school meals what do parents think? · national guidelines for school meals in elementary schools...
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School meals – What do parents think?
Dr.sc. Nina Petričević, dr.med.
Nastavni zavod za javno zdravstvo dr. Andrija Štampar
Zagreb
• 70% - children participating in school meals
• 20% - children have three meals in school
• The new meal standards – by Ministry of health in 2013
National Guidelines for School Meals in Elementary Schools/ Nacionalne smjernice za prehranu učenika u osnovnim školama
• Long process ➢2008. New nutrition standards for schools in Zagreb
➢2010. Action plan for prevention and treatment of obesity
➢2013. National guidelines for school meals in elementary schools by Ministry of health
• To promote healthy eating habits in children
• Prevention of overweight
Obesity in children
• Global problem
• Croatia: 1 in 3 kids are overweight
• One of the most important health problems in 21st century
• In the past 20 years: children are heavier (5 - 9kg)
• Obesity and poor nutrition big threat to physical and mental health of the kids
• Obese kids – obese adults
New nutrition standards
• Analysis of old school menus • Insufficient proportion of protein• Too much fat and carbohydrate • Insufficient intake of vitamin A, vitamin C, iron and calcium
• Raise nutritious quality of meals by new standards• Limit servings of packaged food, deserts and meat products • Increase fruit and vegetables • Increase whole grains• Decrease processed food, fast food, • Increase milk as a beverage, no sweetened beverages
Recommendations
• For calorie intake
Age Daily calorie intake (kcal)/day
male female
7- 10 1600 - 1800 1600 - 1800
11 - 13 2000 - 2200 1800 - 2000
14 - 15 2400 - 2600 2000 – 2200
16- 18 2600 - 2800 2000 - 2200
OBROKUDIO DNEVNIH
POTREBA (%)
PREPORUČENE VRSTE
NAMIRNICA ZA POJEDINE
OBROKE
Doručak/mliječni
obrok
20-35%
Mlijeko ili mliječni proizvodi, žitne pahuljice ili
kruh od cjelovitog zrna, orašasti plodovi i
sjemenke, sir, maslac, marmelada, med, mliječni
namazi, svježe pripremljeni namazi od ribe ili
povrća, mesne prerađevine (naresci), jaja,
sezonsko voće i povrće.
Ručak 30-35%
Juhe, kuhano povrće ili miješana variva od
povrća, krumpira, mahunarki i žitarica, složena
jela od mesa s povrćem, krumpirom i
proizvodima od žitarica, meso, perad, riba, jaja,
salate od svježeg povrća i voće.
Užina 10-15%
Mliječni napitci (jogurt i drugi fermentirani
mliječni proizvodi), mlijeko sa žitnim pahuljicama,
kruh od cjelovitog zrna, namaz, okruglice,
štrukle, pite, voće, prirodni voćni sok, slastice.
Školski jelovnik kcal
Doručak-
Mliječni obrok
Kukuruzne pahuljice
s mlijekom i medom,
grožđicama i
bademima
Voće/jabuka
411,1
60,0
471,1
Ručak Varivo od poriluka
Kosani odrezak
Kruh kukuruzni 2 šnite
157,2
323,0
176,0
656,2
Užina Štrukli sa sirom kuhani ili
zapečeni
376,2
Ukupno 1503,5
PREPORUKE
Četvrtak g kcal kJ Bj/g M/g Uh/g Ca/mg C vit/mg vlakna/g Fe/mg
kukuruzne pahuljice 30 110,4 461,7 2,58 0,48 25,53 0,9 0 3,3 0,18
mlijeko 300 171,6 718,8 9,9 8,4 14,1 360 0 0 0,21
med 15 48 200,85 0,06 0 12 7,5 0 0 3
grožđice 10 24,6 102,9 0,11 0 6,44 6,1 0 0,68 0,16
bademi 10 56,5 236,4 1,69 5,35 0,43 25 0 1,43 0,42
jabuka 150 60 250,5 0 0 17,85 15 15 3,45 0,3
UKUPNO 471,1 1971,15 14,34 14,23 76,35 414,5 15 8,86 4,27
Prosijek kroz dva tjedna kcal kJ Bj/g M/g Uh/g Ca/mg C vit/mgvlakna/g Fe/mg
513,75 2149,5 19,06 18,05 70,56 344,66 22,11 8,75 3,2
New School menus implementation
• As expected, not everybody liked the change
• Kids protested, drop-off
• Opposition among parents and school stuff
• Schools reported a lot of food waste
Advised:
• not all kids will come around right away
• be persistent
• work with teachers and parents
• educate
School food today
• 5 years later
• mostly does not meet the standards
• not enough fruit and vegetables
• too much processed food and pastry
• sugary drinks and food
Study design
• Aim: to investigate parents’ perceptions and opinions about school meals
• Conducted by school doctors (dr. Miletić Činić, dr. Petričević)
• 7 elementary schools in Zagreb (5th and 6th grade)
School menus
School menus
ŠKOLSKA KUHINJA: JELOVNIK
19.03.2018.-28.03.2018.
