Ledger master data

Before making the master data configurations, you must have completely defined the organizational structures

SAP Enterprise System

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Rules

Defines the parameters for Master Data and Transactions

Determines functionality for Master Data and Transactions

Relatively fixed

Changes as policy changes

SAP Enterprise System

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SAP Enterprise SystemTransaction Data

Includes internal and external exchanges that describe business activities

Unlike master data, aggregate transactional data is dynamic – each transaction is unique

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Organizational Data

Financial Accounting

Client

Company (Optional)

Company Code

Chart of Accounts

Credit Control Area

Fiscal Year Variant

Material Management

Plant

Storage Location

Purchasing Organization

Purchasing Group

Buyer

Sales & Distribution

Sales Organization

Distribution Channel

Division

Sales Area

Shipping Point

Loading Group

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Master Data

Financial Accounting

General Ledger Accounts

Material Master

Vendor Master

Customer Master

Material Management

Vendor Master

Material Master

Customer / Purchasing Info Records

Sales & Distribution

Customer Master

Material Master

Pricing

Credit Limits

Customer Material Info Records

Item Proposal

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Rules

Financial Accounting

Account Groups

Field Status Variant

Fiscal / Posting Periods

Tolerance Groups

Document Types

Number Ranges

Automatic Account Assignment

Valuation Area Grouping

Parameter IDs

Material Management

Fiscal Periods

Account Groups

Material Types

Plant Parameters

Purc./Rec./Inv. Tolerances

Automatic Account Assignment

Reservations

Material Group

Loading Group

Sales & Distribution

Account Groups

Pricing Procedure Determination

Shipping Point Determination

Revenue Account Determination

Define Availability Check

Define Credit Check

Document Types

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Transactions

Financial Accounting

G/L Entry

Post Incoming Invoice

Post Outgoing Payment

Post Incoming Payment

Display Balances

Material Management

Purchase Requisition

Purchase Order

Good Receipt

Invoice Receipt

Material Requirements Planning

Good Transfer

Stock Overview

Sales & Distribution

Sales Quotation

Sales Order

Delivery Note

- Pick

- Pack

- Post Goods Issue

Billing

Return Order

Issue Credit

SAP – Business Side

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Enterprise Structure (Global Bike Inc.)

Plant

Client

Chart of

Accounts

Company

Code

Fiscal Year

Variant

Credit Control

Area

Purchasing

Organization

Purchasing

Group

Shipping

Point

Sales

Organization

Distribution

ChannelDivision

Sales Area

Controlling Area

SL10 SL20

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Organizational Relationships

Plant/Storage Location

Materials Management (MM)

Storage Location

20 - Quality

Storage Location

10 - Inventory

Plant P001

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Purchasing Organization

Organizational unit responsible for the procurement of materials and services.

SAP requires that purchasing organizations be assigned at the plant level

A purchasing organization can be assigned to more than one plant

A purchasing organization can be assigned to a company code

Responsible for Procurement for One or More Plants

Responsible for Negotiating Pricing and Delivery Terms with Vendors

Purchasing Organization is Assigned to A Company where Inventory is Legally Tracked or Costs are Legally Incurred

Materials Management (MM) Integration

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Organizational Relationships Plant/Purchasing Organization (1)

One plant – multiple purchasing organizations

Materials Management (MM)

Purchasing

Organization – P002

Purchasing

Organization – P001

Plant P001

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Organizational Relationships(continued) Plant/Purchasing Organization (2)

Each plant has its own purchasing organization

Materials Management (MM)

Purchasing

Organization – P002

Plant P002

Purchasing

Organization – P001

Plant P001

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Organizational Relationships(continued)

Plant/Purchasing Organization (4)

One purchasing organization for multiple company codes

Materials Management (MM)

Company Code

C002

Company Code

C001

Purchasing

Organization – P001

Plant – P002Plant – P001

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Purchasing Group

Responsible for specified purchasing activities

Often used to identify individual buyers

Used for reporting

Materials Management (MM)

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Materials Management (MM)

Purchasing

Organization – P001

Company Code

C001

Storage Location

20 - Quality

Storage Location

10 - Inventory

Plant P001

Purchasing

Group

001

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Different Modules in SAP

Financial accounting

Controlling/Management accounting

Materials Management (Procurement)

FI

MM

CO

SD Sales and Distributions

PP Production Planning

QM Quality Management

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QUESTIONS -?