sap’s data dictionary

SAP’s Data DictionarySAP’s Data Dictionary

Learning to use it effectively

FSS Technical Peer Group Meeting

Wednesday November 13, 2002

Carolyn Fuller

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Introduction Introduction

To know an application is to know its dataData dictionary holds key to performanceData dictionary tools reduce custom

programming

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AgendaAgenda

The SAP Data ModelData FiltrationSAP IndexesBuilding Custom Tables/Simple Apps

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VocabularyVocabulary Relational Database Indexes Unique Index Primary Key Foreign Key (Check Table) One-to-Many Relationship Recursive Relationship Client Dependent View Cluster

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The Data Model The Data Model

ZSDBHEAD

PRIME_CONTRACT

ZSDBLINEPRIME_CONTRACTMATERIAL

PRPSPSPNR

STUFEFAKKZ

BKPFBUKRSBELNRGJAHR

BSEG BUKRSBELNRGJAHRBUZEI

KNA1KUNNR

KNB1BUKRSKUNNR

BSID BSADBUKRSKUNNR..

BUKRSKUNNR..

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The SAP Data ModelThe SAP Data Model

Transactional Data One-to-Many– One header row to many line items

Master Data One-to-Many– One master to many company code masters– One master to many transaction line items

Recursive data– One parent to many children & grandchildren

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Line Items

Report ExampleReport Example

Headers

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““One” Should be DriverOne” Should be DriverAll the WBS(billable and non-billable)

Each WBSlooks up its parent

Billable WBS

Billable WBS findschildren,

grandchildren

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Recursive RelationshipRecursive RelationshipBilling Element

Billing Element

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PRHI - WBS EdgesPRHI - WBS Edges

WBS Project UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT

6900000 6900000 6900054

6900027 6900000 6900000 6900028 6900037 xxxxxxx

6900028 6900000 6900027 6900040

6900029 6900000 6900028 6900030

6900030 6900000 6900028 6900040 6900029

6900037 6900000 6900000 6900038 6900054 6900027

6900038 6900000 6900037 6900039

6900039 6900000 6900038

6900040 6900000 6900028 6900030

6900054 6900000 6900000 6900055 6900037

6900055 6900000 6900054

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Filtering Data Billing ExampleFiltering Data Billing Example

Move filter tobeginning of

program

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Filtering Data MM ExampleFiltering Data MM ExampleUnfiltered

Filtered

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SAP IndexesSAP Indexes

Primary Key Secondary IndexesSecondary Index TablesForeign Key

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Secondary Index TableSecondary Index Table Secondary Indexes

Foreign Key’sCheck Table

Foreign Key

Primary Key &Unique Index

Client

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BSID’s Secondary IndexesBSID’s Secondary IndexesUnique flag

BSID-1Index for logical

database

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Recursive Resolution TableRecursive Resolution Table

Check Tables

Foreign Keys

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BKPF Primary & Foreign KeysBKPF Primary & Foreign KeysPrimary Key

Primary Key withForeign Key

Foreign Key

Table Fields

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COVP Useful Secondary IndexCOVP Useful Secondary Index

WBS 4579002

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COVP Primary & Foreign KeysCOVP Primary & Foreign Keys

Primary Key

Primary Key withForeign Key Foreign Keys

Table Fields

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Additional Useful IndexesAdditional Useful Indexes

http://fuller.mit.edu/SAPDocs/indexes.htm

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Building Custom TablesBuilding Custom Tables Create Header Table Create Line Item Table Create Maintainable Views for Header & Items SE54 - Extended Table Maintenance for Views Program & Activate Event User Exits

– Data validations SE54 - Create View Cluster SM34 - Maintain View Cluster

– SF8 View Cluster name is ZSDBLINE_VC

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Create Header TableCreate Header TableClient

Search help can beattached to Field or

Field type

Custom field typeallows customdocumentation

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Custom Search HelpCustom Search HelpDefined in Data type

Function Module Will display contract # andcustomer PO

Defined in Search help

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Custom Field DocumentationCustom Field DocumentationDefined in Data type

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Create Line Item TableCreate Line Item Table

Foreign Key’sCheck Table

Foreign Key

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Create Maintainable ViewCreate Maintainable ViewNot the default!

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View FieldsView FieldsMaintenance

Attribute (MF)

Header fields - S will be read only on

line items

Extended Table MaintenanceExtended Table MaintenanceSE54 - Generated Objects

Maintainable View

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Create an Include via SE38Create an Include via SE38

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Modify Function PoolModify Function Pool

SAPLfunction_group

Uncomment

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Modify Lfunction_groupFXXModify Lfunction_groupFXXSE80 - Function group

EventsEventsSE54 -> Environment -> Events

Create View ClusterCreate View ClusterSE54 -> Edit viewcluster

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Object structureObject structure

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Generated Field DependencesGenerated Field Dependences

Header - ZSDBHEAD_V

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Generated Field DependencesGenerated Field Dependences

Header - ZSDBLINE_V

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View Cluster - Line Items SM34View Cluster - Line Items SM34

Header

Line Items

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SummarySummary

Know your program “driver”– Find the “One” in the application data model

Filter the data early in the programKnow the indexes available in an area

– If you can’t use the primary index there are usually other indexes

Use the SAP supplied tools when possible

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Where to Get More InformationWhere to Get More Information

BC430 ABAP Dictionary– Tomorrow in Waltham (11/14 - 11/15)– January 9 - 10, 2003 Waltham

My personal favorite, the book– Object-Oriented Systems Analysis - Modeling

the World of Data by Sally Shlaer & Stephen Mello

Available, used on www.amazon.com