PONEDJELJAK
D: PIZZA, ČAJ, VOĆE
U: KAJZERICA, PAŠTETA, ČAJ, VOĆE
UTORAK
D: KRUH, SIR, ŠUNKA, SOK, VOĆE
U: MALI BUREK SA SIROM, MLIJEKO, VOĆE
SRIJEDA
D: GRIZ, BANANA
U: PUTER ŠTANGICA, VOĆNI JOGURT
ČETVRTAK
D: ŽEMLJA, HRENOVKA, SENF, SOK, VOĆE
U: KAJZERICA, MLIJEČNI NAMAZ, MLIJEKO, VOĆE
PETAK
D:KUKURUZNI KROASAN, KAKAO, VOĆE
U:PUDING ČOKOLADA, VOĆE
ŠKOLSKA KUHINJA ZADRŽAVA PRAVO IZMJENA JELOVNIKA SUKLADNO AKCIJAMA I IZMJENAMA CIJENA ODREĐENIH PROIZVODA.
Škola pridržava pravo izmjene jelovnika u slučaju poteškoća s nabavom i dostavom namirnica.
16.11.2018PETAK
MLIJEČNI OBROK Svježe mlijeko, croissant čoko-lješnjakRUČAK Zapečena tjestenina sa sirom i vrhnjem, kruhUŽINAPolubijeli kruh, maslac, sok
Participants
• 565 parents (81% mothers)
• 69% response rate (565/819)
• Mean age of parents
• 40,7 ± 5,68 years
• Mean age of children (51,6% F)
• 11,4 ± 0,68 years
School n (%)
1. S.Benceković 26 4.6%
2. Odra 49 8.7%
3. Savski Gaj 173 30.6%
4. Žitnjak 87 15.4%
5. A. Cesarec 32 5.7%
6. P. Preradivić 81 14.3%
7. V. Žganec 117 20.7%
Total 565 100%
Methods
• Anonymous parent/guardian questionnaire
• 4 Yes/No questions
• 15 questions on parents’ perception and opinions about school meals
• „How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following?”
• Coding 1-5, strongly agree – strongly disagree
Results / Students’ eating habits
• 73,6% have school meals
• 40,3% buys food around school
• 27% brings food from home
• 53,7% eats regularly before school
• Participation in school meal program• More boys than girls (78,8% vs 69,1%, p=0.009)• More fifth graders than sixth graders (82,6% vs 64,3%, p<0,001)• More those who don't eat before school (80% vs 68%, p<0,001)
Parent questionnaire data results
• My child likes the food offered at school
• 47,2 % YES
• 45,7% NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• School meals are healthy and good quality
• 33,8 % YES
• 45,5 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• Food at school is not tasty
• 29,8 % YES
• 45,2% NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• Portions are too small
• 54 % YES
• 24,6 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• There is not enough fruit in school meals
• 41,7 % YES
• 41,8 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• There is not enough vegetables in school meals
• 56,2 % YES
• 20,8 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• There is too much bread and pastry in school menus
• 58,6 % YES
• 24,1 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• There is too much fast food in school meals
• 35,9 % YES
• 40,9 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• School meals are much healthier today than before
• 26,2 % YES
• 45,4 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• Healthy school meals are important for child’s behavior and academics
• 75,5 % YES
• 11,2 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• Children do not have enough time to eat a school meal
• 64 % YES
• 25,5 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• School meals do not meet healthy nutrition standards
• 49,2 % YES
• 24,8 % NO
Parent questionnaire data results
• Big changes are needed in improving school meals
• 68,2 % YES
• 19,9 % NO
More critical of school foods
• parents of children who do not participate in school meals (all questions p<0.005)
• younger parents
Conclusions:
• Parents disagree and want changes
• Partner with parents
• Be protective of children's health
• Parents – key influence on a child’s eating behavior
• Schools – ideal place to promote healthy eating habits
Hvala na pažnji/Thank you
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