saving our schools: the rise, decline, and resurrection of american education in schools and...
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Saving Our Schools: The Rise, Decline, and Resurrection of
American Education in Schools and Learning Centers
Paul E. PetersonHenry Lee Shattuck Professor of Government
Director, Program on Education Policy and GovernanceHARVARD UNIVERSITY
EDVentures ConferenceJuly 15, 2011
Two Main Points
1. Bad News: Our Schools have become Stagnant
2. Good News: Technology provides a chance to transform the way students learn
Howard Gardner
“So long as we insist on teaching all students the same subjects in the same way, progress will be incremental. But now for the first time it is possible to individualize education—to teach each person what he or she needs and wants to know in ways that are most comfortable and efficient.”
Capital, Spanish style
Capital, Gilded Age
Coolidge Capital
Grandma’s Capital
National Assessment of Educational Progress, 1978-2008Age 9, Math
National Assessment of Educational Progress, 1971-2008Age 9, Reading
National Assessment of Educational Progress, 1978-2008Age 17, Math
1978
1982
1986
1990
1992
1994
1996
1999
2004
2008
255
265
275
285
295
305
315
325
White African-American Hispanic
Scale
score
National Assessment of Educational Progress, 1971-2008Age 17, Reading
1971
1975
1980
1984
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1999
2004
2008
225
235
245
255
265
275
285
295
305
315
325
White African-American Hispanic
Scale
score
Trends in high school and college participation
and completion, 1940-2008
1940
1944
1948
1952
1956
1960
1964
1968
1972
1976
1980
1984
1988
1992
1996
2000
2004
2008
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
H.S. En-rollment
H.S. Gradu-ation Rate
College Enrollment
Bachelors Degree
A lot of U. S. Athletes Stood Here
Number of Medals Won2010 Winter Olympics
Percentage of students at or above the Advanced Level - Science
Percentage of students at or above the Advanced Level - Math
International Secondary-School Completion Rates
Remarks of President Barack ObamaWeekly AddressMarch 13, 2010
Remarks of President Barack ObamaWeekly AddressMarch 13, 2010
Co-production
Number of professionalsper 100 students
1960 1970 1980 20050
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Number of staff per 100 students
1960 1970 1980 20060
1
2
3
4
Expenditures per pupil and class size
1920
1936
1944
1952
1958
1965
1971
1975
1979
1983
1987
1991
1995
1999
2003
2007
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
$14,000
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Total Per-Pupil Expenditures Pupil-Teacher Ratio
Cons
tnt 2
006-
07 D
olla
rsP
up
ils p
er T
each
er
The Magic Kingdom
Julie Young, CEO Florida Virtual School
Teaching P. E. Virtually
Wellville
Curriculum will be:
A. At the price-point (adaptive)B. Game based (partially)C. 3-dimensionalD. Open source
“Working on problems that are of the right level of difficulty is rewarding, but working on problems that are too easy or too difficult is unpleasant.” University of Virginia cognitive scientist
For Virtual Learning to Succeed, Four Basic
Rules:
1. Transparency2. Accountability3. Flexibility4. Competition
Curriculum of the Future
• At the Price Point• Game-based (partially• 3-dimensional• Interactive and adaptive• Open source
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